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NUR 1136 Final Exam — Comprehensive Practice Questions (2026–2027) Graded
A+ | Original Questions & Answers with Detailed Rationales
This comprehensive final exam covers the core content from Units 1–5
of NUR 1136: Foundations of Nursing Practice, Nursing Process,
Infection Control, Vital Signs, Patient Safety, Communication,
Documentation, Health Assessment, Ethics, Fluid & Electrolyte Balance,
Acid-Base Balance, Respiratory Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Renal &
Urinary Disorders, Hypertension & Heart Failure, Mobility &
Musculoskeletal Disorders, Perioperative Nursing, Wound Care & Skin
Integrity, Pain Management, Sensory Alterations, Sleep & Rest,
Nutrition, Bowel Elimination, Oxygenation, Care of the Older Adult,
Chronic Illness, End-of-Life Care, Mental Health Nursing, Community
Health Nursing, Growth & Development, Immune System Function, and
Pharmacology & Medication Safety. Each question includes a correct
answer and a detailed rationale.
SECTION A: NURSING FOUNDATIONS, NURSING PROCESS &
CRITICAL THINKING (Questions)
Question 1
Who is considered the founder of modern nursing?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Mary Eliza Mahoney
D. Lillian Wald
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Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing during
the Crimean War by emphasizing sanitation, data collection,
and compassionate care. She established the first secular
nursing school in 1860 at St. Thomas' Hospital in London .
Question 2
Which organization defines nursing as "the diagnosis and
treatment of human responses to actual and potential health
problems"?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. National League for Nursing (NLN)
C. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
D. American Medical Association (AMA)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines
nursing as "the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to
actual and potential health problems."
Question 3
What is the correct order of the nursing process?
A. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The five steps of the nursing process are:
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Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation .
Question 4
Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting health
data?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the phase of the nursing process that
involves collecting health data .
Question 5
A nurse collects data, organizes it, validates it, and documents
it. This is which phase of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting, organizing,
validating, and documenting data .
Question 6
What is the primary goal of nursing?
A. To cure disease
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B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
C. To prescribe medications
D. To perform surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ultimate goal of nursing is to promote, maintain,
or restore health, or to assist the patient to achieve a peaceful
death when their condition is terminal. Nursing focuses on
holistic care rather than just disease cure .
Question 7
Which of the following is a correctly written nursing diagnosis?
A. Pneumonia related to bacterial infection
B. Impaired gas exchange related to decreased lung expansion
C. Diabetes mellitus related to insufficient insulin
D. Hypertension related to high sodium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impaired gas exchange is a nursing diagnosis. It
describes the patient's response to a health problem. The others
are medical diagnoses.
Question 8
The nurse is developing a care plan. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A. Implement interventions
B. Evaluate outcomes
C. Assess the patient
D. Administer medications
NUR 1136 Final Exam — Comprehensive Practice Questions (2026–2027) Graded
A+ | Original Questions & Answers with Detailed Rationales
This comprehensive final exam covers the core content from Units 1–5
of NUR 1136: Foundations of Nursing Practice, Nursing Process,
Infection Control, Vital Signs, Patient Safety, Communication,
Documentation, Health Assessment, Ethics, Fluid & Electrolyte Balance,
Acid-Base Balance, Respiratory Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Renal &
Urinary Disorders, Hypertension & Heart Failure, Mobility &
Musculoskeletal Disorders, Perioperative Nursing, Wound Care & Skin
Integrity, Pain Management, Sensory Alterations, Sleep & Rest,
Nutrition, Bowel Elimination, Oxygenation, Care of the Older Adult,
Chronic Illness, End-of-Life Care, Mental Health Nursing, Community
Health Nursing, Growth & Development, Immune System Function, and
Pharmacology & Medication Safety. Each question includes a correct
answer and a detailed rationale.
SECTION A: NURSING FOUNDATIONS, NURSING PROCESS &
CRITICAL THINKING (Questions)
Question 1
Who is considered the founder of modern nursing?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Mary Eliza Mahoney
D. Lillian Wald
, Page |2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing during
the Crimean War by emphasizing sanitation, data collection,
and compassionate care. She established the first secular
nursing school in 1860 at St. Thomas' Hospital in London .
Question 2
Which organization defines nursing as "the diagnosis and
treatment of human responses to actual and potential health
problems"?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. National League for Nursing (NLN)
C. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
D. American Medical Association (AMA)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines
nursing as "the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to
actual and potential health problems."
Question 3
What is the correct order of the nursing process?
A. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The five steps of the nursing process are:
, Page |3
Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation .
Question 4
Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting health
data?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the phase of the nursing process that
involves collecting health data .
Question 5
A nurse collects data, organizes it, validates it, and documents
it. This is which phase of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting, organizing,
validating, and documenting data .
Question 6
What is the primary goal of nursing?
A. To cure disease
, Page |4
B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
C. To prescribe medications
D. To perform surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ultimate goal of nursing is to promote, maintain,
or restore health, or to assist the patient to achieve a peaceful
death when their condition is terminal. Nursing focuses on
holistic care rather than just disease cure .
Question 7
Which of the following is a correctly written nursing diagnosis?
A. Pneumonia related to bacterial infection
B. Impaired gas exchange related to decreased lung expansion
C. Diabetes mellitus related to insufficient insulin
D. Hypertension related to high sodium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impaired gas exchange is a nursing diagnosis. It
describes the patient's response to a health problem. The others
are medical diagnoses.
Question 8
The nurse is developing a care plan. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A. Implement interventions
B. Evaluate outcomes
C. Assess the patient
D. Administer medications
