NUR 176 EXAM 1 PT. 1 GLUCOSE REGULATION AND DIABETES
MELLITUS QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
ancanthosis nigricans correct answer velvety darkening of the skin
anthropometric measurements correct answer body mass index and waist to hip
ratio:
asses for hypertension and determine overweight and obesity
associated with insulin-resistance states
antibody testing correct answer assessment of antibodies used to confirm type 1
diabetes mellitus
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD)
blood glucose testing correct answer prediabetes or impaired fasting glucose:
100-126
diabetes: >126 on two separate occasions
random blood glucose of >200 with s/s of diabetes in conclusive
HgbA1C: average blood glucose prior 3 months >6.5% = diabetes
C-reactive protein correct answer made by body during times of stress or
infection
increased amount in people with diabetes mellitus and associated with the
inflammatory process of insulin resistance
counter-regulatory hormones correct answer oppose the action of other
hormones (glycogen, cortisol, steroids)
,diabetes mellitus correct answer a chronic multi system disease related to a
decrease or absolute lack of insulin production by the beta cells of the insult of
Langerhans in the pancreas or by impaired insulin use
systematic metabolic disorder that involves improper metabolism of
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: cause, onset, age, skin, blood glucose, breath correct
answer type 1 diabetes
cause: inadequate insulin
onset: hours to days
age: usually younger patients
skin: hot, dry, flushed
blood glucose: 300-800 mg/dL
breath: fruity (ketons)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: emergency treatment, mucous membranes, respirations,
neurosensory, glycosuria and ketonuria, polyuria and polydipsia, and hunger
correct answer emergency treatment: insulin (regular) fluid replacement
mucous membranes: dry
repirations: deep kussmaul's respiration
nuerosensory: drowsiness to coma
glycosuria and ketonuria: present
polyuria and polydipsia: present
hunger: absent; may have nausea and vomiting
, DM collaboration intervention correct answer interdisciplinary approach
goal is glycemic control
interventions: patient education for self-management, glucose monitoring,
nutrition therapy, pharmacologic agents
DM macrovascular complications correct answer hypertension
cardiovascular disease: MI and Stroke
retinopathy - blindness
renal disease
peripheral artery disease
periodontal disease with loss of teeth
neuropathies with sexual dysfunction, bladder incontinence, paresthesia and
gastroparesis
DM microvascular complications correct answer arise from destruction of
capillaries in the eyes, kidneys and peripheral tissue
end-stage renal disease
adult blindness
DM patient teaching correct answer do not hold insulin in pt. who is type 1 DM
good skin care
special foot care
DM primary prevention correct answer measures for optimal glucose regulation
emphasize healthy lifestyle behaviors
MELLITUS QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
ancanthosis nigricans correct answer velvety darkening of the skin
anthropometric measurements correct answer body mass index and waist to hip
ratio:
asses for hypertension and determine overweight and obesity
associated with insulin-resistance states
antibody testing correct answer assessment of antibodies used to confirm type 1
diabetes mellitus
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD)
blood glucose testing correct answer prediabetes or impaired fasting glucose:
100-126
diabetes: >126 on two separate occasions
random blood glucose of >200 with s/s of diabetes in conclusive
HgbA1C: average blood glucose prior 3 months >6.5% = diabetes
C-reactive protein correct answer made by body during times of stress or
infection
increased amount in people with diabetes mellitus and associated with the
inflammatory process of insulin resistance
counter-regulatory hormones correct answer oppose the action of other
hormones (glycogen, cortisol, steroids)
,diabetes mellitus correct answer a chronic multi system disease related to a
decrease or absolute lack of insulin production by the beta cells of the insult of
Langerhans in the pancreas or by impaired insulin use
systematic metabolic disorder that involves improper metabolism of
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: cause, onset, age, skin, blood glucose, breath correct
answer type 1 diabetes
cause: inadequate insulin
onset: hours to days
age: usually younger patients
skin: hot, dry, flushed
blood glucose: 300-800 mg/dL
breath: fruity (ketons)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: emergency treatment, mucous membranes, respirations,
neurosensory, glycosuria and ketonuria, polyuria and polydipsia, and hunger
correct answer emergency treatment: insulin (regular) fluid replacement
mucous membranes: dry
repirations: deep kussmaul's respiration
nuerosensory: drowsiness to coma
glycosuria and ketonuria: present
polyuria and polydipsia: present
hunger: absent; may have nausea and vomiting
, DM collaboration intervention correct answer interdisciplinary approach
goal is glycemic control
interventions: patient education for self-management, glucose monitoring,
nutrition therapy, pharmacologic agents
DM macrovascular complications correct answer hypertension
cardiovascular disease: MI and Stroke
retinopathy - blindness
renal disease
peripheral artery disease
periodontal disease with loss of teeth
neuropathies with sexual dysfunction, bladder incontinence, paresthesia and
gastroparesis
DM microvascular complications correct answer arise from destruction of
capillaries in the eyes, kidneys and peripheral tissue
end-stage renal disease
adult blindness
DM patient teaching correct answer do not hold insulin in pt. who is type 1 DM
good skin care
special foot care
DM primary prevention correct answer measures for optimal glucose regulation
emphasize healthy lifestyle behaviors
