Explain the importance of ethics and the approaches to aid practitioners as discussed
and outlined in the article by Dr. Shannon Bowen.
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1. establish ethical parameters before they are needed
2. Know your own values
3. Spot and discuss ethical issues
4. identify core values and instill an ethical organizational culture
5. Educate decision makers in the organization
6. Engage in systematic and analytical means of contemplating ethical
dilemmas
What three factors have contributed to the evolution of public relations?
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, 1. Growth of large institutions
2. Growth of democracy
3. Sophistication of publics
Organising public relations professionals into a transnational society with the
objective of raising standards of public relations practice in the various countries and
improving the quality and efficiency of practitioners
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Mission of the International Public Relations Association (IPRA)
Haptics
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the degree of touching
Understand Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism-
collectivism, masculinity-femininity, uncertainty avoidance and Michael Bond's long-
term orientation/Confucian dynamism.
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, Power Distance:
the degree to which the culture believes power should be distributed
among its members
Individualism-Collectivism:
the degree to which individualism is valued in a society and bears directly
on the nature of business relationships and encounters public relations
practitioners are likely to experience
Masculinity-Femininity:
the degree to which a culture values achievement and assertiveness
(masculinity) or nurturing and social support (femininity)
Uncertainty Avoidance:
the ability of members of a culture to adapt to change and cope with
uncertainty; the degree to which members can accept ambiguity
Michael Bond's Long-Term Orientation:
placing value on relationships
Corfucian Dynamism:
describes a person's orientation to life and work based on Confucian
cultural patterns
What is meant by a polycentric approach to the practice of public relations?
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culturally relative perspective that PR should be practiced differently in
every culture
What is meant by the Diderot effect?
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and outlined in the article by Dr. Shannon Bowen.
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1. establish ethical parameters before they are needed
2. Know your own values
3. Spot and discuss ethical issues
4. identify core values and instill an ethical organizational culture
5. Educate decision makers in the organization
6. Engage in systematic and analytical means of contemplating ethical
dilemmas
What three factors have contributed to the evolution of public relations?
Give this one a try later!
, 1. Growth of large institutions
2. Growth of democracy
3. Sophistication of publics
Organising public relations professionals into a transnational society with the
objective of raising standards of public relations practice in the various countries and
improving the quality and efficiency of practitioners
Give this one a try later!
Mission of the International Public Relations Association (IPRA)
Haptics
Give this one a try later!
the degree of touching
Understand Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism-
collectivism, masculinity-femininity, uncertainty avoidance and Michael Bond's long-
term orientation/Confucian dynamism.
Give this one a try later!
, Power Distance:
the degree to which the culture believes power should be distributed
among its members
Individualism-Collectivism:
the degree to which individualism is valued in a society and bears directly
on the nature of business relationships and encounters public relations
practitioners are likely to experience
Masculinity-Femininity:
the degree to which a culture values achievement and assertiveness
(masculinity) or nurturing and social support (femininity)
Uncertainty Avoidance:
the ability of members of a culture to adapt to change and cope with
uncertainty; the degree to which members can accept ambiguity
Michael Bond's Long-Term Orientation:
placing value on relationships
Corfucian Dynamism:
describes a person's orientation to life and work based on Confucian
cultural patterns
What is meant by a polycentric approach to the practice of public relations?
Give this one a try later!
culturally relative perspective that PR should be practiced differently in
every culture
What is meant by the Diderot effect?
Give this one a try later!
