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A client is 2 days post-operative colon resection. After a coughing episode, the client’s
wound eviscerates. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Reinsert the protruding organ and cover with 4×4s
B. Cover the wound with a sterile 4×4 and ABD dressing
C. Cover the wound with a sterile saline-soaked dressing
D. Apply an abdominal binder and manual pressure to the wound
Answer: C
Rationale: If the client eviscerates, the abdominal content should be covered with a
sterile saline-soaked dressing. Reinserting the content should not be the action and will
require that the client return to surgery; thus, answer A is incorrect. Answers B and D are
incorrect because they are not appropriate to this case.
,The nurse is taking the vital signs of the client admitted with cancer of the pancreas. The
nurse is aware that the fifth vital sign is:
A. Anorexia
B. Pain
C. Insomnia
D. Fatigue
Answer: B
Rationale: The fifth vital sign is pain. Nurses should assess and record pain just as they
would temperature, respirations, pulse, and blood pressure. Answers A, C, and D are
included in the charting but are not considered to be the fifth vital sign and are,
therefore, incorrect.
The physician has ordered atropine sulfate 0.4mg IM before surgery. The medication is
supplied in 0.8mg per milliliter. The nurse should administer how many milliliters of the
medication?
A. 0.25mL
B. 0.5mL
C. 1mL
D. 1.25mL
Answer: B
Rationale: If the doctor orders 0.4mgm IM and the drug is available in 0.8/1mL, the
nurse should make the calculation: ?mL = 1mL / 0.8mgm; × 0.4mg / 1 = 0.5m:. Answers
A, C, and D are incorrect.
The nurse employed in the emergency room is responsible for triage of four clients
injured in a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following clients should receive priority
in care?
A. A 10-year-old with lacerations of the face
,B. A 15-year-old with sternal bruises
C. A 34-year-old with a fractured femur
D. A 50-year-old with dislocation of the elbow
Answer: B
Rationale: The teenager with sternal bruising might be experiencing airway and
oxygenation problems and, thus, should be seen first. In answer A, the 10-year-old with
lacerations might look bad but is not in distress. The client in answer C with a fractured
femur should be immobilized but can be seen after the client with sternal bruising. The
client in answer D with the dislocated elbow can be seen later as well.
The nurse is caring for the client with a mastectomy. Which action would be
contraindicated?
A. Taking the blood pressure in the side of the mastectomy
B. Elevating the arm on the side of the mastectomy
C. Positioning the client on the unaffected side
D. Performing a dextrostix on the unaffected side
Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should not take the blood pressure on the affected side. Also,
venipunctures and IVs should not be used in the affected area. Answers B, C, and D are
all indicated for caring for the client. The arm should be elevated to decrease edema. It
is best to position the client on the unaffected side and perform a dextrostix on the
unaffected side.
The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for removal of a pituitary tumor using the trans
sphenoidal approach. The nurse should be particularly alert for:
A. Nasal congestion
B. Abdominal tenderness
C. Muscle tetany
, D. Oliguria
Answer: A
Rationale: Removal of the pituitary gland is usually done by a trans sphenoidal
approach, through the nose. Nasal congestion further interferes with the airway.
Answers B, C, and D are not correct because they are not directly associated with the
pituitary gland.
A client with cancer is admitted to the oncology unit. Stat lab values reveal Hgb 12.6,
WBC 6500, K+ 1.9, uric acid 7.0, Na+ 136, and platelets 178,000. The nurse evaluates
that the client is experiencing which of the following?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Myelosuppression
D. Leukocytosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia is evident from the lab values listed. The other laboratory
findings are within normal limits, making answers A, C, and D incorrect.
A 24-year-old female client is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which of the
following is the primary responsibility of the nurse?
A. Taking the vital signs
B. Obtaining the permit
C. Explaining the procedure
D. Checking the lab work
Answer: A
Rationale: The primary responsibility of the nurse is to take the vital signs before any
surgery. The actions in answers B, C, and D are the responsibility of the doctor and,
therefore, are incorrect for this question.