Unit 1 Elements and Matter
Key Terms
chemistry transition elements changes of state
matter metals melting
elements nonmetals freezing
periodic table of elements metalloids condensation
chemical symbol pure substance evaporation
groups element sublimation
periods compound deposition
chemical periodicity chemical formula chemical change
alkali metals mixture chemical properties
alkaline earth metals homogeneous mixture (solution) physical change
halogens heterogeneous mixture physical properties
noble gases states of matter density
representative elements solid, liquid, gas
Problem Checklist
1.1. Use the periodic table to write the name or symbol of an element.
1.2. Determine the group number and period number of an element.
1.3. Know your way around the periodic table: common names for groups 1A, 2A, 7A and 8A,
representative vs transition elements, metals vs non-metals vs metalloids.
1.4. Distinguish between element, compound, homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous
mixture.
1.5. Describe the characteristics of the three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
1.6. Identify the changes of state and recognize examples of each.
1.7. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes and identify examples of each.
1.8. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties and identify examples of each.
1.9. Calculate the density of a substance. If necessary, calculate volume using the
displacement method.
,Textbook Practice Problems
Textbook Section Page # Questions
4.1 Elements and Symbols p.101 4.1, 4.3, 4.5
4.2 The Periodic Table p.106 4.7, 4.9, 4.11, 4.13, 4.15
Additional Practice Problems p.141 4.113, 4.115
Chapter 4 Answers p.142
3.1 Classification of Matter p.67 3.1, 3.3, 3.5
Understanding the Concepts p.92 3.59, 3.61
Additional Practice Problems p.93 3.71, 3.73
3.2 States and Properties of Matter p.70 3.7, 3.9, 3.11, 3.13
Additional Practice Problems p.93 3.75, 3.77, 3.79
3.7 Changes of State p.87 3.43, 3.47
Chapter 3 Answers p.95
2.7 Density p.53 2.67acd, 2.69ac, 2.75, 2.77b
Understanding the Concepts p.59 2.93
Round your answers to 2 decimal places
Chapter 2 Answers p.60
Notes: Unit 1 – Elements and Matter
Contents
4.1 Elements and Symbols ............................................................................................................................ 4
4.2 The Periodic Table ................................................................................................................................... 6
Groups and Periods ................................................................................................................................... 6
Group Names ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Alkali Metals .............................................................................................................................................. 8
Alkaline Earth Metals ................................................................................................................................ 8
Halogens.................................................................................................................................................... 9
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids ........................................................................................................ 10
Chemistry Link to Health: Elements Essential to Health ....................................................................... 12
3.1 Classification of Matter ......................................................................................................................... 13
Elements in a Compound ........................................................................................................................ 13
Mixtures .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Homogeneous Mixture ....................................................................................................................... 14
Heterogeneous Mixture ...................................................................................................................... 14
3.7 States and Properties of Matter ...................................................................................................... 15
, Solids ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
Liquids ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Gases ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Physical Properties .................................................................................................................................. 17
physical change ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Chemical properties ................................................................................................................................ 18
3.7 Changes of State ................................................................................................................................... 20
Melting and Freezing .............................................................................................................................. 20
Evaporation, Boiling, and Condensation ................................................................................................. 21
Evaporation ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Condensation ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Boiling ................................................................................................................................................. 21
Sublimation ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Deposition ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Heat of fusion ...................................................................................................................................... 22
Heat of vaporization ............................................................................................................................ 22
Heating and Cooling Curves ................................................................................................................ 23
Calculating Density .................................................................................................................................. 24
Density Using Volume Displacement .................................................................................................. 25
Specific gravity .................................................................................................................................... 26
Key Terms
chemistry transition elements changes of state
matter metals melting
elements nonmetals freezing
periodic table of elements metalloids condensation
chemical symbol pure substance evaporation
groups element sublimation
periods compound deposition
chemical periodicity chemical formula chemical change
alkali metals mixture chemical properties
alkaline earth metals homogeneous mixture (solution) physical change
halogens heterogeneous mixture physical properties
noble gases states of matter density
representative elements solid, liquid, gas
Problem Checklist
1.1. Use the periodic table to write the name or symbol of an element.
1.2. Determine the group number and period number of an element.
1.3. Know your way around the periodic table: common names for groups 1A, 2A, 7A and 8A,
representative vs transition elements, metals vs non-metals vs metalloids.
1.4. Distinguish between element, compound, homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous
mixture.
1.5. Describe the characteristics of the three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
1.6. Identify the changes of state and recognize examples of each.
1.7. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes and identify examples of each.
1.8. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties and identify examples of each.
1.9. Calculate the density of a substance. If necessary, calculate volume using the
displacement method.
,Textbook Practice Problems
Textbook Section Page # Questions
4.1 Elements and Symbols p.101 4.1, 4.3, 4.5
4.2 The Periodic Table p.106 4.7, 4.9, 4.11, 4.13, 4.15
Additional Practice Problems p.141 4.113, 4.115
Chapter 4 Answers p.142
3.1 Classification of Matter p.67 3.1, 3.3, 3.5
Understanding the Concepts p.92 3.59, 3.61
Additional Practice Problems p.93 3.71, 3.73
3.2 States and Properties of Matter p.70 3.7, 3.9, 3.11, 3.13
Additional Practice Problems p.93 3.75, 3.77, 3.79
3.7 Changes of State p.87 3.43, 3.47
Chapter 3 Answers p.95
2.7 Density p.53 2.67acd, 2.69ac, 2.75, 2.77b
Understanding the Concepts p.59 2.93
Round your answers to 2 decimal places
Chapter 2 Answers p.60
Notes: Unit 1 – Elements and Matter
Contents
4.1 Elements and Symbols ............................................................................................................................ 4
4.2 The Periodic Table ................................................................................................................................... 6
Groups and Periods ................................................................................................................................... 6
Group Names ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Alkali Metals .............................................................................................................................................. 8
Alkaline Earth Metals ................................................................................................................................ 8
Halogens.................................................................................................................................................... 9
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids ........................................................................................................ 10
Chemistry Link to Health: Elements Essential to Health ....................................................................... 12
3.1 Classification of Matter ......................................................................................................................... 13
Elements in a Compound ........................................................................................................................ 13
Mixtures .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Homogeneous Mixture ....................................................................................................................... 14
Heterogeneous Mixture ...................................................................................................................... 14
3.7 States and Properties of Matter ...................................................................................................... 15
, Solids ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
Liquids ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Gases ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Physical Properties .................................................................................................................................. 17
physical change ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Chemical properties ................................................................................................................................ 18
3.7 Changes of State ................................................................................................................................... 20
Melting and Freezing .............................................................................................................................. 20
Evaporation, Boiling, and Condensation ................................................................................................. 21
Evaporation ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Condensation ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Boiling ................................................................................................................................................. 21
Sublimation ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Deposition ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Heat of fusion ...................................................................................................................................... 22
Heat of vaporization ............................................................................................................................ 22
Heating and Cooling Curves ................................................................................................................ 23
Calculating Density .................................................................................................................................. 24
Density Using Volume Displacement .................................................................................................. 25
Specific gravity .................................................................................................................................... 26
