Page 1 of 106
HACKER & MOORE'S ESSENTIALS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY,
6TH EDITION EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST 2026 – 2027 VERSION SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
HACKER & MOORE'S ESSENTIALS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY, 6TH
EDITION
Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers & Clinical Rationales
Authors: Neville F. Hacker, Joseph C. Gambone, Calvin J. Hobel
Edition: 6th Edition | Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9781455775583
SECTION I: FUNDAMENTALS OF OBSTETRICS (Questions 1–100)
Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
Question 1: A surgeon performing a retroperitoneal dissection identifies a tubular
structure crossing over the common iliac artery at its bifurcation. Which anatomical
structure has most likely been identified?
A) Internal iliac vein
B) Ureter
C) Obturator nerve
D) Genitofemoral nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ureter classically crosses the common iliac artery at its bifurcation into
the internal and external branches. The internal iliac vein lies posterior and medial to
the artery at the bifurcation. The obturator nerve lies deeper in the obturator fossa,
, Page 2 of 106
lateral to the pelvic vessels, and the genitofemoral nerve is found on the surface of the
psoas muscle, significantly more lateral.
Question 2: During a pelvic examination, the cervix is visualized. The external cervical
os in a nulliparous woman typically appears:
A) Slit-like and smooth
B) Round and smooth
C) Irregular and stellate
D) Everted and granular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The external cervical os appears round and smooth in nulliparous women
and slit-like or stellate in parous women. The transformation zone is the area where
columnar epithelium transitions to squamous epithelium.
Question 3: Which structure is the most dependent portion of the peritoneal cavity in a
woman in the supine position?
A) Vesicouterine pouch
B) Rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)
C) Uterosacral ligament
D) Broad ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) is the most dependent portion of
the peritoneal cavity when a woman is supine, making it a common site for fluid
accumulation and spread of intraperitoneal malignancies.
Question 4: The cardinal ligament (Mackenrodt's ligament) contains which important
structures?
A) Ureter and uterine artery
B) Uterine artery and vein
C) Ovarian vessels
, Page 3 of 106
D) Round ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cardinal ligament contains the uterine artery and vein. The ureter passes
under the uterine artery at the base of the broad ligament ("water under the bridge").
Question 5: Which structure provides the primary blood supply to the uterus?
A) Ovarian artery
B) Uterine artery
C) Vaginal artery
D) Internal pudendal artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The uterine artery, a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery,
provides the primary blood supply to the uterus. The ovarian arteries supply the ovaries
and anastomose with the uterine arteries.
Question 6: A patient is diagnosed with a retroverted uterus. In this position, the uterus
is tilted:
A) Forward toward the bladder
B) Backward toward the rectum
C) To the right side
D) To the left side
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A retroverted uterus is tilted backward toward the rectum. An anteverted
uterus is tilted forward toward the bladder.
Question 7: The round ligaments originate from the uterus and travel through which
structure?
A) Broad ligament
B) Inguinal canal
C) Uterosacral ligament
, Page 4 of 106
D) Cardinal ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The round ligaments originate from the anterolateral aspect of the uterus,
travel through the broad ligament, and pass through the inguinal canal to insert into the
labia majora.
Question 8: What is the normal position of the uterus in most women?
A) Retroverted
B) Anteverted
C) Midposition
D) Retroflexed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most common uterine position is anteverted (tilted forward toward the
bladder) and anteflexed (flexed forward at the cervix). Approximately 70-80% of women
have this orientation.
Question 9: The blood supply to the ovary is primarily from which artery?
A) Uterine artery
B) Ovarian artery
C) Internal pudendal artery
D) Vaginal artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ovarian artery branches directly from the abdominal aorta and provides
the primary blood supply to the ovary, with anastomoses from the uterine artery.
Question 10: A patient presents with pelvic organ prolapse. Which ligament provides
primary support to the uterus at the level of the cervix?
A) Round ligament
B) Uterosacral ligament
C) Cardinal ligament
HACKER & MOORE'S ESSENTIALS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY,
6TH EDITION EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST 2026 – 2027 VERSION SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
HACKER & MOORE'S ESSENTIALS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY, 6TH
EDITION
Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers & Clinical Rationales
Authors: Neville F. Hacker, Joseph C. Gambone, Calvin J. Hobel
Edition: 6th Edition | Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9781455775583
SECTION I: FUNDAMENTALS OF OBSTETRICS (Questions 1–100)
Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
Question 1: A surgeon performing a retroperitoneal dissection identifies a tubular
structure crossing over the common iliac artery at its bifurcation. Which anatomical
structure has most likely been identified?
A) Internal iliac vein
B) Ureter
C) Obturator nerve
D) Genitofemoral nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ureter classically crosses the common iliac artery at its bifurcation into
the internal and external branches. The internal iliac vein lies posterior and medial to
the artery at the bifurcation. The obturator nerve lies deeper in the obturator fossa,
, Page 2 of 106
lateral to the pelvic vessels, and the genitofemoral nerve is found on the surface of the
psoas muscle, significantly more lateral.
Question 2: During a pelvic examination, the cervix is visualized. The external cervical
os in a nulliparous woman typically appears:
A) Slit-like and smooth
B) Round and smooth
C) Irregular and stellate
D) Everted and granular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The external cervical os appears round and smooth in nulliparous women
and slit-like or stellate in parous women. The transformation zone is the area where
columnar epithelium transitions to squamous epithelium.
Question 3: Which structure is the most dependent portion of the peritoneal cavity in a
woman in the supine position?
A) Vesicouterine pouch
B) Rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)
C) Uterosacral ligament
D) Broad ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) is the most dependent portion of
the peritoneal cavity when a woman is supine, making it a common site for fluid
accumulation and spread of intraperitoneal malignancies.
Question 4: The cardinal ligament (Mackenrodt's ligament) contains which important
structures?
A) Ureter and uterine artery
B) Uterine artery and vein
C) Ovarian vessels
, Page 3 of 106
D) Round ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cardinal ligament contains the uterine artery and vein. The ureter passes
under the uterine artery at the base of the broad ligament ("water under the bridge").
Question 5: Which structure provides the primary blood supply to the uterus?
A) Ovarian artery
B) Uterine artery
C) Vaginal artery
D) Internal pudendal artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The uterine artery, a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery,
provides the primary blood supply to the uterus. The ovarian arteries supply the ovaries
and anastomose with the uterine arteries.
Question 6: A patient is diagnosed with a retroverted uterus. In this position, the uterus
is tilted:
A) Forward toward the bladder
B) Backward toward the rectum
C) To the right side
D) To the left side
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A retroverted uterus is tilted backward toward the rectum. An anteverted
uterus is tilted forward toward the bladder.
Question 7: The round ligaments originate from the uterus and travel through which
structure?
A) Broad ligament
B) Inguinal canal
C) Uterosacral ligament
, Page 4 of 106
D) Cardinal ligament
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The round ligaments originate from the anterolateral aspect of the uterus,
travel through the broad ligament, and pass through the inguinal canal to insert into the
labia majora.
Question 8: What is the normal position of the uterus in most women?
A) Retroverted
B) Anteverted
C) Midposition
D) Retroflexed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most common uterine position is anteverted (tilted forward toward the
bladder) and anteflexed (flexed forward at the cervix). Approximately 70-80% of women
have this orientation.
Question 9: The blood supply to the ovary is primarily from which artery?
A) Uterine artery
B) Ovarian artery
C) Internal pudendal artery
D) Vaginal artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ovarian artery branches directly from the abdominal aorta and provides
the primary blood supply to the ovary, with anastomoses from the uterine artery.
Question 10: A patient presents with pelvic organ prolapse. Which ligament provides
primary support to the uterus at the level of the cervix?
A) Round ligament
B) Uterosacral ligament
C) Cardinal ligament
