,COMPREHENSIVE NCSF PERSONAL TRAINING
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Antagonist. Answer: muscle that relaxes and lengthens during a
given exercise to accommodate contraction of the agonist (e.g.,
triceps during a biceps curl)
◉ Isotonic. Answer: tension remains constant while joint angles
change; seen during most exercises that include an acceleration and
deceleration component
◉ Concentric. Answer: occurs during the acceleration phase of a lift
as the muscle shortens
◉ Eccentric. Answer: occurs during the deceleration phase of a lift
as the muscle lengthens
◉ Isometric. Answer: tension is created but no joint angle changes;
common in stabilizers
◉ Isokinetic. Answer: involves a constant speed of movement;
requires specialized rehab equipment
◉ Type 1. Answer: slow-twitch oxidative fibers possess the lowest
power output, smallest diameter, and highest resistance to fatigue;
they are well suited for prolonged aerobic work and possess the
, highest capillary and mitochondrial densities, fire first in
anticipation of joint stability needs
◉ Type IIA. Answer: fast-twitch, oxidative-glycolytic fibers that
possess intermediate power output capabilities and diameter with
moderate resistance to fatigue; provide support during both intense
strength/power work and prolonged exercise (most versatile from a
metabolic standpoint)
◉ Type IIX. Answer: fast-twitch glycolytic fibers that possess the
highest power output capabilities, largest diameter, and lowest
resistance to fatigue; provide significant support during intense
strength/power activities
◉ Postural muscles. Answer: maintain higher concentrations of type
I fibers (e.g., soleus)
◉ The anatomical position. Answer: standard reference for the body
when describing locations, positions, and movements of limbs or
other anatomical structures
◉ Movers. Answer: tend to have a greater type II fiber concentration
(e.g., biceps)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Antagonist. Answer: muscle that relaxes and lengthens during a
given exercise to accommodate contraction of the agonist (e.g.,
triceps during a biceps curl)
◉ Isotonic. Answer: tension remains constant while joint angles
change; seen during most exercises that include an acceleration and
deceleration component
◉ Concentric. Answer: occurs during the acceleration phase of a lift
as the muscle shortens
◉ Eccentric. Answer: occurs during the deceleration phase of a lift
as the muscle lengthens
◉ Isometric. Answer: tension is created but no joint angle changes;
common in stabilizers
◉ Isokinetic. Answer: involves a constant speed of movement;
requires specialized rehab equipment
◉ Type 1. Answer: slow-twitch oxidative fibers possess the lowest
power output, smallest diameter, and highest resistance to fatigue;
they are well suited for prolonged aerobic work and possess the
, highest capillary and mitochondrial densities, fire first in
anticipation of joint stability needs
◉ Type IIA. Answer: fast-twitch, oxidative-glycolytic fibers that
possess intermediate power output capabilities and diameter with
moderate resistance to fatigue; provide support during both intense
strength/power work and prolonged exercise (most versatile from a
metabolic standpoint)
◉ Type IIX. Answer: fast-twitch glycolytic fibers that possess the
highest power output capabilities, largest diameter, and lowest
resistance to fatigue; provide significant support during intense
strength/power activities
◉ Postural muscles. Answer: maintain higher concentrations of type
I fibers (e.g., soleus)
◉ The anatomical position. Answer: standard reference for the body
when describing locations, positions, and movements of limbs or
other anatomical structures
◉ Movers. Answer: tend to have a greater type II fiber concentration
(e.g., biceps)
