NUR 453 RENAL SYSTEM EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | STUDY
GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
normal serum creatinine range - ANS ✔✔0.6-1.3
normal BUN range - ANS ✔✔8-25
What is the difference in BUN: Creatinine ratios between pre-renal and intra or post renal injury? - ANS
✔✔Pre-renal --> BUN:Cr ratio is > 20:1
Intra or post renal --> BUN:Cr ratio is < 20:1
specific gravity of urine normal range - ANS ✔✔1.005-1.030
What is a key limitation of the KUB (Kidneys-Ureters-Bladder) radiograph in detecting kidney stones -
ANS ✔✔You will only be able to see the calcium containing stones because they are radio-opaque
A KUB radiograph is contraindicated for ... because of the use of radioactive dye - ANS ✔✔pregnant
women
why do we typically perform an US of the bladder? - ANS ✔✔to evaluate problems with frequency or
inability to urinate
A bladder US cannot be performed if - ANS ✔✔the patient does NOT have a full bladder
what are some safety concerns regarding the use of an intravenous pyelogram? (hint: it involves
radiopaque dye) - ANS ✔✔1. cannot be done with patients who are allergic to iodine
2. The dye is NEPHROTOXIC: kind of counterintuitive because we are trying to identify a kidney problem
but might be making it even worse
What are some key interventions in preparing a patient for an IV pyelogram to prevent nephrotoxicity? -
ANS ✔✔Use the minimal amount of dye and make sure to hydrate the patient before and after (unless
contraindicated ie CHF)
What are some expectations the patient should have after having an IV pyelogram? - ANS ✔✔Normal
findings
- may have warm feeling/flushing of the face
- may feel the urge to defecate
What are the main risks of bladder cystoscopy/biopsy (3) - ANS ✔✔bleeding
infection
pain
GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
normal serum creatinine range - ANS ✔✔0.6-1.3
normal BUN range - ANS ✔✔8-25
What is the difference in BUN: Creatinine ratios between pre-renal and intra or post renal injury? - ANS
✔✔Pre-renal --> BUN:Cr ratio is > 20:1
Intra or post renal --> BUN:Cr ratio is < 20:1
specific gravity of urine normal range - ANS ✔✔1.005-1.030
What is a key limitation of the KUB (Kidneys-Ureters-Bladder) radiograph in detecting kidney stones -
ANS ✔✔You will only be able to see the calcium containing stones because they are radio-opaque
A KUB radiograph is contraindicated for ... because of the use of radioactive dye - ANS ✔✔pregnant
women
why do we typically perform an US of the bladder? - ANS ✔✔to evaluate problems with frequency or
inability to urinate
A bladder US cannot be performed if - ANS ✔✔the patient does NOT have a full bladder
what are some safety concerns regarding the use of an intravenous pyelogram? (hint: it involves
radiopaque dye) - ANS ✔✔1. cannot be done with patients who are allergic to iodine
2. The dye is NEPHROTOXIC: kind of counterintuitive because we are trying to identify a kidney problem
but might be making it even worse
What are some key interventions in preparing a patient for an IV pyelogram to prevent nephrotoxicity? -
ANS ✔✔Use the minimal amount of dye and make sure to hydrate the patient before and after (unless
contraindicated ie CHF)
What are some expectations the patient should have after having an IV pyelogram? - ANS ✔✔Normal
findings
- may have warm feeling/flushing of the face
- may feel the urge to defecate
What are the main risks of bladder cystoscopy/biopsy (3) - ANS ✔✔bleeding
infection
pain
