NR 283 ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ secondary prevention of poor perfusion.
Answer: routine physicals
glucose monitoring
lipid screening
hemoglobin A1C monitoring
improved access to healthcare
◉ tertiary prevention of poor perfusion.
Answer: healthy lifestyle promotion: nutrition, tobacco use, exercise
pharmacotherapy (diuretics, anticoagulants, anti-platelets, or lipid
lowering agents, etc.)
procedures or surgical interventions (stent placement, pacemakers,
heart valve, peripheral artery revascularization, bypass, etc.)
◉ what can improve perfusion?.
Answer: low dose aspirin
treating hypertension
healthy diet
exercise
,maintaining a normal weight
◉ what findings are expected in an individual with hypoxia due to
poor perfusion?.
Answer: Difficulty breathing
Fatigue
Swelling
Pain
◉ RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System).
Answer: -how the kidneys indirectly regulate blood pressure
dehydration or hemorrhage -> decreased blood volume -> decreased
blood pressure -> kidneys release renin & liver releases
angiotensinogen -> react together to make angiotensin 1 -> causes
lungs to produce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) ->
angiotensin 2 -> causes vasoconstriction (which increases blood
pressure) AND causes kidneys to release aldosterone -> kidneys
keep Na, more water flows into blood ->increases blood volume
(which increases blood pressure)
◉ Coronary artery disease.
Answer: atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the
blood supply to the heart muscle
, -most common type of heart disease in the US
-damages the endothelial layer of coronary arteries
◉ describe the cause of coronary artery disease.
Answer: A buildup of plaque on the inside of a coronary artery leads
to reduced heart circulation
◉ risk factors for coronary artery disease.
Answer: Modifiable: diabetes, obesity, high cholesterol, high blood
pressure, excessive stress, smoking
Nonmodifiable: genetics, menopause, ethnicity, old age, gender
(more common in men)
◉ symptoms of coronary artery disease.
Answer: -similar to those of a heart attack but the symptoms
(angina) go away when the heart does not require as much oxygen
-chest discomfort
-shortness of breath, dyspnea
-heart palpitations
-loss of consciousness
-dark green lips
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ secondary prevention of poor perfusion.
Answer: routine physicals
glucose monitoring
lipid screening
hemoglobin A1C monitoring
improved access to healthcare
◉ tertiary prevention of poor perfusion.
Answer: healthy lifestyle promotion: nutrition, tobacco use, exercise
pharmacotherapy (diuretics, anticoagulants, anti-platelets, or lipid
lowering agents, etc.)
procedures or surgical interventions (stent placement, pacemakers,
heart valve, peripheral artery revascularization, bypass, etc.)
◉ what can improve perfusion?.
Answer: low dose aspirin
treating hypertension
healthy diet
exercise
,maintaining a normal weight
◉ what findings are expected in an individual with hypoxia due to
poor perfusion?.
Answer: Difficulty breathing
Fatigue
Swelling
Pain
◉ RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System).
Answer: -how the kidneys indirectly regulate blood pressure
dehydration or hemorrhage -> decreased blood volume -> decreased
blood pressure -> kidneys release renin & liver releases
angiotensinogen -> react together to make angiotensin 1 -> causes
lungs to produce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) ->
angiotensin 2 -> causes vasoconstriction (which increases blood
pressure) AND causes kidneys to release aldosterone -> kidneys
keep Na, more water flows into blood ->increases blood volume
(which increases blood pressure)
◉ Coronary artery disease.
Answer: atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the
blood supply to the heart muscle
, -most common type of heart disease in the US
-damages the endothelial layer of coronary arteries
◉ describe the cause of coronary artery disease.
Answer: A buildup of plaque on the inside of a coronary artery leads
to reduced heart circulation
◉ risk factors for coronary artery disease.
Answer: Modifiable: diabetes, obesity, high cholesterol, high blood
pressure, excessive stress, smoking
Nonmodifiable: genetics, menopause, ethnicity, old age, gender
(more common in men)
◉ symptoms of coronary artery disease.
Answer: -similar to those of a heart attack but the symptoms
(angina) go away when the heart does not require as much oxygen
-chest discomfort
-shortness of breath, dyspnea
-heart palpitations
-loss of consciousness
-dark green lips
