NR 341 - Med Surg CJE Review Exam
With Complete Solutions
Electrolyte Lab Values - ANSWER Na 135-145 mEq/L
K 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Ca 9-11 mEq/L
Cl 98-106 mEq/L
CO2 21-30 mEq/L
BUN 10-20 mg/dL;
Cr <1.5 mg/dL;
glucose (fasting) 60-100 mg/dL
hyponatremia s/s - ANSWER lethargy
confusion
apprehension
seizures
coma
causes of hyponatremia - ANSWER vomiting
diarrhea
inadequate salt intake
diuretics
GI suctioning
hypernatremia s/s - ANSWER flushed skin/fever
restless
increased BP
edema
decreased urine output
skin flushed
agitated
thirst
, hypokalemia s/s - ANSWER shallow respirations
irratibility
confusion/drowsy
weakness
fatigue
arrhythmias (brady or tachycardia)
lethargy
thready pulse
interventions for hypokalemia - ANSWER assess EKG/ABGs
IV potassium (NEVER push)
green leafy veggie diet
monitor electrolytes
education on potassium rich foods
causes of hypokalemia - ANSWER vomiting
osmotic/thiazide/loop diuretics
corticosteroids
severe acid imbalance
hyperkalemia s/s - ANSWER muscle weakness
oliguria/anuria
respiratory distress
causes of anemia - ANSWER unbalanced diet
diseases of the stomach and intestines
blood loss
s/s of anemia - ANSWER weakness/fatigue
nail changes
cracked lips
drowsiness
heartache
fragility of hair
dry skin
pallor
blood transfusion reaction - ANSWER stop transfusion
run saline
monitor ABCs
With Complete Solutions
Electrolyte Lab Values - ANSWER Na 135-145 mEq/L
K 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Ca 9-11 mEq/L
Cl 98-106 mEq/L
CO2 21-30 mEq/L
BUN 10-20 mg/dL;
Cr <1.5 mg/dL;
glucose (fasting) 60-100 mg/dL
hyponatremia s/s - ANSWER lethargy
confusion
apprehension
seizures
coma
causes of hyponatremia - ANSWER vomiting
diarrhea
inadequate salt intake
diuretics
GI suctioning
hypernatremia s/s - ANSWER flushed skin/fever
restless
increased BP
edema
decreased urine output
skin flushed
agitated
thirst
, hypokalemia s/s - ANSWER shallow respirations
irratibility
confusion/drowsy
weakness
fatigue
arrhythmias (brady or tachycardia)
lethargy
thready pulse
interventions for hypokalemia - ANSWER assess EKG/ABGs
IV potassium (NEVER push)
green leafy veggie diet
monitor electrolytes
education on potassium rich foods
causes of hypokalemia - ANSWER vomiting
osmotic/thiazide/loop diuretics
corticosteroids
severe acid imbalance
hyperkalemia s/s - ANSWER muscle weakness
oliguria/anuria
respiratory distress
causes of anemia - ANSWER unbalanced diet
diseases of the stomach and intestines
blood loss
s/s of anemia - ANSWER weakness/fatigue
nail changes
cracked lips
drowsiness
heartache
fragility of hair
dry skin
pallor
blood transfusion reaction - ANSWER stop transfusion
run saline
monitor ABCs
