NR 341 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE
EXAMINATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULLY VERIFIED
●● Interpreting central venous pressure (CVP) readings
Answer: · 2-8 mmHg
· Same as Right Arterial Pressure
· Used to measure systemic and Pulmonary BP
· It is the right ventricular preload or right ventricular end-diastolic
pressure
· Pressure monitoring needs to be referenced and zero balanced by the
nearest stopcock (when patient changes position) and placed at the
phlebostatic axis
●● Priority of assessments and management for Burns
Answer: Small thermal burns (10% or less of TBSA) should be covered
with a clean, cool, tap water-dampened towel for the patient's comfort
and protection until medical care is available. Cooling of the injured area
(if small) within 1-minute helps minimize the depth of the injury
●● If the burn is large (greater than 10% TBSA) or an electrical or
inhalation burn is suspected and the patient is unresponsive, first focus
your attention on CAB:
,Answer: o Circulation: Check for presence of pulses and elevate the
burned limb(s) above the heart to decrease pain and swelling.
o Airway: Check for patency, soot around nares and on the tongue,
singed nasal hair, darkened oral or nasal membranes.
o Breathing: Check for adequacy of ventilation.
●● Preventing hypothermia in bruns
Answer: cool large burns for no more than 10 minutes. Do not immerse
the burned body part in cool water because it may cause extensive heat
loss.
Never cover a burn with ice, since this can cause hypothermia and
vasoconstriction of blood vessels, thus further reducing blood flow to the
injury.
Gently remove as much burned clothing as possible to prevent further
tissue damage. Leave adherent clothing in place until the patient is
transferred to a hospital.
Wrap the patient in a dry, clean sheet or blanket to prevent further
contamination of the wound and to provide warmth.
, ●● Chemical burns are best treated by
Answer: ·Quickly removing any chemical particles or powder from the
skin.
Remove all clothing containing the chemical because the burning
process continues while the chemical is in contact with the skin.
Flush the affected area with copious amounts of water to irrigate the skin
anywhere from 20 minutes to 2 hours postexposure.
Tap water is acceptable for flushing eyes exposed to chemicals.
Tissue destruction may continue for up to 72 hours after contact with
some chemicals.
●● inhalation injuries with burns
Answer: ·Signs of respiratory distress.
These patients need to be treated quickly and efficiently if they are to
survive.
If CO poisoning is suspected, treat the patient with 100% humidified O2.
Patients who have both body burns and an inhalation injury must be
transferred to the nearest burn center.
●● Escharotomy of burns
Answer: An escharotomy (an incision through the full-thickness eschar)
is frequently done after transfer to a burn center to restore circulation to
compromised extremities
EXAMINATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULLY VERIFIED
●● Interpreting central venous pressure (CVP) readings
Answer: · 2-8 mmHg
· Same as Right Arterial Pressure
· Used to measure systemic and Pulmonary BP
· It is the right ventricular preload or right ventricular end-diastolic
pressure
· Pressure monitoring needs to be referenced and zero balanced by the
nearest stopcock (when patient changes position) and placed at the
phlebostatic axis
●● Priority of assessments and management for Burns
Answer: Small thermal burns (10% or less of TBSA) should be covered
with a clean, cool, tap water-dampened towel for the patient's comfort
and protection until medical care is available. Cooling of the injured area
(if small) within 1-minute helps minimize the depth of the injury
●● If the burn is large (greater than 10% TBSA) or an electrical or
inhalation burn is suspected and the patient is unresponsive, first focus
your attention on CAB:
,Answer: o Circulation: Check for presence of pulses and elevate the
burned limb(s) above the heart to decrease pain and swelling.
o Airway: Check for patency, soot around nares and on the tongue,
singed nasal hair, darkened oral or nasal membranes.
o Breathing: Check for adequacy of ventilation.
●● Preventing hypothermia in bruns
Answer: cool large burns for no more than 10 minutes. Do not immerse
the burned body part in cool water because it may cause extensive heat
loss.
Never cover a burn with ice, since this can cause hypothermia and
vasoconstriction of blood vessels, thus further reducing blood flow to the
injury.
Gently remove as much burned clothing as possible to prevent further
tissue damage. Leave adherent clothing in place until the patient is
transferred to a hospital.
Wrap the patient in a dry, clean sheet or blanket to prevent further
contamination of the wound and to provide warmth.
, ●● Chemical burns are best treated by
Answer: ·Quickly removing any chemical particles or powder from the
skin.
Remove all clothing containing the chemical because the burning
process continues while the chemical is in contact with the skin.
Flush the affected area with copious amounts of water to irrigate the skin
anywhere from 20 minutes to 2 hours postexposure.
Tap water is acceptable for flushing eyes exposed to chemicals.
Tissue destruction may continue for up to 72 hours after contact with
some chemicals.
●● inhalation injuries with burns
Answer: ·Signs of respiratory distress.
These patients need to be treated quickly and efficiently if they are to
survive.
If CO poisoning is suspected, treat the patient with 100% humidified O2.
Patients who have both body burns and an inhalation injury must be
transferred to the nearest burn center.
●● Escharotomy of burns
Answer: An escharotomy (an incision through the full-thickness eschar)
is frequently done after transfer to a burn center to restore circulation to
compromised extremities
