NURSING • TESTBANK • PRACTICE QUESTIONS
TESTBANK
Fluid & Electrolytes
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Answers shown after each question
© MOh T
Original Educational Practice Questions
For Nursing Students
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only
,Testbank | Fluid & Electrolytes | © MOh T @moht
1. A patient with prolonged vomiting is most at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: A
2. Which laboratory value is most consistent with dehydration?
A. Decreased hematocrit
B. Elevated serum sodium
C. Low urine specific gravity
D. Decreased BUN
Answer: B
3. A client receiving furosemide is most likely to develop which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
4. The nurse notes a positive Chvostek’s sign. This finding is associated with:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: D
5. Which IV fluid is considered isotonic?
A. 0.45% NaCl
B. 3% NaCl
C. 0.9% NaCl
D. D5W after metabolism
Answer: C
6. A patient with SIADH is expected to have:
A. High serum sodium
B. Low serum sodium
C. High urine output
D. Dehydration
Answer: B
7. Which symptom is most characteristic of fluid volume overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Bounding pulses and crackles
C. Poor skin turgor
D. Tachycardia with hypotension
Answer: B
8. The priority nursing action for a patient with a serum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L is to:
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
C. Administer potassium chloride
D. Restrict protein intake
Answer: B
9. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. White rice
B. Apple
C. Banana
D. Cucumber
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, Testbank | Fluid & Electrolytes | © MOh T @moht
Answer: C
10. A patient with severe diarrhea is at risk for:
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Fluid volume excess
Answer: B
11. Trousseau’s sign is elicited by:
A. Tapping the facial nerve
B. Inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm
C. Checking deep tendon reflexes
D. Listening to bowel sounds
Answer: B
12. Which fluid is best for initial resuscitation of a hypovolemic trauma patient?
A. D5W
B. 0.45% NaCl
C. Lactated Ringer’s or 0.9% NaCl
D. 3% saline
Answer: C
13. A serum sodium of 118 mEq/L places the patient at greatest risk for:
A. Constipation
B. Seizures
C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
14. Which statement about hypertonic fluids is correct?
A. They cause fluid to shift into cells
B. They pull fluid from the interstitial and intracellular spaces into the vessels
C. They are used only for maintenance
D. They never require close monitoring
Answer: B
15. The nurse expects which finding in a patient with fluid volume deficit?
A. Weight gain
B. Distended neck veins
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Crackles in the lungs
Answer: C
16. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypomagnesemia only
Answer: B
17. A patient with chronic kidney disease is most likely to develop:
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia only
D. Low phosphate
Answer: B
18. Which assessment finding suggests hypomagnesemia?
A. Decreased deep tendon reflexes
B. Hyperactive reflexes and tremors
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 3
TESTBANK
Fluid & Electrolytes
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Answers shown after each question
© MOh T
Original Educational Practice Questions
For Nursing Students
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only
,Testbank | Fluid & Electrolytes | © MOh T @moht
1. A patient with prolonged vomiting is most at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: A
2. Which laboratory value is most consistent with dehydration?
A. Decreased hematocrit
B. Elevated serum sodium
C. Low urine specific gravity
D. Decreased BUN
Answer: B
3. A client receiving furosemide is most likely to develop which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
4. The nurse notes a positive Chvostek’s sign. This finding is associated with:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: D
5. Which IV fluid is considered isotonic?
A. 0.45% NaCl
B. 3% NaCl
C. 0.9% NaCl
D. D5W after metabolism
Answer: C
6. A patient with SIADH is expected to have:
A. High serum sodium
B. Low serum sodium
C. High urine output
D. Dehydration
Answer: B
7. Which symptom is most characteristic of fluid volume overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Bounding pulses and crackles
C. Poor skin turgor
D. Tachycardia with hypotension
Answer: B
8. The priority nursing action for a patient with a serum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L is to:
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
C. Administer potassium chloride
D. Restrict protein intake
Answer: B
9. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. White rice
B. Apple
C. Banana
D. Cucumber
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 2
, Testbank | Fluid & Electrolytes | © MOh T @moht
Answer: C
10. A patient with severe diarrhea is at risk for:
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Fluid volume excess
Answer: B
11. Trousseau’s sign is elicited by:
A. Tapping the facial nerve
B. Inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm
C. Checking deep tendon reflexes
D. Listening to bowel sounds
Answer: B
12. Which fluid is best for initial resuscitation of a hypovolemic trauma patient?
A. D5W
B. 0.45% NaCl
C. Lactated Ringer’s or 0.9% NaCl
D. 3% saline
Answer: C
13. A serum sodium of 118 mEq/L places the patient at greatest risk for:
A. Constipation
B. Seizures
C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
14. Which statement about hypertonic fluids is correct?
A. They cause fluid to shift into cells
B. They pull fluid from the interstitial and intracellular spaces into the vessels
C. They are used only for maintenance
D. They never require close monitoring
Answer: B
15. The nurse expects which finding in a patient with fluid volume deficit?
A. Weight gain
B. Distended neck veins
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Crackles in the lungs
Answer: C
16. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypomagnesemia only
Answer: B
17. A patient with chronic kidney disease is most likely to develop:
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia only
D. Low phosphate
Answer: B
18. Which assessment finding suggests hypomagnesemia?
A. Decreased deep tendon reflexes
B. Hyperactive reflexes and tremors
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 3
