lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE
Question 1 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has alcohol use disorder and was admitted with lower-extremity
fractures following a motor-vehicle crash. A few hours after admission, the client develops restlessness
and tremors. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client
first?
A. Acamprosate
B. Naltrexone
C. Chlordiazepoxide
D. Disulfiram
Correct Answer:
C. Chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide, a long-acting oral benzodiazepine, is a first-line medication for manifestations of acute
alcohol withdrawal. For clients who are nauseated or vomiting, another benzodiazepine such as
lorazepam can be administered via IV. The nurse should apply the acute versus chronic priority -setting
framework when caring for this client. In this framework, acute needs (i.e., manifestations of acute
alcohol withdrawal) are typically the priority because they pose more of a threat to the client. Since
chronic needs usually develop over a period, the client has more of an opportunity to adapt to the
alteration in health.
Question 2 out of 421
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is premenopausal and has a prescription for a
combination oral contraceptive. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as an adverse
effect of oral contraceptives?
A. Bone fractures
B. Deep-vein thrombosis
C. Increased LDL cholesterol
D. Increased risk of breast cancer
Correct Answer:
B. Deep-vein thrombosis
The nurse should include in the teaching that clients who are premenopausal and have a prescription
for a combination oral contraceptive containing estrogen are at an increased risk for developing a deep-
vein thrombosis, which is an adverse effect of this medication.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
Question 3 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the
following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity?
A. RNSuppression of dysrhythmias
B. Increase in atrioventricular (AV) conduction
C. Visual disturbances
D. Weight gain
Correct Answer:
C. Visual disturbances
The nurse should recognize that nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, fatigue, and visual disturbances
are common manifestations that can indicate that the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity.
Question 4 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving medication through a transdermal patch. The client
is experiencing therapeutic benefits from the medication even though the medication in the patch is no
longer active. The nurse should recognize that this is an example of which of the following?
A. Pharmacodynamic tolerance
B. Placebo effect
C. Metabolic tolerance
D. Tachyphylaxis
Correct Answer:
B. Placebo effect
The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing a placebo effect from the medication in the
transdermal patch. This occurs when a medication response is caused by psychological factors and not by
the biochemical or physiological properties of the medication.
Question 5 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hours postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of
following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client to prevent deep vein
thrombosis (DVT)?
A. Aspirin
B. Warfarin
C. Ticagrelor
D. Enoxaparin
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
Correct Answer:
D. Enoxaparin
RNThe nurse should anticipate the administration of enoxaparin for a client who is 12 hours
postoperativefollowing surgery. Enoxaparin is low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin that is used to
prevent a DVT byinhibiting the effects of antithrombin and thrombin.
Question 6 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking duloxetine to treat diabetic neuropathy pain. For
which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as a potential adverse effect of the
medication?
A. Urinary frequency
B. Increased appetite
C. Dry mouth
D. Decreased sweating
Correct Answer:
C. Dry mouth
The nurse should monitor the client for dry mouth as a potential adverse effect of duloxetine.
Question 7 out of 421
A nurse in a long-term care facility is administering medications to a group of older adult clients. Which
of the following factors of pharmacokinetics should the nurse consider when caring for this age group?
A. The excretion of medication is reduced.
B. The percentage of medication absorbed is increased.
C. The liver metabolizes medication more quickly.
D. Less medication is stored in fatty tissue.
Correct Answer:
A. The excretion of medication is reduced.
Due to decreased renal function and blood flow, older adult clients do not excrete medications as
quickly, which can contribute to the development of toxic levels of medication.
Question 8 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving a continuous morphine IV infusion and finds the
client's respiratory rate has decreased from 20 to 12/min. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Flush the IV line with saline
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
B. Administer flumazenil opioid toxicity
C. Lower the head of the bed
D. RNSlow the rate of the
infusion
Correct Answer:
D. Slow the rate of the infusion
The nurse should decrease the infusion rate to reduce the amount of morphine the client receives and to
lower the risk of respiratory depression.
Question 9 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and neurogenic bladder and is receiving
bethanechol. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates a
therapeutic action of the medication?
A. "My mouth seems very dry lately.”
B. "I've noticed my heart beating faster.”
C. "I am able to urinate more freely."
D. "I've noticed I can take a deep breath more easily.”
75% of exam takers got this question correct.”
Correct Answer:
C. "I am able to urinate more freely."
The nurse should identify that bethanechol is administered for the treatment of urinary retention. A
therapeutic effect is indicated by the client stating that urination now occurs more freely.
Question 10 out of 421
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking a medication and notes that the
client's blood tests show an elevated
level of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The nurse
should recognize that these findings are potential indications of which of the following conditions?
A. Renal dysfunction
B. Myelotoxicity
C. Hepatic toxicity
D. Cardiac dysrhythmia
Correct Answer:
C. Hepatic toxicity
PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE
Question 1 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has alcohol use disorder and was admitted with lower-extremity
fractures following a motor-vehicle crash. A few hours after admission, the client develops restlessness
and tremors. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client
first?
A. Acamprosate
B. Naltrexone
C. Chlordiazepoxide
D. Disulfiram
Correct Answer:
C. Chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide, a long-acting oral benzodiazepine, is a first-line medication for manifestations of acute
alcohol withdrawal. For clients who are nauseated or vomiting, another benzodiazepine such as
lorazepam can be administered via IV. The nurse should apply the acute versus chronic priority -setting
framework when caring for this client. In this framework, acute needs (i.e., manifestations of acute
alcohol withdrawal) are typically the priority because they pose more of a threat to the client. Since
chronic needs usually develop over a period, the client has more of an opportunity to adapt to the
alteration in health.
Question 2 out of 421
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is premenopausal and has a prescription for a
combination oral contraceptive. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as an adverse
effect of oral contraceptives?
A. Bone fractures
B. Deep-vein thrombosis
C. Increased LDL cholesterol
D. Increased risk of breast cancer
Correct Answer:
B. Deep-vein thrombosis
The nurse should include in the teaching that clients who are premenopausal and have a prescription
for a combination oral contraceptive containing estrogen are at an increased risk for developing a deep-
vein thrombosis, which is an adverse effect of this medication.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
Question 3 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the
following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity?
A. RNSuppression of dysrhythmias
B. Increase in atrioventricular (AV) conduction
C. Visual disturbances
D. Weight gain
Correct Answer:
C. Visual disturbances
The nurse should recognize that nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, fatigue, and visual disturbances
are common manifestations that can indicate that the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity.
Question 4 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving medication through a transdermal patch. The client
is experiencing therapeutic benefits from the medication even though the medication in the patch is no
longer active. The nurse should recognize that this is an example of which of the following?
A. Pharmacodynamic tolerance
B. Placebo effect
C. Metabolic tolerance
D. Tachyphylaxis
Correct Answer:
B. Placebo effect
The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing a placebo effect from the medication in the
transdermal patch. This occurs when a medication response is caused by psychological factors and not by
the biochemical or physiological properties of the medication.
Question 5 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hours postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of
following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client to prevent deep vein
thrombosis (DVT)?
A. Aspirin
B. Warfarin
C. Ticagrelor
D. Enoxaparin
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
Correct Answer:
D. Enoxaparin
RNThe nurse should anticipate the administration of enoxaparin for a client who is 12 hours
postoperativefollowing surgery. Enoxaparin is low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin that is used to
prevent a DVT byinhibiting the effects of antithrombin and thrombin.
Question 6 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking duloxetine to treat diabetic neuropathy pain. For
which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as a potential adverse effect of the
medication?
A. Urinary frequency
B. Increased appetite
C. Dry mouth
D. Decreased sweating
Correct Answer:
C. Dry mouth
The nurse should monitor the client for dry mouth as a potential adverse effect of duloxetine.
Question 7 out of 421
A nurse in a long-term care facility is administering medications to a group of older adult clients. Which
of the following factors of pharmacokinetics should the nurse consider when caring for this age group?
A. The excretion of medication is reduced.
B. The percentage of medication absorbed is increased.
C. The liver metabolizes medication more quickly.
D. Less medication is stored in fatty tissue.
Correct Answer:
A. The excretion of medication is reduced.
Due to decreased renal function and blood flow, older adult clients do not excrete medications as
quickly, which can contribute to the development of toxic levels of medication.
Question 8 out of 421
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving a continuous morphine IV infusion and finds the
client's respiratory rate has decreased from 20 to 12/min. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Flush the IV line with saline
, lOMoAR cPSD| 28775802
B. Administer flumazenil opioid toxicity
C. Lower the head of the bed
D. RNSlow the rate of the
infusion
Correct Answer:
D. Slow the rate of the infusion
The nurse should decrease the infusion rate to reduce the amount of morphine the client receives and to
lower the risk of respiratory depression.
Question 9 out of 421
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and neurogenic bladder and is receiving
bethanechol. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates a
therapeutic action of the medication?
A. "My mouth seems very dry lately.”
B. "I've noticed my heart beating faster.”
C. "I am able to urinate more freely."
D. "I've noticed I can take a deep breath more easily.”
75% of exam takers got this question correct.”
Correct Answer:
C. "I am able to urinate more freely."
The nurse should identify that bethanechol is administered for the treatment of urinary retention. A
therapeutic effect is indicated by the client stating that urination now occurs more freely.
Question 10 out of 421
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking a medication and notes that the
client's blood tests show an elevated
level of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The nurse
should recognize that these findings are potential indications of which of the following conditions?
A. Renal dysfunction
B. Myelotoxicity
C. Hepatic toxicity
D. Cardiac dysrhythmia
Correct Answer:
C. Hepatic toxicity
