NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology: Endocrine, Repro… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology:
Endocrine, Reproductive, and Bone Health 2026
UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology: Endocrine, Repro… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient is prescribed insulin lispro (Humalog). Which of the following instructions should
the nurse provide regarding the timing of administration?
A. Administer 30 to 60 minutes before a meal.
B. Administer within 15 minutes before or immediately after eating.
C. Administer at the same time every day, regardless of meals.
D. Administer only at bedtime.
Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 to 30 minutes. It must be administered in
close proximity to a meal to prevent hypoglycemia. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
2. Which lab value should the nurse prioritize monitoring for a patient taking Metformin
(Glucophage)?
A. Serum Potassium
B. Serum Amylase
C. Platelet count
D. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys. Impaired renal function (low GFR) increases the risk of lactic
acidosis, a potentially fatal complication. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct
answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education.
3. A patient with hypothyroidism is starting Levothyroxine (Synthroid). What is the most
important administration instruction?
A. Take the medication with a full meal to enhance absorption.
B. Take on an empty stomach 30–60 minutes before breakfast.
C. Take the medication at bedtime with a glass of milk.
D. Take the medication only when symptoms of fatigue occur.
Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure consistent absorption, as food and
many other medications can interfere with it. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept
from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in
clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology: Endocrine, Repro… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A patient taking Propylthiouracil (PTU) for hyperthyroidism reports a sore throat and fever.
What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Reassure the patient that these are common side effects.
B. Notify the provider and prepare for a CBC with differential.
C. Advise the patient to take acetaminophen and rest.
D. Instruct the patient to increase iodine intake.
Answer: B
Rationale: A sore throat and fever can indicate agranulocytosis, a rare but serious side effect of PTU
characterized by a severe drop in white blood cells. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
5. When teaching a patient about Alendronate (Fosamax), which instruction helps prevent
esophageal erosion?
A. Take the medication with orange juice.
B. Take the medication right before going to sleep.
C. Crush the tablet and mix it with applesauce.
D. Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the dose.
Answer: D
Rationale: Bisphosphonates like Alendronate can cause severe esophagitis. Patients must stay upright and
take it with a full glass of water on an empty stomach. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
6. Which of the following is a long-acting insulin with no peak of action?
A. Insulin NPH
B. Insulin Aspart
C. Insulin Glargine
D. Insulin Regular
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine (Lantus) provides a steady basal level of insulin for 24 hours without a defined peak,
reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology:
Endocrine, Reproductive, and Bone Health 2026
UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology: Endocrine, Repro… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient is prescribed insulin lispro (Humalog). Which of the following instructions should
the nurse provide regarding the timing of administration?
A. Administer 30 to 60 minutes before a meal.
B. Administer within 15 minutes before or immediately after eating.
C. Administer at the same time every day, regardless of meals.
D. Administer only at bedtime.
Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 to 30 minutes. It must be administered in
close proximity to a meal to prevent hypoglycemia. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
2. Which lab value should the nurse prioritize monitoring for a patient taking Metformin
(Glucophage)?
A. Serum Potassium
B. Serum Amylase
C. Platelet count
D. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys. Impaired renal function (low GFR) increases the risk of lactic
acidosis, a potentially fatal complication. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct
answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education.
3. A patient with hypothyroidism is starting Levothyroxine (Synthroid). What is the most
important administration instruction?
A. Take the medication with a full meal to enhance absorption.
B. Take on an empty stomach 30–60 minutes before breakfast.
C. Take the medication at bedtime with a glass of milk.
D. Take the medication only when symptoms of fatigue occur.
Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure consistent absorption, as food and
many other medications can interfere with it. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept
from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in
clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NURS 251 Module 9 Exam – Pharmacology: Endocrine, Repro… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A patient taking Propylthiouracil (PTU) for hyperthyroidism reports a sore throat and fever.
What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Reassure the patient that these are common side effects.
B. Notify the provider and prepare for a CBC with differential.
C. Advise the patient to take acetaminophen and rest.
D. Instruct the patient to increase iodine intake.
Answer: B
Rationale: A sore throat and fever can indicate agranulocytosis, a rare but serious side effect of PTU
characterized by a severe drop in white blood cells. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
5. When teaching a patient about Alendronate (Fosamax), which instruction helps prevent
esophageal erosion?
A. Take the medication with orange juice.
B. Take the medication right before going to sleep.
C. Crush the tablet and mix it with applesauce.
D. Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the dose.
Answer: D
Rationale: Bisphosphonates like Alendronate can cause severe esophagitis. Patients must stay upright and
take it with a full glass of water on an empty stomach. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
6. Which of the following is a long-acting insulin with no peak of action?
A. Insulin NPH
B. Insulin Aspart
C. Insulin Glargine
D. Insulin Regular
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine (Lantus) provides a steady basal level of insulin for 24 hours without a defined peak,
reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
