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Science Medicine
APEA Predictor Exam Study
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Flashcard sets Study guides
Glaucoma + andergic drugs+choline... Lesson 5 pt 2 Hormones to know a
15 terms 88 terms 5 terms
ebucha10 Preview C_amryn527 Preview gabelbc08
Terms in this set (116)
First-Pass Effect 1. CYP450 metabolizes the drug in the liver to release the drug to
the body where it can be used.
1. What cytochrome metabolizes 2. Active
a medication drug during the 3. True
FIRST-PASS Effect?
2. CYP450 enzyme is the most
_____________.
3. It can either be induced or
inhibited (T/F)
1. Increase in fat-to-water ratio, decrease in liver function,
Pharmacokinetics decrease in GFR
1. What are age-related
changes?
(Distribution, Metabolism,
Excretion)?
Pharmacology: Cardiac 1. Second and Third
Glycosides 2. N/V, Hyperkalemia, Confusion, visual color changes
3. Digoxin level, CMP, EKG
1. What order of line of 4. Digoxin-specific antibodies
treatment is Digoxin?
2. Signs of Digoxin Overdose
3. Laboratory tests
4. Treatment
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Pharmacology: Warfarin 1. X
(Coumadin) 2. 2.0-3.0, 2.5-3.5
3. Cardiologist or anticoagulation clinic
1. Category ____ for pregnancy. 4. Check every 2-4 weeks up to 12 weeks.
2. Target INR for patients without 5. Continue warfarin dose, retest INR in 1-2 weeks.
mitral prosthetic valves? With 6. Omit one dose, recheck INR.
prosthetic valves? 7. Take the dose as soon as possible. Do not double dose.
3. Referral to ________ for initiation 8. Vitamin K foods
and stabilization of warfarin
dose.
4. How often do you check for
consistently stable INR?
5. How often do you check for
single out-of-range INR?
6. What do you educate the
patient to do if the INR less than
5 with no significant bleeding
risk?
7. If one dose is missed, what do
you do?
8. What kind of foods to avoid
messing up the INR?
Pharmacology: Direct Oran 1. Less monitoring and less side effects
Anticoagulants (DOAC) 2. Apixaban (Eliquis)
3. 10 days
1. Why are DOACs better than
Warfarin?
2. Example of DOACs?
3. How long does it take for
platelet function to return to
normal after a patient stops
taking Plavix?
Pharmacology: Thiazide 1. HCTZ, Chlorthalidone
Diuretics 2. Sulfa allergy
3. Hykpokalemia, increases uric acid and increases LDL
1. Examples 4. Calcium, True
2. Contraindication
3. Adverse effects
4. Patients with osteoporosis
receive an extra benefit from
thiazide diuretics by reducing
__________ excretion (T/F)
Pharmacology: Potassium- 1. Triamterene, Amiloride
Sparing Diuretics 2. Hyperkalemia
3. Elevates K+ levels
1. Examples 4. ACEIs and ARBs
2. Contraindication
3. Adverse effects
4. Do not combine with which
cardiac drugs to prevent
hyperkalemia?
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Pharmacology: Loop Diuretics 1. Furosemide
2. Sulfa Allergy
1. Examples 3. Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia
2. Contraindication/Allergy 4. Ototoxicity
3. Adverse effects
4. Which toxicity with loop
diuretics can occur?
Pharmacology: ACEIs and ARBs 1. Lisinopril, Losartan
2. Pregnancy
1. Examples 3. Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, Angioedema
2. Black Box 4. Heart Failure w/ left ventricular dysfinction (HFrEF)
Warning/Contraindications 5. No, because severe CKD and ACEIs and ARBs will lead to
3. Adverse Effects increased risk of hyperkalemia.
4. ACEIs are first-line therapy for
5. ACEIs and ARBs protect the
kidneys. But if severe CKD,
should you continue ACEIs and
ARBs? Why?
Pharmacology: CCBs 1. Dihydropyridines: Amlodipine, Nifedipine
Nondihydropyridines: Verapamil, Diltiazem
1. Two types and Examples of 2. Heart block and Heart Failure
both types 3. Vasodilation
2. Cardiac contraindications for
Nondihydropyridines
3. Why does pedal edema occur
with dihydropyridines?
Pharmacology: BBs 1. Asthma, COPD
2. Bronchospasm
1. Contraindications
2. Adverse Effets
Pharmacology: Tetracyclines 1. Doxycycline
2. Permanent Discoloration
1. Examples: 3. Photosensitivity
2. Avoid use during pregnancy
and breastfeeding due to _________
of teeth.
3. Sensitivity to what?
Pharmacology: Macrolides 1. Azithromycin, Erythromycin
2. Hepatotoxicity
1. Examples: 3. Azithromycin
2. Type of toxicity
3. Which is the most tolerated
macrolide from GI side effects
of Nausea and vomiting?
https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow
Science Medicine
APEA Predictor Exam Study
Leave the first rating
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
Glaucoma + andergic drugs+choline... Lesson 5 pt 2 Hormones to know a
15 terms 88 terms 5 terms
ebucha10 Preview C_amryn527 Preview gabelbc08
Terms in this set (116)
First-Pass Effect 1. CYP450 metabolizes the drug in the liver to release the drug to
the body where it can be used.
1. What cytochrome metabolizes 2. Active
a medication drug during the 3. True
FIRST-PASS Effect?
2. CYP450 enzyme is the most
_____________.
3. It can either be induced or
inhibited (T/F)
1. Increase in fat-to-water ratio, decrease in liver function,
Pharmacokinetics decrease in GFR
1. What are age-related
changes?
(Distribution, Metabolism,
Excretion)?
Pharmacology: Cardiac 1. Second and Third
Glycosides 2. N/V, Hyperkalemia, Confusion, visual color changes
3. Digoxin level, CMP, EKG
1. What order of line of 4. Digoxin-specific antibodies
treatment is Digoxin?
2. Signs of Digoxin Overdose
3. Laboratory tests
4. Treatment
https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow
Pharmacology: Warfarin 1. X
(Coumadin) 2. 2.0-3.0, 2.5-3.5
3. Cardiologist or anticoagulation clinic
1. Category ____ for pregnancy. 4. Check every 2-4 weeks up to 12 weeks.
2. Target INR for patients without 5. Continue warfarin dose, retest INR in 1-2 weeks.
mitral prosthetic valves? With 6. Omit one dose, recheck INR.
prosthetic valves? 7. Take the dose as soon as possible. Do not double dose.
3. Referral to ________ for initiation 8. Vitamin K foods
and stabilization of warfarin
dose.
4. How often do you check for
consistently stable INR?
5. How often do you check for
single out-of-range INR?
6. What do you educate the
patient to do if the INR less than
5 with no significant bleeding
risk?
7. If one dose is missed, what do
you do?
8. What kind of foods to avoid
messing up the INR?
Pharmacology: Direct Oran 1. Less monitoring and less side effects
Anticoagulants (DOAC) 2. Apixaban (Eliquis)
3. 10 days
1. Why are DOACs better than
Warfarin?
2. Example of DOACs?
3. How long does it take for
platelet function to return to
normal after a patient stops
taking Plavix?
Pharmacology: Thiazide 1. HCTZ, Chlorthalidone
Diuretics 2. Sulfa allergy
3. Hykpokalemia, increases uric acid and increases LDL
1. Examples 4. Calcium, True
2. Contraindication
3. Adverse effects
4. Patients with osteoporosis
receive an extra benefit from
thiazide diuretics by reducing
__________ excretion (T/F)
Pharmacology: Potassium- 1. Triamterene, Amiloride
Sparing Diuretics 2. Hyperkalemia
3. Elevates K+ levels
1. Examples 4. ACEIs and ARBs
2. Contraindication
3. Adverse effects
4. Do not combine with which
cardiac drugs to prevent
hyperkalemia?
https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow https://www.stuvia.com/user/passnursingnow
Pharmacology: Loop Diuretics 1. Furosemide
2. Sulfa Allergy
1. Examples 3. Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia
2. Contraindication/Allergy 4. Ototoxicity
3. Adverse effects
4. Which toxicity with loop
diuretics can occur?
Pharmacology: ACEIs and ARBs 1. Lisinopril, Losartan
2. Pregnancy
1. Examples 3. Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, Angioedema
2. Black Box 4. Heart Failure w/ left ventricular dysfinction (HFrEF)
Warning/Contraindications 5. No, because severe CKD and ACEIs and ARBs will lead to
3. Adverse Effects increased risk of hyperkalemia.
4. ACEIs are first-line therapy for
5. ACEIs and ARBs protect the
kidneys. But if severe CKD,
should you continue ACEIs and
ARBs? Why?
Pharmacology: CCBs 1. Dihydropyridines: Amlodipine, Nifedipine
Nondihydropyridines: Verapamil, Diltiazem
1. Two types and Examples of 2. Heart block and Heart Failure
both types 3. Vasodilation
2. Cardiac contraindications for
Nondihydropyridines
3. Why does pedal edema occur
with dihydropyridines?
Pharmacology: BBs 1. Asthma, COPD
2. Bronchospasm
1. Contraindications
2. Adverse Effets
Pharmacology: Tetracyclines 1. Doxycycline
2. Permanent Discoloration
1. Examples: 3. Photosensitivity
2. Avoid use during pregnancy
and breastfeeding due to _________
of teeth.
3. Sensitivity to what?
Pharmacology: Macrolides 1. Azithromycin, Erythromycin
2. Hepatotoxicity
1. Examples: 3. Azithromycin
2. Type of toxicity
3. Which is the most tolerated
macrolide from GI side effects
of Nausea and vomiting?
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