ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED NGN ACTUAL REAL
NEWEST VERSION ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 140 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection and
is receiving an antibiotic. Which of the following medications
places the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
A) Rifampin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Penicillin G
D) Gentamicin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is associated
with ototoxicity, which can cause irreversible hearing loss and
vestibular damage. The risk of ototoxicity is increased with
prolonged use, high doses, and concurrent use of other ototoxic
medications such as loop diuretics. Option A, rifampin, is an
antituberculosis medication that can cause hepatotoxicity and
orange discoloration of body fluids but is not associated with
hearing loss. Option B, ciprofloxacin, is a fluoroquinolone
antibiotic that can cause tendonitis and tendon rupture but is
not primarily associated with hearing loss. Option C, penicillin
G, is a beta-lactam antibiotic that can cause allergic reactions
but is not associated with ototoxicity. The nurse should monitor
,the client's hearing and renal function during gentamicin
therapy.
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a school-age child who has a
new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which
of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Soak the inhaler in water after use."
B) "Have your child take one inhalation as needed for shortness
of breath."
C) "Shake the device prior to administration."
D) "A spacer will make it easier to use the device."
E) "Rinse your child's mouth following administration."
Correct Answers: C, D, E
Rationale
C) "Shake the device prior to administration" is correct. The
inhaler should be shaken before each use to ensure proper
mixing of the medication.
D) "A spacer will make it easier to use the device" is correct. A
spacer device helps ensure that the medication reaches the
lungs rather than being deposited in the mouth and throat,
improving drug delivery and reducing side effects.
E) "Rinse your child's mouth following administration" is
correct. Rinsing the mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler
,(fluticasone) helps prevent oral candidiasis (thrush).
A) "Soak the inhaler in water after use" is incorrect. The inhaler
should be cleaned according to the manufacturer's instructions,
typically by wiping the mouthpiece with a dry cloth, not soaking
in water.
B) "Have your child take one inhalation as needed for
shortness of breath" is incorrect. Fluticasone is a maintenance
medication used for long-term control of asthma, not for acute
symptom relief. It should be taken daily as prescribed, not as
needed for shortness of breath.
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride elixir 20
mEq/day PO to divide equally every 12 hours. Available is 6.7
mEq/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per
dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading
zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 7.5 mL
Rationale
The total daily dose is 20 mEq, divided equally every 12 hours
means 10 mEq per dose. Using the formula: (Desired dose ÷
Available concentration) × Volume = (10 mEq ÷ 6.7 mEq) × 5 mL
= 1.4925 × 5 = 7.4626 mL, rounded to 7.5 mL. The nurse should
administer 7.5 mL per dose. The nurse should use a calibrated
oral syringe to measure the correct volume and ensure the elixir
is well-mixed before administration.
, A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for a
daily dose of lovastatin extended release. Which of the
following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy."
B) "Avoid consuming dairy products while taking this
medication."
C) "You may crush the medication and mix it with applesauce."
D) "You should take the medication in the morning."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Lovastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to
lower cholesterol. Baseline and periodic liver function tests
(AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase) should be obtained before and
during therapy to monitor for hepatotoxicity. Option B is
incorrect because dairy products do not need to be avoided.
Option C is incorrect because extended-release formulations
should not be crushed or chewed; they should be swallowed
whole. Option D is incorrect because lovastatin should be taken
with the evening meal to maximize absorption and
effectiveness. The nurse should also instruct the client to report
muscle pain, weakness, or dark urine.
NEWEST VERSION ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 140 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection and
is receiving an antibiotic. Which of the following medications
places the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
A) Rifampin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Penicillin G
D) Gentamicin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is associated
with ototoxicity, which can cause irreversible hearing loss and
vestibular damage. The risk of ototoxicity is increased with
prolonged use, high doses, and concurrent use of other ototoxic
medications such as loop diuretics. Option A, rifampin, is an
antituberculosis medication that can cause hepatotoxicity and
orange discoloration of body fluids but is not associated with
hearing loss. Option B, ciprofloxacin, is a fluoroquinolone
antibiotic that can cause tendonitis and tendon rupture but is
not primarily associated with hearing loss. Option C, penicillin
G, is a beta-lactam antibiotic that can cause allergic reactions
but is not associated with ototoxicity. The nurse should monitor
,the client's hearing and renal function during gentamicin
therapy.
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a school-age child who has a
new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which
of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Soak the inhaler in water after use."
B) "Have your child take one inhalation as needed for shortness
of breath."
C) "Shake the device prior to administration."
D) "A spacer will make it easier to use the device."
E) "Rinse your child's mouth following administration."
Correct Answers: C, D, E
Rationale
C) "Shake the device prior to administration" is correct. The
inhaler should be shaken before each use to ensure proper
mixing of the medication.
D) "A spacer will make it easier to use the device" is correct. A
spacer device helps ensure that the medication reaches the
lungs rather than being deposited in the mouth and throat,
improving drug delivery and reducing side effects.
E) "Rinse your child's mouth following administration" is
correct. Rinsing the mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler
,(fluticasone) helps prevent oral candidiasis (thrush).
A) "Soak the inhaler in water after use" is incorrect. The inhaler
should be cleaned according to the manufacturer's instructions,
typically by wiping the mouthpiece with a dry cloth, not soaking
in water.
B) "Have your child take one inhalation as needed for
shortness of breath" is incorrect. Fluticasone is a maintenance
medication used for long-term control of asthma, not for acute
symptom relief. It should be taken daily as prescribed, not as
needed for shortness of breath.
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride elixir 20
mEq/day PO to divide equally every 12 hours. Available is 6.7
mEq/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per
dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading
zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 7.5 mL
Rationale
The total daily dose is 20 mEq, divided equally every 12 hours
means 10 mEq per dose. Using the formula: (Desired dose ÷
Available concentration) × Volume = (10 mEq ÷ 6.7 mEq) × 5 mL
= 1.4925 × 5 = 7.4626 mL, rounded to 7.5 mL. The nurse should
administer 7.5 mL per dose. The nurse should use a calibrated
oral syringe to measure the correct volume and ensure the elixir
is well-mixed before administration.
, A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for a
daily dose of lovastatin extended release. Which of the
following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy."
B) "Avoid consuming dairy products while taking this
medication."
C) "You may crush the medication and mix it with applesauce."
D) "You should take the medication in the morning."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Lovastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to
lower cholesterol. Baseline and periodic liver function tests
(AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase) should be obtained before and
during therapy to monitor for hepatotoxicity. Option B is
incorrect because dairy products do not need to be avoided.
Option C is incorrect because extended-release formulations
should not be crushed or chewed; they should be swallowed
whole. Option D is incorrect because lovastatin should be taken
with the evening meal to maximize absorption and
effectiveness. The nurse should also instruct the client to report
muscle pain, weakness, or dark urine.
