NUR 155: Nutrition + Fluid and Electrolytes –
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Terms in this set (235)
Nutrition The body taking in + using the right amounts of food to
grow tissue and make energy
Nutrients The good stuff IN food — gives energy, builds
bones/muscles/skin, keeps body systems running
Malnutrition When what you eat doesn't match what your body
needs (too much OR too little)
,Metabolism All the chemical reactions that keep you alive — turning
food into energy
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) The minimum energy your body needs just to stay alive
while resting and awake
Anabolism Building things up (constructive) — building/repairing
tissue and cells
Catabolism Breaking things down (destructive) — breaking complex
stuff into simple stuff for energy
BMI Formula BMI = Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2
BMI Range: Underweight < 18.5
BMI Range: Normal Weight 18.5 - 24.9
BMI Range: Overweight 25.0 - 29.9
BMI Range: Obese (Class 1) 30.0 - 34.9
BMI Range: Obese (Class 2) 35.0 - 39.9
BMI Range: Extreme Obesity (Class 3) ≥ 40.0
Macronutrients Things your body needs in LARGE amounts. Think: carbs,
fats, proteins, water.
Carbohydrates PRIMARY Energy Source
, Simple Carbs Break down FAST → quick energy. Examples: table
sugar, fruit (fructose), milk (lactose), blood sugar
(glucose)
Complex Carbs Break down SLOW → sustained energy. Examples:
bread, rice, pasta, beans, starchy veggies
Fiber (Complex) Cannot be fully digested. Two types: Soluble (forms gel,
slows digestion) and Insoluble (adds bulk, speeds up
waste movement)
Fats (Lipids) 9 kilocalories (kcal) per gram — highest energy density!
Saturated Fatty Acids Many H atoms, NO double bonds → UNHEALTHY
Monounsaturated ONE double bond → healthier
Polyunsaturated MULTIPLE double bonds → healthier
Trans Fatty Acids Partially hydrogenated → RAISES bad cholesterol
Omega-3 (essential) Must get from food — body can't make it
Proteins 4 kilocalories (kcal) per gram
Complete Proteins Have ALL essential amino acids. Sources: milk, eggs,
cheese, fish, meat, poultry, SOYBEANS (only plant
source!)
Water Makes up ~60% of adult body weight
Questions & A+ Answers
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Terms in this set (235)
Nutrition The body taking in + using the right amounts of food to
grow tissue and make energy
Nutrients The good stuff IN food — gives energy, builds
bones/muscles/skin, keeps body systems running
Malnutrition When what you eat doesn't match what your body
needs (too much OR too little)
,Metabolism All the chemical reactions that keep you alive — turning
food into energy
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) The minimum energy your body needs just to stay alive
while resting and awake
Anabolism Building things up (constructive) — building/repairing
tissue and cells
Catabolism Breaking things down (destructive) — breaking complex
stuff into simple stuff for energy
BMI Formula BMI = Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2
BMI Range: Underweight < 18.5
BMI Range: Normal Weight 18.5 - 24.9
BMI Range: Overweight 25.0 - 29.9
BMI Range: Obese (Class 1) 30.0 - 34.9
BMI Range: Obese (Class 2) 35.0 - 39.9
BMI Range: Extreme Obesity (Class 3) ≥ 40.0
Macronutrients Things your body needs in LARGE amounts. Think: carbs,
fats, proteins, water.
Carbohydrates PRIMARY Energy Source
, Simple Carbs Break down FAST → quick energy. Examples: table
sugar, fruit (fructose), milk (lactose), blood sugar
(glucose)
Complex Carbs Break down SLOW → sustained energy. Examples:
bread, rice, pasta, beans, starchy veggies
Fiber (Complex) Cannot be fully digested. Two types: Soluble (forms gel,
slows digestion) and Insoluble (adds bulk, speeds up
waste movement)
Fats (Lipids) 9 kilocalories (kcal) per gram — highest energy density!
Saturated Fatty Acids Many H atoms, NO double bonds → UNHEALTHY
Monounsaturated ONE double bond → healthier
Polyunsaturated MULTIPLE double bonds → healthier
Trans Fatty Acids Partially hydrogenated → RAISES bad cholesterol
Omega-3 (essential) Must get from food — body can't make it
Proteins 4 kilocalories (kcal) per gram
Complete Proteins Have ALL essential amino acids. Sources: milk, eggs,
cheese, fish, meat, poultry, SOYBEANS (only plant
source!)
Water Makes up ~60% of adult body weight
