AWS SECURITY MOCK EXAM
A. Use the AWS CloudTrail console to search for user The Security team believes that a former employee may have gained unauthorized
activity. access to AWS resources sometime in the past 3 months by using an identified
access key. What approach would enable the Security team to find out what the
former employee may have done within AWS?
A. Call the abort-vault-lock operation, fix the typo, and call The Security Engineer implemented a new vault lock policy for 10TB of data and
the initiate-vault-lock again. called initiatevault-lock 12 hours ago. The Audit team identified a typo that is
allowing incorrect access to the vault. What is the MOST cost-effective way to
correct this?
C. AWS IAM roles A company wants to control access to its AWS resources by using identities and
groups that are defined in its existing Microsoft Active Directory. What must the
company create in its AWS account to map permissions for AWS services to Active
Directory user attributes?
C. The Auditor has not been granted sts:AssumeRole for A company has contracted with a third party to audit several AWS accounts. To
the role in the destination account. enable the audit, cross-account IAM roles have been created in each account
E. The secret key used by the Auditor is missing or targeted for audit. The Auditor is having trouble accessing some of the accounts.
incorrect. Which of the following may be causing this problem? (Choose three.)
F. The role ARN used by the Auditor is missing or incorrect.
B. Route all traffic through a TCP listener on a Classic Compliance requirements state that all communications between company on-
Load Balancer, and terminate the TLS connection on the premises hosts and EC2 instances be encrypted in transit. Hosts use custom
EC2 instances. proprietary protocols for their communication, and EC2 instances need to be fronted
by a load balancer for increased availability. Which of the following solutions will
meet these requirements?
B. Move the web servers to private subnets without public An application is currently secured using network access control lists and security
IP addresses. groups. Web servers are located in public subnets behind an Application Load
C. Configure AWS WAF to provide DDoS attack protection Balancer (ALB); application servers are located in private subnets. How can edge
for the ALB. security be enhanced to safeguard the Amazon EC2 instances against attack?
(Choose two.)
C. Create an organizational unit (OU) in Organizations with A Security Administrator is restricting the capabilities of company root user
a service control policy that controls usage of the root user. accounts. The company uses AWS Organizations and has enabled it for all feature
Add all operational accounts to the new OU. sets, including consolidated billing. The top-level account is used for billing and
administrative purposes, not for operational AWS resource purposes. How can the
Administrator restrict usage of member root user accounts across the organization?
C. email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 587 A Systems Engineer has been tasked with configuring outbound mail through
Simple Email Service (SES) and requires compliance with current TLS standards.
The mail application should be configured to connect to which of the following
endpoints and corresponding ports?
A. Bypass the proxy and use an S3 VPC endpoint with a A threat assessment has identified a risk whereby an internal employee could
policy that whitelists only certain S3 buckets within Account exfiltrate sensitive data from production host running inside AWS (Account 1). The
1. threat was documented as follows: Threat description: A malicious actor could
C. Configure Network ACLs on Server X to deny access to upload sensitive data from Server X by configuring credentials for an AWS account
S3 endpoints. (Account 2) they control and uploading data to an Amazon S3 bucket within their
control. Server X has outbound internet access configured via a proxy server.
Legitimate access to S3 is required so that the application can upload encrypted
files to an S3 bucket. Server X is currently using an IAM instance role. The proxy
server is not able to inspect any of the server communication due to TLS
encryption. Which of the following options will mitigate the threat? (Choose two.)
A. Create a Customer Master Key (CMK) for each data A company will store sensitive documents in three Amazon S3 buckets based on a
classification type, and enable the rotation of it annually. data classification scheme of "Sensitive," "Confidential," and "Restricted." The
For the "Restricted" CMK, define the MFA policy within the security solution must meet all of the following requirements: Each object must be
key policy. Use S3 SSEKMS to encrypt the objects. encrypted using a unique key. Items that are stored in the "Restricted" bucket
require two-factor authentication for decryption. AWS KMS must automatically
rotate encryption keys annually. Which of the following meets these requirements?
, AWS SECURITY MOCK EXAM
D. Store the database credentials in AWS Secrets An organization wants to deploy a three-tier web application whereby the
Manager. Create an IAM role with access to Secrets application servers run on Amazon EC2 instances. These EC2 instances need
Manager by using the EC2 and Lambda service principals access to credentials that they will use to authenticate their SQL connections to an
in the role's trust policy. Add the role to an EC2 instance Amazon RDS DB instance. Also, AWS Lambda functions must issue queries to the
profile. Attach the instance profile to the EC2 instances. RDS database by using the same database credentials. The credentials must be
Set up Lambda to use the new role for execution. stored so that the EC2 instances and the Lambda functions can access them. No
other access is allowed. The access logs must record when the credentials were
accessed and by whom. What should the Security Engineer do to meet these
requirements?
D. Create a new CMK, import new key material to it, and A company has a customer master key (CMK) with imported key materials.
point the key alias to the new CMK. Company policy requires that all encryption keys must be rotated every year. What
can be done to implement the above policy?
A. Use AWS Systems Manager to store the credentials as A water utility company uses a number of Amazon EC2 instances to manage
Secure Strings Parameters. Secure by using an AWS KMS updates to a fleet of 2,000 Internet of Things (IoT) field devices that monitor water
key. quality. These devices each have unique access credentials. An operational safety
policy requires that access to specific credentials is independently auditable. What
is the MOST cost-effective way to manage the storage of credentials?
B. Verify that the permissions used by the agent allow An organization is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs with agents deployed on its
creation of log groups/streams and to put log events Linux Amazon EC2 instances. The agent configuration files have been checked and
C. Check whether any application log entries were rejected the application log files to be pushed are configured correctly. A review has
because of invalid time stamps by reviewing identified that logging from specific instances is missing. Which steps should be
/var/cwlogs/rejects.log. taken to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)
A. Use AWS Config to review the IAM policy assigned to A Security Engineer must design a solution that enables the Incident Response
users before and after the incident. team to audit for changes to a user's IAM permissions in the case of a security
incident. How can this be accomplished?
B. Use the operating system built-in, host-based firewall to A company has complex connectivity rules governing ingress, egress, and
implement the required rules. communications between Amazon EC2 instances. The rules are so complex that
they cannot be implemented within the limits of the maximum number of security
groups and network access control lists (network ACLs). What mechanism will allow
the company to implement all required network rules without incurring additional
cost?
C.kms:CreateGrant An IAM user with fill EC2 permissions could bot start an Amazon EC2 instance after
E. "Condition": { "Bool": { "kms:GrantIsForAWSResource": it was stopped for a maintenance task. Upon starting the instance, the instance
true } } state would change to "Pending", but after a few seconds, it would switch back to
"Stopped". An inspection revealed that the instance has attached Amazon EBS
volumes that were encrypted by using a Customer Master Key (CMK). When these
encrypted volumes were detached, the IAM user was able to start the EC2
instances. The IAM user policy is as follows:
What additional items need to be added to the IAM user policy? (Choose two.)
A. Associate an origin access identity with the CloudFront A Security Administrator has a website hosted in Amazon S3. The Administrator has
distribution. been given the following requirements: Users may access the website by using an
C. Modify the S3 bucket permissions so that only the origin Amazon CloudFront distribution. Users may not access the website directly by using
access identity can access the bucket contents. an Amazon S3 URL. Which configurations will support these requirements?
(Choose two.)
B. The Security Engineer does not have permissions to A Security Engineer has created an Amazon CloudWatch event that invokes an
start the Athena query execution. AWS Lambda function daily. The Lambda function runs an Amazon Athena query
that checks AWS CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 to detect whether any IAM user
accounts or credentials have been created in the past 30 days. The results of the
Athena query are created in the same S3 bucket. The Engineer runs a test
execution of the Lambda function via the AWS Console, and the function runs
successfully. After several minutes, the Engineer finds that his Athena query has
failed with the error message: "Insufficient Permissions". The IAM permissions of
the Security Engineer and the Lambda function are shown below: Security Engineer
A. Configure a proxy solution on Amazon EC2 and route A company requires that IP packet data be inspected for invalid or malicious
all outbound VPC traffic through it. Perform inspection content. Which of the following approaches achieve this requirement? (Choose
within proxy software on the EC2 instance. two.)
C. Enable VPC Flow Logs for all subnets in the VPC.
Perform inspection from the Flow Log data within Amazon
CloudWatch Logs.
A. Use the AWS CloudTrail console to search for user The Security team believes that a former employee may have gained unauthorized
activity. access to AWS resources sometime in the past 3 months by using an identified
access key. What approach would enable the Security team to find out what the
former employee may have done within AWS?
A. Call the abort-vault-lock operation, fix the typo, and call The Security Engineer implemented a new vault lock policy for 10TB of data and
the initiate-vault-lock again. called initiatevault-lock 12 hours ago. The Audit team identified a typo that is
allowing incorrect access to the vault. What is the MOST cost-effective way to
correct this?
C. AWS IAM roles A company wants to control access to its AWS resources by using identities and
groups that are defined in its existing Microsoft Active Directory. What must the
company create in its AWS account to map permissions for AWS services to Active
Directory user attributes?
C. The Auditor has not been granted sts:AssumeRole for A company has contracted with a third party to audit several AWS accounts. To
the role in the destination account. enable the audit, cross-account IAM roles have been created in each account
E. The secret key used by the Auditor is missing or targeted for audit. The Auditor is having trouble accessing some of the accounts.
incorrect. Which of the following may be causing this problem? (Choose three.)
F. The role ARN used by the Auditor is missing or incorrect.
B. Route all traffic through a TCP listener on a Classic Compliance requirements state that all communications between company on-
Load Balancer, and terminate the TLS connection on the premises hosts and EC2 instances be encrypted in transit. Hosts use custom
EC2 instances. proprietary protocols for their communication, and EC2 instances need to be fronted
by a load balancer for increased availability. Which of the following solutions will
meet these requirements?
B. Move the web servers to private subnets without public An application is currently secured using network access control lists and security
IP addresses. groups. Web servers are located in public subnets behind an Application Load
C. Configure AWS WAF to provide DDoS attack protection Balancer (ALB); application servers are located in private subnets. How can edge
for the ALB. security be enhanced to safeguard the Amazon EC2 instances against attack?
(Choose two.)
C. Create an organizational unit (OU) in Organizations with A Security Administrator is restricting the capabilities of company root user
a service control policy that controls usage of the root user. accounts. The company uses AWS Organizations and has enabled it for all feature
Add all operational accounts to the new OU. sets, including consolidated billing. The top-level account is used for billing and
administrative purposes, not for operational AWS resource purposes. How can the
Administrator restrict usage of member root user accounts across the organization?
C. email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 587 A Systems Engineer has been tasked with configuring outbound mail through
Simple Email Service (SES) and requires compliance with current TLS standards.
The mail application should be configured to connect to which of the following
endpoints and corresponding ports?
A. Bypass the proxy and use an S3 VPC endpoint with a A threat assessment has identified a risk whereby an internal employee could
policy that whitelists only certain S3 buckets within Account exfiltrate sensitive data from production host running inside AWS (Account 1). The
1. threat was documented as follows: Threat description: A malicious actor could
C. Configure Network ACLs on Server X to deny access to upload sensitive data from Server X by configuring credentials for an AWS account
S3 endpoints. (Account 2) they control and uploading data to an Amazon S3 bucket within their
control. Server X has outbound internet access configured via a proxy server.
Legitimate access to S3 is required so that the application can upload encrypted
files to an S3 bucket. Server X is currently using an IAM instance role. The proxy
server is not able to inspect any of the server communication due to TLS
encryption. Which of the following options will mitigate the threat? (Choose two.)
A. Create a Customer Master Key (CMK) for each data A company will store sensitive documents in three Amazon S3 buckets based on a
classification type, and enable the rotation of it annually. data classification scheme of "Sensitive," "Confidential," and "Restricted." The
For the "Restricted" CMK, define the MFA policy within the security solution must meet all of the following requirements: Each object must be
key policy. Use S3 SSEKMS to encrypt the objects. encrypted using a unique key. Items that are stored in the "Restricted" bucket
require two-factor authentication for decryption. AWS KMS must automatically
rotate encryption keys annually. Which of the following meets these requirements?
, AWS SECURITY MOCK EXAM
D. Store the database credentials in AWS Secrets An organization wants to deploy a three-tier web application whereby the
Manager. Create an IAM role with access to Secrets application servers run on Amazon EC2 instances. These EC2 instances need
Manager by using the EC2 and Lambda service principals access to credentials that they will use to authenticate their SQL connections to an
in the role's trust policy. Add the role to an EC2 instance Amazon RDS DB instance. Also, AWS Lambda functions must issue queries to the
profile. Attach the instance profile to the EC2 instances. RDS database by using the same database credentials. The credentials must be
Set up Lambda to use the new role for execution. stored so that the EC2 instances and the Lambda functions can access them. No
other access is allowed. The access logs must record when the credentials were
accessed and by whom. What should the Security Engineer do to meet these
requirements?
D. Create a new CMK, import new key material to it, and A company has a customer master key (CMK) with imported key materials.
point the key alias to the new CMK. Company policy requires that all encryption keys must be rotated every year. What
can be done to implement the above policy?
A. Use AWS Systems Manager to store the credentials as A water utility company uses a number of Amazon EC2 instances to manage
Secure Strings Parameters. Secure by using an AWS KMS updates to a fleet of 2,000 Internet of Things (IoT) field devices that monitor water
key. quality. These devices each have unique access credentials. An operational safety
policy requires that access to specific credentials is independently auditable. What
is the MOST cost-effective way to manage the storage of credentials?
B. Verify that the permissions used by the agent allow An organization is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs with agents deployed on its
creation of log groups/streams and to put log events Linux Amazon EC2 instances. The agent configuration files have been checked and
C. Check whether any application log entries were rejected the application log files to be pushed are configured correctly. A review has
because of invalid time stamps by reviewing identified that logging from specific instances is missing. Which steps should be
/var/cwlogs/rejects.log. taken to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)
A. Use AWS Config to review the IAM policy assigned to A Security Engineer must design a solution that enables the Incident Response
users before and after the incident. team to audit for changes to a user's IAM permissions in the case of a security
incident. How can this be accomplished?
B. Use the operating system built-in, host-based firewall to A company has complex connectivity rules governing ingress, egress, and
implement the required rules. communications between Amazon EC2 instances. The rules are so complex that
they cannot be implemented within the limits of the maximum number of security
groups and network access control lists (network ACLs). What mechanism will allow
the company to implement all required network rules without incurring additional
cost?
C.kms:CreateGrant An IAM user with fill EC2 permissions could bot start an Amazon EC2 instance after
E. "Condition": { "Bool": { "kms:GrantIsForAWSResource": it was stopped for a maintenance task. Upon starting the instance, the instance
true } } state would change to "Pending", but after a few seconds, it would switch back to
"Stopped". An inspection revealed that the instance has attached Amazon EBS
volumes that were encrypted by using a Customer Master Key (CMK). When these
encrypted volumes were detached, the IAM user was able to start the EC2
instances. The IAM user policy is as follows:
What additional items need to be added to the IAM user policy? (Choose two.)
A. Associate an origin access identity with the CloudFront A Security Administrator has a website hosted in Amazon S3. The Administrator has
distribution. been given the following requirements: Users may access the website by using an
C. Modify the S3 bucket permissions so that only the origin Amazon CloudFront distribution. Users may not access the website directly by using
access identity can access the bucket contents. an Amazon S3 URL. Which configurations will support these requirements?
(Choose two.)
B. The Security Engineer does not have permissions to A Security Engineer has created an Amazon CloudWatch event that invokes an
start the Athena query execution. AWS Lambda function daily. The Lambda function runs an Amazon Athena query
that checks AWS CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 to detect whether any IAM user
accounts or credentials have been created in the past 30 days. The results of the
Athena query are created in the same S3 bucket. The Engineer runs a test
execution of the Lambda function via the AWS Console, and the function runs
successfully. After several minutes, the Engineer finds that his Athena query has
failed with the error message: "Insufficient Permissions". The IAM permissions of
the Security Engineer and the Lambda function are shown below: Security Engineer
A. Configure a proxy solution on Amazon EC2 and route A company requires that IP packet data be inspected for invalid or malicious
all outbound VPC traffic through it. Perform inspection content. Which of the following approaches achieve this requirement? (Choose
within proxy software on the EC2 instance. two.)
C. Enable VPC Flow Logs for all subnets in the VPC.
Perform inspection from the Flow Log data within Amazon
CloudWatch Logs.
