GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM _ Complete Exam Study Guide, Practice Questions, Answers & ATI Review Material.pdf
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM | Complete Exam
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers & ATI
Review Material
, GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e49klx
1. cell stressors tissue ischemia, extreme temperature exposures, radiation exposure, physi-
cal tissue damage, chemical toxins, microorganisms, abnormal accumulation
of metabolites in cells, nutritional deficits
2. effects of hypoxic 1. ATP depletion: anaerobic metabolism - until glycogen stores are depleted,
cell injury Na/K ATPase & Ca ATPase are affected, increased intracellular Na & Ca, H2O
follows Na - Cell swelling, RER swelling - ribosomes detach - decrease in
protein synthesis
2. Increased Intracellular Calcium: Ca activates intracellular catabolic enzymes,
decrease in ATP, membrane damage, DNA damage, Increase in mitochondrial
permeability - increase in ROS
3. Oxygen-derived free radicals = ROS: destruction of cell membrane & nu-
cleus
4. Defects in Membrane Permeability: Leakage of intracellular enzymes, can
be detected in the blood
3. cellular adaption allows the stressed tissue to survive or maintain function
such as:
atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia
4. Hypertrophy increase in cell size
5. Hyperplasia increase in number of cells
the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in
the number of cells in the tissues
6. Metaplasia Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
, GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e49klx
7. Dysplasia abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
8. Necrosis tissue death
9. Types of Necrosis coagulation, liquefaction, caseous
10. Coagulative necro- Cell proteins are altered or denatured - coagulation
sis
11. Liquifactive necrosis necrotic tissue has dissolved and is gone
a the of necrosis with liquefaction of neurons and glial cells in the brain as a
result of ischemic injury or bacterial infection
12. Caseous necrosis degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese-like appearance
13. Fat necrosis Fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids
14. Gangrenous necro- death of tissue from severe hypoxic injury
sis
death of tissue from hypoxia, commonly from arteiosclerosis and affecting
lower leg; may be be classified as dry, where the skin appears brown and
wrinkled, or wet, where the skin appears cold, swollen and black as a result
of liquefactive necrosis occurring at the site
15. Dry necrosis a form of coagulative necrosis that develops in ischemic tissue, where the
blood supply is inadequate to keep tissue viable
16. Wet Necrosis liquefactive necrosis (superimposed infection)
17. Gas necrosis refers to the special type of gangrene caused by Clostridium
formation of air bubbles in the tissue
18. Cystic fibrosis
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM | Complete Exam
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers & ATI
Review Material
, GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e49klx
1. cell stressors tissue ischemia, extreme temperature exposures, radiation exposure, physi-
cal tissue damage, chemical toxins, microorganisms, abnormal accumulation
of metabolites in cells, nutritional deficits
2. effects of hypoxic 1. ATP depletion: anaerobic metabolism - until glycogen stores are depleted,
cell injury Na/K ATPase & Ca ATPase are affected, increased intracellular Na & Ca, H2O
follows Na - Cell swelling, RER swelling - ribosomes detach - decrease in
protein synthesis
2. Increased Intracellular Calcium: Ca activates intracellular catabolic enzymes,
decrease in ATP, membrane damage, DNA damage, Increase in mitochondrial
permeability - increase in ROS
3. Oxygen-derived free radicals = ROS: destruction of cell membrane & nu-
cleus
4. Defects in Membrane Permeability: Leakage of intracellular enzymes, can
be detected in the blood
3. cellular adaption allows the stressed tissue to survive or maintain function
such as:
atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia
4. Hypertrophy increase in cell size
5. Hyperplasia increase in number of cells
the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in
the number of cells in the tissues
6. Metaplasia Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
, GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
GCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM.pdf
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e49klx
7. Dysplasia abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
8. Necrosis tissue death
9. Types of Necrosis coagulation, liquefaction, caseous
10. Coagulative necro- Cell proteins are altered or denatured - coagulation
sis
11. Liquifactive necrosis necrotic tissue has dissolved and is gone
a the of necrosis with liquefaction of neurons and glial cells in the brain as a
result of ischemic injury or bacterial infection
12. Caseous necrosis degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese-like appearance
13. Fat necrosis Fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids
14. Gangrenous necro- death of tissue from severe hypoxic injury
sis
death of tissue from hypoxia, commonly from arteiosclerosis and affecting
lower leg; may be be classified as dry, where the skin appears brown and
wrinkled, or wet, where the skin appears cold, swollen and black as a result
of liquefactive necrosis occurring at the site
15. Dry necrosis a form of coagulative necrosis that develops in ischemic tissue, where the
blood supply is inadequate to keep tissue viable
16. Wet Necrosis liquefactive necrosis (superimposed infection)
17. Gas necrosis refers to the special type of gangrene caused by Clostridium
formation of air bubbles in the tissue
18. Cystic fibrosis
