NU 131 / NUR 131)
Nursing and Healthcare I
Galen College of Nursing
NU 131 / NUR 131 Exam 4
Questions & Answers Plus
Detailed Rationales
Latest 2026 | PDF
THIS EXAM CONTAINS:
✓100% Pass
✓Multiple Choice ( A-D)
✓Detailed Rationales For Each Question
✓Correct Answers For Each Question
✓250 Qs & Answers
,SECTION 1: HISTORY OF NURSING AND NURSING THEORISTS
(Questions 1-25)
1. Which historical figure is considered the founder of
modern nursing and emphasized the impact of environment
on health?
A. Clara Barton
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Dorothea Dix
*Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of
modern nursing. She established modern nursing principles,
stressing cleanliness, fresh air, light, and careful observation.
She reformed hospital sanitation and founded the first secular
nursing school. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Lillian Wald pioneered public health nursing. Dorothea Dix
advocated for the mentally ill. Nightingale's environmental
theory emphasized that the environment plays a crucial role in
patient recovery, and nurses should manipulate the
environment to promote healing.
2. Who founded the American Red Cross in 1881?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Mary Seacole
C. Clara Barton
D. Linda Richards
*Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in
1881. She was a nurse who served during the Civil War and
,later established the American Red Cross to provide
humanitarian aid during times of disaster and conflict.
Florence Nightingale is known for her work during the
Crimean War and for founding modern nursing. Mary Seacole
was a Jamaican nurse who also served during the Crimean
War. Linda Richards was the first American-trained nurse and
established nursing schools in the United States and Japan.
3. The first school of nursing, where Florence Nightingale
received training, was located in:
A. London, England
B. Kaiserswerth, Germany
C. Paris, France
D. Edinburgh, Scotland
*Rationale: The Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute in
Kaiserswerth, Germany, was founded in 1836 and was where
Florence Nightingale received her nursing training. This
training influenced her later work in reforming nursing
practices and establishing the first secular nursing school at
St. Thomas's Hospital in London. The Kaiserswerth model
emphasized religious dedication, discipline, and practical
training, which Nightingale incorporated into her own nursing
philosophy.
4. Which state passed the first practical nurse licensure law
in 1914?
, A. New York
B. California
C. Mississippi
D. Massachusetts
*Rationale: Mississippi passed the first practical nurse
licensure law in 1914, setting a precedent for vocational
nursing regulation. This was a significant milestone in
establishing minimum competency standards for nurses and
protecting the public. New York was the first state to license
registered nurses in 1903, but Mississippi was the first to
establish licensure for practical nurses. The licensure
movement aimed to protect the public by ensuring that nurses
met minimum educational and competency standards.
5. The first training school for nurses in the United States was
established in which city?
A. New York City
B. Boston
C. Philadelphia
D. Chicago
*Rationale: The first training school for nurses in the United
States was established in Philadelphia in 1872, based on the
Nightingale model. This school, the Nurse Training School of
the Women's Hospital of Philadelphia, set a precedent for
nursing education in the United States. The Nightingale model
emphasized formal education, clinical training, and
professional standards, which became the foundation for
nursing education in the United States.
Nursing and Healthcare I
Galen College of Nursing
NU 131 / NUR 131 Exam 4
Questions & Answers Plus
Detailed Rationales
Latest 2026 | PDF
THIS EXAM CONTAINS:
✓100% Pass
✓Multiple Choice ( A-D)
✓Detailed Rationales For Each Question
✓Correct Answers For Each Question
✓250 Qs & Answers
,SECTION 1: HISTORY OF NURSING AND NURSING THEORISTS
(Questions 1-25)
1. Which historical figure is considered the founder of
modern nursing and emphasized the impact of environment
on health?
A. Clara Barton
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Dorothea Dix
*Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of
modern nursing. She established modern nursing principles,
stressing cleanliness, fresh air, light, and careful observation.
She reformed hospital sanitation and founded the first secular
nursing school. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Lillian Wald pioneered public health nursing. Dorothea Dix
advocated for the mentally ill. Nightingale's environmental
theory emphasized that the environment plays a crucial role in
patient recovery, and nurses should manipulate the
environment to promote healing.
2. Who founded the American Red Cross in 1881?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Mary Seacole
C. Clara Barton
D. Linda Richards
*Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in
1881. She was a nurse who served during the Civil War and
,later established the American Red Cross to provide
humanitarian aid during times of disaster and conflict.
Florence Nightingale is known for her work during the
Crimean War and for founding modern nursing. Mary Seacole
was a Jamaican nurse who also served during the Crimean
War. Linda Richards was the first American-trained nurse and
established nursing schools in the United States and Japan.
3. The first school of nursing, where Florence Nightingale
received training, was located in:
A. London, England
B. Kaiserswerth, Germany
C. Paris, France
D. Edinburgh, Scotland
*Rationale: The Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute in
Kaiserswerth, Germany, was founded in 1836 and was where
Florence Nightingale received her nursing training. This
training influenced her later work in reforming nursing
practices and establishing the first secular nursing school at
St. Thomas's Hospital in London. The Kaiserswerth model
emphasized religious dedication, discipline, and practical
training, which Nightingale incorporated into her own nursing
philosophy.
4. Which state passed the first practical nurse licensure law
in 1914?
, A. New York
B. California
C. Mississippi
D. Massachusetts
*Rationale: Mississippi passed the first practical nurse
licensure law in 1914, setting a precedent for vocational
nursing regulation. This was a significant milestone in
establishing minimum competency standards for nurses and
protecting the public. New York was the first state to license
registered nurses in 1903, but Mississippi was the first to
establish licensure for practical nurses. The licensure
movement aimed to protect the public by ensuring that nurses
met minimum educational and competency standards.
5. The first training school for nurses in the United States was
established in which city?
A. New York City
B. Boston
C. Philadelphia
D. Chicago
*Rationale: The first training school for nurses in the United
States was established in Philadelphia in 1872, based on the
Nightingale model. This school, the Nurse Training School of
the Women's Hospital of Philadelphia, set a precedent for
nursing education in the United States. The Nightingale model
emphasized formal education, clinical training, and
professional standards, which became the foundation for
nursing education in the United States.
