DNA And Biotechnology EXAM 2026-2027 NEWEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS|| VERIFIED 100% (RATIONALES)
ALREADY GRADED A+ || LATEST UPDATE Duquesne
University - BIOL 101
Biotechnology
the use of natural biological systems
to achieve a purpose desired by humans for which the system
did not specifically evolve to accomplish
Biotechnology examples
~Using biological enzymes for environmental cleanup
~Creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to meet the
global human food need
~using stem cells or cloning to treat human diseases
,Nucleotide
composed of three parts
~phosphoric acid
~pentose sugar (deoxyribose)
~a nitrogen containing base (A, C, G, or T)
Nucleotides exhibit complementary base pairing
~A and T form two hydrogen bonds
~G and C form three hydrogen bonds
~Allows for only A+T and G+C respectively to pair
, Major events in replication
~DNA helicase unwinds double- stranded DNA
~New complementary DNA nucleotides are fit into place and
joined by DNA polymerase
~Antiparallel configuration means synthesis occurs in opposite
directions (leading strand follows helicase enzyme, lagging strand
forms Okazaki fragments)
~DNA ligase seals and breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone,
and DNA returns to its coiled structure
~The two double helixes are identical to the original DNA molecule
DNA polymerase
relatively rapid process (50 nucleotides per second)
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS|| VERIFIED 100% (RATIONALES)
ALREADY GRADED A+ || LATEST UPDATE Duquesne
University - BIOL 101
Biotechnology
the use of natural biological systems
to achieve a purpose desired by humans for which the system
did not specifically evolve to accomplish
Biotechnology examples
~Using biological enzymes for environmental cleanup
~Creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to meet the
global human food need
~using stem cells or cloning to treat human diseases
,Nucleotide
composed of three parts
~phosphoric acid
~pentose sugar (deoxyribose)
~a nitrogen containing base (A, C, G, or T)
Nucleotides exhibit complementary base pairing
~A and T form two hydrogen bonds
~G and C form three hydrogen bonds
~Allows for only A+T and G+C respectively to pair
, Major events in replication
~DNA helicase unwinds double- stranded DNA
~New complementary DNA nucleotides are fit into place and
joined by DNA polymerase
~Antiparallel configuration means synthesis occurs in opposite
directions (leading strand follows helicase enzyme, lagging strand
forms Okazaki fragments)
~DNA ligase seals and breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone,
and DNA returns to its coiled structure
~The two double helixes are identical to the original DNA molecule
DNA polymerase
relatively rapid process (50 nucleotides per second)
