Constable - ANSWER early official, supervised weapons and community equipment
American law enforcement system follows ________ model. - ANSWER English
Sheriff - ANSWER county's law enforcement officer (no power to arrest in PA)
Discretion - ANSWER ability to choose between alternatives
The mere presence of a p/o is ________ power. - ANSWER coercive
Social contract - ANSWER An agreement between the people and their government sig-
nifying their consent to be governed; certain rights are given up for state protection
Police power - ANSWER derived from the constitutional authority of the government; do
NOT confuse with power
watch system - ANSWER night watchmen signaled each other for help
Alternatives to arrest - ANSWER 1. youth aid panel
2. drug court
3. ARD
Trends in LE - ANSWER 1. Computer Tech
1
,2. Fingerprint Tech
3. Less lethal tech
4. Surveillance tech
5. Photographic tech
6. Modern forensics (DNA, biometrics, videotaping, databases)
Father of modern policing - ANSWER Sir Robert Peel
Peel Principles 1 - ANSWER Ability of police to perform their duties depends upon public
approval
Peel Principle 2 - ANSWER Police must secure willingness to cooperate
Peel Principle 4 - ANSWER Police seeks/preserves public favor by NOT catering to public
opinion, but by demonstrating constant and impartial service to the law
Peel Principle 3 - ANSWER The degree of public cooperation diminishes proportionally to
the necessity of use of physical force
Peel Principal 5 - ANSWER Use physical force to the extent necessary to observe the law
only when persuasion/advice/warning are insufficient
Peel Principal 6 - ANSWER Police are the public and public is the police
Peel Principal 7 - ANSWER Direct actions toward their functions and never assume
power of a judiciary
Peel principal 8 - ANSWER Test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder,
not visible police actions.
2
,Peel Principal 9 - ANSWER The ability of police to perform their duty depends on public
approval of police actions
Natural law - ANSWER morals and ethics are given
Ethics - ANSWER a code of values for our behavior based upon what morally good or bad
behavior
Professionalism - ANSWER the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a
profession or a professional person
Professional - ANSWER specialized, specially trained, held to a higher standard and mas-
ter of specialized knowledge
Trust and Legitimacy - ANSWER hard to earn and easy to loose
Unethical behavior implies - ANSWER los of trust, loss of cooperation and compliance
Police misconduct - ANSWER inappropriate actions taken by police officers in connection
with their official duties
Use of discretion should be based on - ANSWER sound reasoning (fair, equitable, impar-
tial)
Unethical vs. Illegal - ANSWER what is unethical (usually falls short of criminality) is not
necessarily illegal (law must be broken)
Ethical decision making tools - ANSWER 1. statutes/laws/ordinances
3
, 2. the oath of honor/the oath of the office
3. code of conduct
Community oriented policing - ANSWER is a philosophy that relies on the officer's rela-
tionship w/ the community he/she serves to solve the ills of the community together in cre-
ative ways
Community - ANSWER persons in social interaction within a geographical area
Public trust - ANSWER Power granted to the government
How can p/o improve community attitude towards them? - ANSWER 1. attire
2. grooming
3. demeanor
Professional p/o - ANSWER A p/o will readily offer friendship to everyone regardless of
their wealth
Three eras of policing - ANSWER 1. political era
2. reform era
3. community era
9 P's of community policing - ANSWER Philosophy
personalized
policing
patrols
permanent
place
4
American law enforcement system follows ________ model. - ANSWER English
Sheriff - ANSWER county's law enforcement officer (no power to arrest in PA)
Discretion - ANSWER ability to choose between alternatives
The mere presence of a p/o is ________ power. - ANSWER coercive
Social contract - ANSWER An agreement between the people and their government sig-
nifying their consent to be governed; certain rights are given up for state protection
Police power - ANSWER derived from the constitutional authority of the government; do
NOT confuse with power
watch system - ANSWER night watchmen signaled each other for help
Alternatives to arrest - ANSWER 1. youth aid panel
2. drug court
3. ARD
Trends in LE - ANSWER 1. Computer Tech
1
,2. Fingerprint Tech
3. Less lethal tech
4. Surveillance tech
5. Photographic tech
6. Modern forensics (DNA, biometrics, videotaping, databases)
Father of modern policing - ANSWER Sir Robert Peel
Peel Principles 1 - ANSWER Ability of police to perform their duties depends upon public
approval
Peel Principle 2 - ANSWER Police must secure willingness to cooperate
Peel Principle 4 - ANSWER Police seeks/preserves public favor by NOT catering to public
opinion, but by demonstrating constant and impartial service to the law
Peel Principle 3 - ANSWER The degree of public cooperation diminishes proportionally to
the necessity of use of physical force
Peel Principal 5 - ANSWER Use physical force to the extent necessary to observe the law
only when persuasion/advice/warning are insufficient
Peel Principal 6 - ANSWER Police are the public and public is the police
Peel Principal 7 - ANSWER Direct actions toward their functions and never assume
power of a judiciary
Peel principal 8 - ANSWER Test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder,
not visible police actions.
2
,Peel Principal 9 - ANSWER The ability of police to perform their duty depends on public
approval of police actions
Natural law - ANSWER morals and ethics are given
Ethics - ANSWER a code of values for our behavior based upon what morally good or bad
behavior
Professionalism - ANSWER the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a
profession or a professional person
Professional - ANSWER specialized, specially trained, held to a higher standard and mas-
ter of specialized knowledge
Trust and Legitimacy - ANSWER hard to earn and easy to loose
Unethical behavior implies - ANSWER los of trust, loss of cooperation and compliance
Police misconduct - ANSWER inappropriate actions taken by police officers in connection
with their official duties
Use of discretion should be based on - ANSWER sound reasoning (fair, equitable, impar-
tial)
Unethical vs. Illegal - ANSWER what is unethical (usually falls short of criminality) is not
necessarily illegal (law must be broken)
Ethical decision making tools - ANSWER 1. statutes/laws/ordinances
3
, 2. the oath of honor/the oath of the office
3. code of conduct
Community oriented policing - ANSWER is a philosophy that relies on the officer's rela-
tionship w/ the community he/she serves to solve the ills of the community together in cre-
ative ways
Community - ANSWER persons in social interaction within a geographical area
Public trust - ANSWER Power granted to the government
How can p/o improve community attitude towards them? - ANSWER 1. attire
2. grooming
3. demeanor
Professional p/o - ANSWER A p/o will readily offer friendship to everyone regardless of
their wealth
Three eras of policing - ANSWER 1. political era
2. reform era
3. community era
9 P's of community policing - ANSWER Philosophy
personalized
policing
patrols
permanent
place
4
