NUR 1172/NUR1172 Exam 1 V1 |
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the primary function of carbohydrates. Which
statement should the nurse include?
A. Carbohydrates act as the primary structural component of bones.
B. Carbohydrates are responsible for repairing damaged tissues.
C. The primary role of carbohydrates is to insulate the body’s organs.
D. Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of fuel for energy.
Answer: D
Rationale: The main function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body,
particularly for the brain and nervous system. They are the most efficient fuel source
because they are easily broken down into glucose. When carbohydrate intake is
insufficient, the body may begin to use protein for energy, which is less efficient.
2. Which of the following is considered a ‘monosaccharide’ or simple sugar?
A. Starch
B. Fiber
C. Glycogen
D. Glucose
,Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is the simplest form of sugar and the basic
unit of carbohydrates. Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides, which are complex
carbohydrates consisting of many sugar units. Fiber is also a complex carbohydrate that the
body cannot fully digest.
3. A client is experiencing constipation. Which type of carbohydrate should the nurse
recommend increasing in the diet?
A. Insoluble fiber
B. Simple sugars
C. Refined grains
D. Soluble fiber
Answer: A
Rationale: Insoluble fiber increases stool bulk and promotes laxation, which helps prevent
and treat constipation. It is found in whole grains, wheat bran, and many vegetables.
Increasing fluid intake along with fiber is essential for effective bowel movement.
4. The nurse knows that the storage form of glucose in the liver and muscles is called:
A. Glucagon
B. Glycerol
C. Galactose
, D. Glycogen
Answer: D
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of energy in the human body, specifically found in
the liver and muscle tissues. When blood glucose levels drop, the body converts glycogen
back into glucose for energy use. This process is vital for maintaining blood sugar levels
between meals.
5. Which substance is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
A. Glycogen
B. Glucagon
C. Insulin
D. Amylase
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas that allows
glucose to enter cells for energy, thereby lowering blood sugar. Without adequate insulin,
glucose stays in the bloodstream, leading to hyperglycemia. It acts as a key that unlocks the
cells for glucose uptake.
6. A patient asks why ‘complex’ carbohydrates are better than ‘simple’ carbohydrates. What
is the best response?
A. Simple carbohydrates cause a rapid drop in blood pressure.
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the primary function of carbohydrates. Which
statement should the nurse include?
A. Carbohydrates act as the primary structural component of bones.
B. Carbohydrates are responsible for repairing damaged tissues.
C. The primary role of carbohydrates is to insulate the body’s organs.
D. Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of fuel for energy.
Answer: D
Rationale: The main function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body,
particularly for the brain and nervous system. They are the most efficient fuel source
because they are easily broken down into glucose. When carbohydrate intake is
insufficient, the body may begin to use protein for energy, which is less efficient.
2. Which of the following is considered a ‘monosaccharide’ or simple sugar?
A. Starch
B. Fiber
C. Glycogen
D. Glucose
,Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is the simplest form of sugar and the basic
unit of carbohydrates. Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides, which are complex
carbohydrates consisting of many sugar units. Fiber is also a complex carbohydrate that the
body cannot fully digest.
3. A client is experiencing constipation. Which type of carbohydrate should the nurse
recommend increasing in the diet?
A. Insoluble fiber
B. Simple sugars
C. Refined grains
D. Soluble fiber
Answer: A
Rationale: Insoluble fiber increases stool bulk and promotes laxation, which helps prevent
and treat constipation. It is found in whole grains, wheat bran, and many vegetables.
Increasing fluid intake along with fiber is essential for effective bowel movement.
4. The nurse knows that the storage form of glucose in the liver and muscles is called:
A. Glucagon
B. Glycerol
C. Galactose
, D. Glycogen
Answer: D
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of energy in the human body, specifically found in
the liver and muscle tissues. When blood glucose levels drop, the body converts glycogen
back into glucose for energy use. This process is vital for maintaining blood sugar levels
between meals.
5. Which substance is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
A. Glycogen
B. Glucagon
C. Insulin
D. Amylase
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas that allows
glucose to enter cells for energy, thereby lowering blood sugar. Without adequate insulin,
glucose stays in the bloodstream, leading to hyperglycemia. It acts as a key that unlocks the
cells for glucose uptake.
6. A patient asks why ‘complex’ carbohydrates are better than ‘simple’ carbohydrates. What
is the best response?
A. Simple carbohydrates cause a rapid drop in blood pressure.
