Chapter 02: Essentials of Patient Care for the Sonographer Hagen-Ansert: Textbook of Diagnostic Sonography, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The most common arrhythmias are: a. supraventricular tachycardia. b. tachycardia and bradycardia. c. heart block. d. asystole. ANS: B Tachycardia, a heart rate above 100 bpm, and bradycardia, a heart rate below 60 bpm, are the most common cardiac arrhythmias. PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: Defined patient-focused care. TOP: Basic patient care 2. The normal amount of oxygen in the blood is: a. 90%. b. 85%. c. 80%. d. 75%. ANS: A A normal reading for a persN onR breaI thinG g roB o. mC airM is above 90%. U S N T O PTS: 1 REF: p. 27 OBJ: Define patient-focused care. TOP: Basic patient care 3. A shortness of breath or the feeling of not getting enough air, which may leave a person gasping, is called: a. apnea. b. wheezing. c. hyperventilation. d. dyspnea. ANS: D Dyspnea is defined as a shortness of breath or the feeling of not getting enough air, which may leave a person gasping. PTS: 1 REF: p. 28 OBJ: Discuss the basic patient care techniques covered in this chapter. TOP: Basic patient care 4. Which one of the following statements is false regarding the protocol for taking a blood pressure? a. If the patient is sitting, be sure he or she has both feet in the air. b. The brachial artery in the upper arm is the usual site for manually taking a bloodpressure. c. Move any clothing out of the way to place the blood pressure cuff properly. d. Place the cuff above the elbow, making sure it is approximately an inch above the elbow. ANS: A When taking a blood pressure with the patient sitting, ensure that he or she has both feet on the floor. PTS: 1 REF: p. 28 | p. 29 OBJ: Discuss the basic patient care techniques covered in this chapter. TOP: Basic patient care 5. Which one of the following statements is false regarding the nasogastric (NG) tube? a. Never pull on the tube when moving the patient. b. Check for leaks in both the NG tube and suction equipment. If found, report them immediately. c. Raise or open the drainage bottle as necessary. d. Never disconnect the tubing. ANS: C When a patient with an NG tube comes to the ultrasound department, the drainage bottle should never be raised or opened. PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: Discuss the basic patient care techniques covered in this chapter. TOP: Patients with tubesN andR tubI ingG B.C M U S N T O 6. The basic principles of body mechanics require all of the following except: a. maintain a stable center of gravity by keeping your center of gravity low and your back straight and bending your hips and knees. b. maintain a strong base of support by keeping your feet apart, placing one foot slightly ahead of the other with the toes pointing in the direction of activity. c. when lifting, flex your hips to absorb jolts, and turn with your feet instead of your knees. d. maintain a center of gravity by keeping your back straight and any objects being lifted close to your body. ANS: C When lifting an object, maintain a strong base of support, flex your knees to absorb jolts, and turn with your feet instead of your hips. PTS: 1 REF: p. 36 OBJ: Describe patient transfer techniques. TOP: Patient transfer techniques 7. Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding hand washing? a. Wash your hands after touching blood, body fluids, or contaminated items—only when gloves are not worn. b. Wash your hands after removing gloves, between patient contacts, and whenever indicated to avoid the transfer of microorganisms to oth
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