Patho NSG 3280 Exam 1 – Questions With Detailed
Answer
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Terms in this set (114)
What does etiology mean? The cause or origin of a disease.
What does idiopathic mean? A disease with no known cause.
What does iatrogenic mean? A condition caused by medical treatment or
intervention.
What are risk factors? Conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood
of disease.
What is the prodromal stage of Early stage with vague, nonspecific symptoms.
disease?
What are clinical manifestations? The signs and symptoms of a disease.
What does convalescence mean? The recovery phase after illness or injury.
Why are older adults more vulnerable Decreased organ reserve, weaker immune response,
to stress? and slower recovery.
How does stress affect the elderly Stress is harder to compensate for and increases risk
differently than younger adults? of illness and complications.
What is the General Adaptation The body's three-stage response to stress: alarm,
Syndrome (GAS)? resistance, exhaustion.
What happens during the alarm stage Fight-or-flight response; epinephrine and cortisol
of stress? released; ↑ HR, BP, glucose.
, What happens during the resistance Body adapts to stress while cortisol remains
stage of stress? elevated.
What happens during the exhaustion Body resources are depleted, leading to illness or
stage of stress? organ failure.
What is ischemia? Decreased blood flow to tissues.
What is hypoxia? Decreased oxygen delivery to tissues.
What are the cellular consequences of ↓ ATP, lactic acid buildup, cell swelling, and possible
ischemia and hypoxia? cell death.
What is primary prevention? Preventing disease before it occurs (vaccines,
lifestyle changes).
What is secondary prevention? Early detection and treatment (screenings).
What is tertiary prevention? Reducing complications and improving quality of life
(rehab, chronic care).
What is necrosis? Uncontrolled cell death causing inflammation and
tissue damage.
What are common signs of necrosis? Cell swelling, membrane rupture, and inflammation.
What is hydropic swelling? Cell swelling due to sodium and water accumulation
from ATP depletion.
What is intracellular accumulation? Buildup of substances like fat or protein inside the
cell.
What is coagulative necrosis? Protein denaturation causing irreversible cell death
(common in heart and kidneys).
What is atrophy? Decrease in cell size due to decreased use or aging.
Answer
Save Groups
Terms in this set (114)
What does etiology mean? The cause or origin of a disease.
What does idiopathic mean? A disease with no known cause.
What does iatrogenic mean? A condition caused by medical treatment or
intervention.
What are risk factors? Conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood
of disease.
What is the prodromal stage of Early stage with vague, nonspecific symptoms.
disease?
What are clinical manifestations? The signs and symptoms of a disease.
What does convalescence mean? The recovery phase after illness or injury.
Why are older adults more vulnerable Decreased organ reserve, weaker immune response,
to stress? and slower recovery.
How does stress affect the elderly Stress is harder to compensate for and increases risk
differently than younger adults? of illness and complications.
What is the General Adaptation The body's three-stage response to stress: alarm,
Syndrome (GAS)? resistance, exhaustion.
What happens during the alarm stage Fight-or-flight response; epinephrine and cortisol
of stress? released; ↑ HR, BP, glucose.
, What happens during the resistance Body adapts to stress while cortisol remains
stage of stress? elevated.
What happens during the exhaustion Body resources are depleted, leading to illness or
stage of stress? organ failure.
What is ischemia? Decreased blood flow to tissues.
What is hypoxia? Decreased oxygen delivery to tissues.
What are the cellular consequences of ↓ ATP, lactic acid buildup, cell swelling, and possible
ischemia and hypoxia? cell death.
What is primary prevention? Preventing disease before it occurs (vaccines,
lifestyle changes).
What is secondary prevention? Early detection and treatment (screenings).
What is tertiary prevention? Reducing complications and improving quality of life
(rehab, chronic care).
What is necrosis? Uncontrolled cell death causing inflammation and
tissue damage.
What are common signs of necrosis? Cell swelling, membrane rupture, and inflammation.
What is hydropic swelling? Cell swelling due to sodium and water accumulation
from ATP depletion.
What is intracellular accumulation? Buildup of substances like fat or protein inside the
cell.
What is coagulative necrosis? Protein denaturation causing irreversible cell death
(common in heart and kidneys).
What is atrophy? Decrease in cell size due to decreased use or aging.
