NR 574 Final Exam: (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology &
Acute Care - Hematology, Trauma, Burns, Neurology | Q&A | Grade A | 100%
Correct (Verified Answers) – Chamberlain University
Subject: Advanced Pathophysiology & Acute Care – Rhabdomyolysis, Bowel Obstruction, SVCS,
Mesenteric Ischemia, Hepatic Steatosis, HIV, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Hemophilia, DIC, HIT, Burns, TBI,
Spinal Cord Injury, Pelvic Fractures, Compartment Syndrome
Source: NR 574 Final Exam / Chamberlain University / Clinical Practice Guidelines (2026/2027 Update)
Format: Q&A Guide with Clinical Rationales | Grade A Guaranteed
1. How often should a CK level be drawn and why?
Correct Answer: At least every 6-12 hours to establish a peak level and then subsequently a downward
trend.
1. CK rises 2-12 hours after muscle injury, peaks at 24-72 hours.
2. Trending CK helps monitor disease progression and treatment response.
2. Sylvie is a 26-year-old who presents after a marathon with dark urine, lightheadedness, nausea,
and leg weakness. The AGACNP suspects rhabdomyolysis. Which test is needed to confirm the
diagnosis?
Correct Answer: Serum creatine kinase (CK) - markedly elevated (>1000 IU/L).
1. CK is the most reliable test for rhabdomyolysis.
2. Normal CK is 45-260 IU/L.
3. Sylvie's EKG shows markedly elevated T waves and prolongation of the PR and QRS intervals.
The AGACNP should anticipate which of the following results?
Correct Answer: Hyperkalemia
1. Peaked T waves are classic for hyperkalemia.
2. Muscle breakdown releases potassium into bloodstream.
4. What is the initial management of a rhabdomyolysis patient?
Correct Answer: FLUIDS & electrolyte maintenance. Isotonic sodium chloride fluid initiated ASAP at
400 mL/hr, titrate to maintain urine output >200 mL/hr.
1. Aggressive hydration prevents acute kidney injury.
2. Goal urine output >200 mL/hr or 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hr.
, 5. What are risk factors for acute intestinal obstruction?
Correct Answer: Adhesions from previous abdominal surgery, hernias, foreign bodies, feces,
congenital issues, trauma, inflammation, neoplasms, endometriosis, volvulus, ischemic injury,
intussusception, intraperitoneal abscess.
1. Adhesions are the most common cause of SBO.
2. Hernias are the second most common cause.
6. What diagnostic imaging should be used for bowel obstruction?
Correct Answer: Plain film x-ray - reveals dilated loops of bowel and visible air-fluid levels.
1. Barium is contraindicated in high-grade or complete obstruction.
2. Retained barium can cause concretions requiring surgical intervention.
7. Treatment of bowel obstruction includes?
Correct Answer: Gen surg consult, NG tube (intermittent suction) for decompression, fluid
resuscitation, electrolyte management. Complete obstruction requires immediate surgical intervention.
1. NG decompression reduces distention and prevents vomiting/aspiration.
2. Fluid resuscitation corrects dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
8. What is responsible for the majority of SVCS cases?
Correct Answer: Malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, lymphoma, and metastatic tumors.
1. Lung cancer (especially SCLC) is the most common cause.
2. SVCS is a clinical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
9. Treatment of SVCS includes?
Correct Answer: Symptomatic relief: diuretics with low sodium diet, head elevation, supplemental O2.
Radiation therapy is the primary treatment for SVCS.
1. Radiation reduces tumor burden causing obstruction.
2. Stenting may be used for emergent relief.
10. Patients with severe acute abdominal pain that seems disproportional to physical exam findings,
or that are resistant to opioid therapy, should be suspected as having?
Correct Answer: Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
1. Pain out of proportion to exam is classic for mesenteric ischemia.
2. Gold standard diagnosis: CT angiography.
11. N-acetylcysteine should be given when?
Correct Answer: 4-8 hours after ingestion if blood levels >200 ug/mL at 4 hours or >100 ug/mL at 8
hours.
1. NAC is most effective within 8-10 hours of ingestion.
2. NAC reduces severity of hepatic necrosis.
Acute Care - Hematology, Trauma, Burns, Neurology | Q&A | Grade A | 100%
Correct (Verified Answers) – Chamberlain University
Subject: Advanced Pathophysiology & Acute Care – Rhabdomyolysis, Bowel Obstruction, SVCS,
Mesenteric Ischemia, Hepatic Steatosis, HIV, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Hemophilia, DIC, HIT, Burns, TBI,
Spinal Cord Injury, Pelvic Fractures, Compartment Syndrome
Source: NR 574 Final Exam / Chamberlain University / Clinical Practice Guidelines (2026/2027 Update)
Format: Q&A Guide with Clinical Rationales | Grade A Guaranteed
1. How often should a CK level be drawn and why?
Correct Answer: At least every 6-12 hours to establish a peak level and then subsequently a downward
trend.
1. CK rises 2-12 hours after muscle injury, peaks at 24-72 hours.
2. Trending CK helps monitor disease progression and treatment response.
2. Sylvie is a 26-year-old who presents after a marathon with dark urine, lightheadedness, nausea,
and leg weakness. The AGACNP suspects rhabdomyolysis. Which test is needed to confirm the
diagnosis?
Correct Answer: Serum creatine kinase (CK) - markedly elevated (>1000 IU/L).
1. CK is the most reliable test for rhabdomyolysis.
2. Normal CK is 45-260 IU/L.
3. Sylvie's EKG shows markedly elevated T waves and prolongation of the PR and QRS intervals.
The AGACNP should anticipate which of the following results?
Correct Answer: Hyperkalemia
1. Peaked T waves are classic for hyperkalemia.
2. Muscle breakdown releases potassium into bloodstream.
4. What is the initial management of a rhabdomyolysis patient?
Correct Answer: FLUIDS & electrolyte maintenance. Isotonic sodium chloride fluid initiated ASAP at
400 mL/hr, titrate to maintain urine output >200 mL/hr.
1. Aggressive hydration prevents acute kidney injury.
2. Goal urine output >200 mL/hr or 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hr.
, 5. What are risk factors for acute intestinal obstruction?
Correct Answer: Adhesions from previous abdominal surgery, hernias, foreign bodies, feces,
congenital issues, trauma, inflammation, neoplasms, endometriosis, volvulus, ischemic injury,
intussusception, intraperitoneal abscess.
1. Adhesions are the most common cause of SBO.
2. Hernias are the second most common cause.
6. What diagnostic imaging should be used for bowel obstruction?
Correct Answer: Plain film x-ray - reveals dilated loops of bowel and visible air-fluid levels.
1. Barium is contraindicated in high-grade or complete obstruction.
2. Retained barium can cause concretions requiring surgical intervention.
7. Treatment of bowel obstruction includes?
Correct Answer: Gen surg consult, NG tube (intermittent suction) for decompression, fluid
resuscitation, electrolyte management. Complete obstruction requires immediate surgical intervention.
1. NG decompression reduces distention and prevents vomiting/aspiration.
2. Fluid resuscitation corrects dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
8. What is responsible for the majority of SVCS cases?
Correct Answer: Malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, lymphoma, and metastatic tumors.
1. Lung cancer (especially SCLC) is the most common cause.
2. SVCS is a clinical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
9. Treatment of SVCS includes?
Correct Answer: Symptomatic relief: diuretics with low sodium diet, head elevation, supplemental O2.
Radiation therapy is the primary treatment for SVCS.
1. Radiation reduces tumor burden causing obstruction.
2. Stenting may be used for emergent relief.
10. Patients with severe acute abdominal pain that seems disproportional to physical exam findings,
or that are resistant to opioid therapy, should be suspected as having?
Correct Answer: Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
1. Pain out of proportion to exam is classic for mesenteric ischemia.
2. Gold standard diagnosis: CT angiography.
11. N-acetylcysteine should be given when?
Correct Answer: 4-8 hours after ingestion if blood levels >200 ug/mL at 4 hours or >100 ug/mL at 8
hours.
1. NAC is most effective within 8-10 hours of ingestion.
2. NAC reduces severity of hepatic necrosis.
