C785 Biochemistry - Module 1 Study Guide Comprehensive Quiz 2026
|WGU
1. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A. Contains a membrane-bound nucleus
B. Larger than eukaryotic cells
C. Contains mitochondria
D. Lacks membrane-bound organelles
Answer: D
Rationale: Prokaryotes are defined by their lack of a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles.
2. What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Van der Waals interaction
D. Covalent bond
Answer: D
Rationale: Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electron pairs.
3. Which functional group is represented by the formula -OH?
A. Carboxyl
B. Amino
C. Hydroxyl
D. Phosphate
Answer: C
,Rationale: The hydroxyl group is a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom.
4. Dehydration synthesis leads to the formation of which of the following?
A. Monomers
B. Small molecules
C. Water and polymers
D. None of the above
Answer: C
Rationale: Dehydration synthesis joins monomers together by removing water, creating a
polymer.
5. Which macromolecule is composed of amino acids?
A. Lipids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are polymers built from amino acid monomers.
6. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
A. Immediate energy source
B. Long-term energy storage
C. Genetic information storage
D. Enzymatic catalysis
Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates, specifically glucose, are the body’s primary and most immediate
source of energy.
, 7. Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in
animals?
A. Starch
B. Glycogen
C. Cellulose
D. Chitin
Answer: B
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals, primarily found in the liver
and muscles.
8. Unsaturated fats are characterized by:
A. No double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain
B. Being solid at room temperature
C. Having at least one double bond in the hydrocarbon chain
D. Maximum number of hydrogen atoms
Answer: C
Rationale: Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, which creates a ‘kink’ in the
chain and makes them liquid at room temperature.
9. The ‘backbone’ of a DNA molecule is made of:
A. Nitrogenous bases
B. Amino acids
C. Sugar and phosphate groups
D. Lipid bilayers
Answer: C
Rationale: The DNA backbone consists of alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
groups.
|WGU
1. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A. Contains a membrane-bound nucleus
B. Larger than eukaryotic cells
C. Contains mitochondria
D. Lacks membrane-bound organelles
Answer: D
Rationale: Prokaryotes are defined by their lack of a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles.
2. What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Van der Waals interaction
D. Covalent bond
Answer: D
Rationale: Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electron pairs.
3. Which functional group is represented by the formula -OH?
A. Carboxyl
B. Amino
C. Hydroxyl
D. Phosphate
Answer: C
,Rationale: The hydroxyl group is a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom.
4. Dehydration synthesis leads to the formation of which of the following?
A. Monomers
B. Small molecules
C. Water and polymers
D. None of the above
Answer: C
Rationale: Dehydration synthesis joins monomers together by removing water, creating a
polymer.
5. Which macromolecule is composed of amino acids?
A. Lipids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are polymers built from amino acid monomers.
6. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
A. Immediate energy source
B. Long-term energy storage
C. Genetic information storage
D. Enzymatic catalysis
Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates, specifically glucose, are the body’s primary and most immediate
source of energy.
, 7. Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in
animals?
A. Starch
B. Glycogen
C. Cellulose
D. Chitin
Answer: B
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals, primarily found in the liver
and muscles.
8. Unsaturated fats are characterized by:
A. No double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain
B. Being solid at room temperature
C. Having at least one double bond in the hydrocarbon chain
D. Maximum number of hydrogen atoms
Answer: C
Rationale: Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, which creates a ‘kink’ in the
chain and makes them liquid at room temperature.
9. The ‘backbone’ of a DNA molecule is made of:
A. Nitrogenous bases
B. Amino acids
C. Sugar and phosphate groups
D. Lipid bilayers
Answer: C
Rationale: The DNA backbone consists of alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
groups.
