NYSTCE ESOL CST (116) QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Q: What is Intonation? ✔✔ The way the voice rises and falls in speech to convey
meaning, emphasis, or emotion.
Q: What is a morpheme? ✔✔ The smallest unit of meaning in a language (e.g.,
the word "dog" or the suffix "-ed").
Q: Who was Abraham Maslow? ✔✔ A psychologist who developed the
Hierarchy of Needs, which theorizes that unconscious desires (from basic survival
to self-actualization) motivate people.
,Explore
Q: What is a subordinating conjunction? ✔✔ A word that joins a dependent
clause to an independent clause to which it is related (e.g., because, although, if).
,Q: What are voiceless sounds? ✔✔ Speech sounds made without vibrating the
vocal cords (e.g., the /p/, /t/, or /k/ sounds).
Q: Who is Howard Gardner? ✔✔ The psychologist who created the Theory of
Multiple Intelligences; he proposed that using a person's specific area of
giftedness (such as musical, spatial, or interpersonal) to demonstrate intellect helps
learners achieve their full potential.
independent (or main) clause -ANSWER ✔✔a clause that can stand alone as it's
own sequence
one-word stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of language acquisition; characterized by a
child's use of a single word to convey a full meaning
humor stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of acculturation; when students start to come to
terms with their circumstances and move toward acceptance of their new culture
SIFE -ANSWER ✔✔Students with Interrupted Formal Education
labial consonant sound -ANSWER ✔✔sound produced by the top and bottom lips
coming together (m)
gerund phrase -ANSWER ✔✔phrase that begins with a gerund (verbs that end in -
ing and act as nouns)
connotation -ANSWER ✔✔the emotional association of a word
helping verb -ANSWER ✔✔verb that indicates tense (when the action occurred)
, Woodcock-Muñoz Language Survey -ANSWER ✔✔an individually administered
assessment that measures cognitive aspects of language proficiency in the form of
vocabulary usage, verbal analogies, and letter-word identification
Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) -ANSWER ✔✔an oral-based approach to language
instruction developed by linguists and behavior psychologists; teaches the target
language through repetition
phonetics -ANSWER ✔✔the study of the production of sounds in speech
silent way -ANSWER ✔✔teaching method based on the idea that language
learning should be much like problem-solving and discovery learning; teachers are
as silent as possible during lessons in order to promote student participation and
experimentation and to concentrate on learning over teaching
dependent (or subordinate) clause -ANSWER ✔✔a clause that cannot stand alone
as its own sentence
inferential item -ANSWER ✔✔a piece of information that requires the test taker to
read between the lines in order to determine what an author is implying
communicative competence -ANSWER ✔✔the ability to speak a language both
appropriately in a social context as well as correctly in terms of rules and structure
two-word stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of language acquisition; children begin to
learn words and use word combinations
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Q: What is Intonation? ✔✔ The way the voice rises and falls in speech to convey
meaning, emphasis, or emotion.
Q: What is a morpheme? ✔✔ The smallest unit of meaning in a language (e.g.,
the word "dog" or the suffix "-ed").
Q: Who was Abraham Maslow? ✔✔ A psychologist who developed the
Hierarchy of Needs, which theorizes that unconscious desires (from basic survival
to self-actualization) motivate people.
,Explore
Q: What is a subordinating conjunction? ✔✔ A word that joins a dependent
clause to an independent clause to which it is related (e.g., because, although, if).
,Q: What are voiceless sounds? ✔✔ Speech sounds made without vibrating the
vocal cords (e.g., the /p/, /t/, or /k/ sounds).
Q: Who is Howard Gardner? ✔✔ The psychologist who created the Theory of
Multiple Intelligences; he proposed that using a person's specific area of
giftedness (such as musical, spatial, or interpersonal) to demonstrate intellect helps
learners achieve their full potential.
independent (or main) clause -ANSWER ✔✔a clause that can stand alone as it's
own sequence
one-word stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of language acquisition; characterized by a
child's use of a single word to convey a full meaning
humor stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of acculturation; when students start to come to
terms with their circumstances and move toward acceptance of their new culture
SIFE -ANSWER ✔✔Students with Interrupted Formal Education
labial consonant sound -ANSWER ✔✔sound produced by the top and bottom lips
coming together (m)
gerund phrase -ANSWER ✔✔phrase that begins with a gerund (verbs that end in -
ing and act as nouns)
connotation -ANSWER ✔✔the emotional association of a word
helping verb -ANSWER ✔✔verb that indicates tense (when the action occurred)
, Woodcock-Muñoz Language Survey -ANSWER ✔✔an individually administered
assessment that measures cognitive aspects of language proficiency in the form of
vocabulary usage, verbal analogies, and letter-word identification
Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) -ANSWER ✔✔an oral-based approach to language
instruction developed by linguists and behavior psychologists; teaches the target
language through repetition
phonetics -ANSWER ✔✔the study of the production of sounds in speech
silent way -ANSWER ✔✔teaching method based on the idea that language
learning should be much like problem-solving and discovery learning; teachers are
as silent as possible during lessons in order to promote student participation and
experimentation and to concentrate on learning over teaching
dependent (or subordinate) clause -ANSWER ✔✔a clause that cannot stand alone
as its own sentence
inferential item -ANSWER ✔✔a piece of information that requires the test taker to
read between the lines in order to determine what an author is implying
communicative competence -ANSWER ✔✔the ability to speak a language both
appropriately in a social context as well as correctly in terms of rules and structure
two-word stage -ANSWER ✔✔stage of language acquisition; children begin to
learn words and use word combinations
