ACVPM - Public Health Admin/Education Actual
Exam Newest 2026-2027 With Complete Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New Version!
Can clients themselves decide to administer drugs in an extralabel
fashion to their animals? - ANSWER-No, clients cannot decide to
administer drugs in an extralabel fashion. However, according to
AMDUCA, if a VCPR exists, and the veterinarian decides that ELDU is a
valid option, the client may administer the drug in an extralabel fashion
as long as it is under the supervision of the veterinarian.
Do I need to list a withdrawal time if the ELDU is for a non food-
producing animal? - ANSWER-The withdrawal time of a drug prescribed
for ELDU for a non-food-producing animal is not necessary according to
AMDUCA.
Are vaccines subject to ELDU? - ANSWER-Vaccines are considered
"veterinary biologics" and fall under regulation by the USDA Center for
Veterinary Biologics (USDA CVB). Veterinarians are allowed
discretionary use of vaccines. For example, if a minor species requires a
vaccine not labeled for that species, the veterinarian can employ
discretionary use of a particular vaccine as he or she sees best fit.
Veterinarians should check state rules to discern whether it is
acceptable to vaccinate animals with vaccines labeled for another
animal species.
1|Page
,Are pesticides subject to ELDU? - ANSWER-The use of pesticides by a
veterinarian is not subject to ELDU regulations as these are subject to
the primary jurisdiction of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Pesticides must always be used according to the instructions on the
label.
What is the difference between an "expiration date" on the VFD and
duration of use? - ANSWER-While the VFD expiration date defines the
period of time for which the authorization to feed an animal feed
containing a VFD drug is lawful, the duration of use determines the
length of time, established as part of the approval, conditional approval,
or index listing process, that the animal feed containing the VFD drug is
allowed to be fed to the animals. For example, in swine the currently
approved VFD drug tilmicosin has a duration of use of 21 days and an
expiration date of 90 days, which means the client has 90 days to obtain
the VFD feed and complete the 21 day course of therapy
What is an "extralabel use" of a VFD drug and is it allowed? - ANSWER-
"Extralabel use" is defined in FDA's regulations as actual or intended use
of a drug in an animal in a manner that is not in accordance with the
approved labeling. For example, feeding the animals VFD feed for a
duration of time that is different from the duration specified on the
label, feeding VFD feed formulated with a drug level that is different
from what is specified on the label, or feeding VFD feed to an animal
species different than what is specified on the label would all be
considered extralabel uses. Extralabel use of medicated feed, including
2|Page
,medicated feed containing a VFD drug or a combination VFD drug, is
not permitted.
What is a "combination VFD drug"? - ANSWER-A "combination VFD
drug" is an approved combination of new animal drugs intended for use
in or on animal feed under the professional supervision of a licensed
veterinarian, and at least one of the new animal drugs in the
combination is a VFD drug.
How do I know if a drug is a VFD drug, rather than an OTC drug? -
ANSWER-Read the label. All labeling and advertising for VFD drugs,
combination VFD drugs, and feeds containing VFD drugs or combination
VFD drugs must prominently and conspicuously display the following
cautionary statement: "Caution: Federal law restricts medicated feed
containing this veterinary feed directive (VFD) drug to use by or on the
order of a licensed veterinarian." Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs do not
have this statement.
What is a VFD? - ANSWER-A VFD is a written (nonverbal) statement
issued by a licensed veterinarian in the course of the veterinarian's
professional practice that authorizes the use of a VFD drug or
combination VFD drug in or on an animal feed. This written statement
authorizes the client (the owner of the animal or animals or other
caretaker) to obtain and use animal feed bearing or containing a VFD
drug or combination VFD drug to treat the client's animals only in
accordance with the conditions for use approved, conditionally
3|Page
, approved, or indexed by the FDA. A VFD is also referred to as a VFD
order.
What does professional supervision mean? - ANSWER-The veterinarian-
client-patient relationship (VCPR) is the basis of professional
supervision. Veterinarians who issue a VFD order must practice
veterinary medicine in compliance with all applicable veterinary
licensing and practice requirements, including issuing the VFD in the
context of a VCPR as defined by the state. If applicable VCPR
requirements as defined by such state do not include the key elements
of a valid VCPR as defined by Federal law, the veterinarian must issue
the VFD in the context of a valid VCPR as defined by the Federal law.
This information is required on a lawful VFD order: - ANSWER-
veterinarian's name, address, and telephone number; client's name,
business or home address, and --telephone number; premises at which
the animals specified in the VFD are located; date of VFD issuance;
expiration date of the VFD; name of the VFD drug(s); species and
production class of animals to be fed the VFD feed; approximate
number of animals to be fed the VFD feed by the expiration date of the
VFD; indication for which the VFD is issued; level of VFD drug in the
feed and duration of use; withdrawal time, special instructions, and
cautionary statements necessary for use of the drug in conformance
with the approval; number of reorders (refills) authorized, if permitted
by the drug approval, conditional approval, or index listing; statement:
"Use of feed containing this veterinary feed directive (VFD) drug in a
manner other than as directed on the labeling (extralabel use), is not
4|Page
Exam Newest 2026-2027 With Complete Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers| Brand New Version!
Can clients themselves decide to administer drugs in an extralabel
fashion to their animals? - ANSWER-No, clients cannot decide to
administer drugs in an extralabel fashion. However, according to
AMDUCA, if a VCPR exists, and the veterinarian decides that ELDU is a
valid option, the client may administer the drug in an extralabel fashion
as long as it is under the supervision of the veterinarian.
Do I need to list a withdrawal time if the ELDU is for a non food-
producing animal? - ANSWER-The withdrawal time of a drug prescribed
for ELDU for a non-food-producing animal is not necessary according to
AMDUCA.
Are vaccines subject to ELDU? - ANSWER-Vaccines are considered
"veterinary biologics" and fall under regulation by the USDA Center for
Veterinary Biologics (USDA CVB). Veterinarians are allowed
discretionary use of vaccines. For example, if a minor species requires a
vaccine not labeled for that species, the veterinarian can employ
discretionary use of a particular vaccine as he or she sees best fit.
Veterinarians should check state rules to discern whether it is
acceptable to vaccinate animals with vaccines labeled for another
animal species.
1|Page
,Are pesticides subject to ELDU? - ANSWER-The use of pesticides by a
veterinarian is not subject to ELDU regulations as these are subject to
the primary jurisdiction of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Pesticides must always be used according to the instructions on the
label.
What is the difference between an "expiration date" on the VFD and
duration of use? - ANSWER-While the VFD expiration date defines the
period of time for which the authorization to feed an animal feed
containing a VFD drug is lawful, the duration of use determines the
length of time, established as part of the approval, conditional approval,
or index listing process, that the animal feed containing the VFD drug is
allowed to be fed to the animals. For example, in swine the currently
approved VFD drug tilmicosin has a duration of use of 21 days and an
expiration date of 90 days, which means the client has 90 days to obtain
the VFD feed and complete the 21 day course of therapy
What is an "extralabel use" of a VFD drug and is it allowed? - ANSWER-
"Extralabel use" is defined in FDA's regulations as actual or intended use
of a drug in an animal in a manner that is not in accordance with the
approved labeling. For example, feeding the animals VFD feed for a
duration of time that is different from the duration specified on the
label, feeding VFD feed formulated with a drug level that is different
from what is specified on the label, or feeding VFD feed to an animal
species different than what is specified on the label would all be
considered extralabel uses. Extralabel use of medicated feed, including
2|Page
,medicated feed containing a VFD drug or a combination VFD drug, is
not permitted.
What is a "combination VFD drug"? - ANSWER-A "combination VFD
drug" is an approved combination of new animal drugs intended for use
in or on animal feed under the professional supervision of a licensed
veterinarian, and at least one of the new animal drugs in the
combination is a VFD drug.
How do I know if a drug is a VFD drug, rather than an OTC drug? -
ANSWER-Read the label. All labeling and advertising for VFD drugs,
combination VFD drugs, and feeds containing VFD drugs or combination
VFD drugs must prominently and conspicuously display the following
cautionary statement: "Caution: Federal law restricts medicated feed
containing this veterinary feed directive (VFD) drug to use by or on the
order of a licensed veterinarian." Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs do not
have this statement.
What is a VFD? - ANSWER-A VFD is a written (nonverbal) statement
issued by a licensed veterinarian in the course of the veterinarian's
professional practice that authorizes the use of a VFD drug or
combination VFD drug in or on an animal feed. This written statement
authorizes the client (the owner of the animal or animals or other
caretaker) to obtain and use animal feed bearing or containing a VFD
drug or combination VFD drug to treat the client's animals only in
accordance with the conditions for use approved, conditionally
3|Page
, approved, or indexed by the FDA. A VFD is also referred to as a VFD
order.
What does professional supervision mean? - ANSWER-The veterinarian-
client-patient relationship (VCPR) is the basis of professional
supervision. Veterinarians who issue a VFD order must practice
veterinary medicine in compliance with all applicable veterinary
licensing and practice requirements, including issuing the VFD in the
context of a VCPR as defined by the state. If applicable VCPR
requirements as defined by such state do not include the key elements
of a valid VCPR as defined by Federal law, the veterinarian must issue
the VFD in the context of a valid VCPR as defined by the Federal law.
This information is required on a lawful VFD order: - ANSWER-
veterinarian's name, address, and telephone number; client's name,
business or home address, and --telephone number; premises at which
the animals specified in the VFD are located; date of VFD issuance;
expiration date of the VFD; name of the VFD drug(s); species and
production class of animals to be fed the VFD feed; approximate
number of animals to be fed the VFD feed by the expiration date of the
VFD; indication for which the VFD is issued; level of VFD drug in the
feed and duration of use; withdrawal time, special instructions, and
cautionary statements necessary for use of the drug in conformance
with the approval; number of reorders (refills) authorized, if permitted
by the drug approval, conditional approval, or index listing; statement:
"Use of feed containing this veterinary feed directive (VFD) drug in a
manner other than as directed on the labeling (extralabel use), is not
4|Page
