CST8116: Introduction to Computer - Programming Final Exam Questions Study Sheet | Answered 100% Updated 2026.

CST8116: Introduction to Computer - Programming Final Exam Questions Study Sheet
Prepared by: Anas Sadek
Program: Computer Programming, Algonquin College
Date: April 2025



Table of Contents
• Pages 2–4: Long Answer Questions
• Pages 5–16: Long Answers with Detailed Explanations
• Pages 17–37: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)


Notes:
• Each long answer includes a detailed explanation for better understanding.
• Long answer solutions are presented on separate pages for clarity.
• MCQ answers are provided immediately after each question for ease of review.




Long Answer Practice Questions (25 Questions)

1 | Page

,1. [Custom Class Construction]
Write a Java class Book with private fields title (String) and pages (int). Include a
default constructor, an overloaded constructor, accessor and mutator methods,
and a method printDetails() that returns a formatted string containing both fields.

2. [Array Processing]
Write a method called printMax() that accepts an array of integers and prints the
maximum value. Assume the array contains at least one value.

3. [Array Processing]
Implement a method countEvenNumbers(int[] values) that prints the number of
even values in the given array.

4. [Varargs and Method Overloading]
Write a class with two overloaded methods sum(). One method takes an array of
integers as a parameter, and the other uses varargs. Both return the total sum.

5. [Memory Map Analysis]
Given the declaration Person p = new Person("Ali");, followed by p = null;, draw
and explain a memory map showing the state of the variable and heap before and
after assigning null.

6. [Encapsulation and Design Flaws]
Review the following class with public fields. Identify the design issues and
rewrite it using proper encapsulation:

public class Item {

public String name;

public int quantity;

}

7. [UML Class Diagram]
Design a UML class diagram for a Student class that includes fields for name, ID
number, and GPA. Include appropriate accessors, mutators, and a method to
display the student’s information.

8. [Method Design]
Create a method that receives two String arguments and returns a new String
that combines them with a hyphen in between (e.g., "first-second").

9. [String Equality]
Explain the difference between using == and .equals() when comparing Strings in
Java. Provide examples where each behaves differently.

10. [Loop Tracing]
Trace the following code and explain the output:
2 | Page

, int total = 0;

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

total += i;

}

System.out.println(total);



11. [Object-Oriented Design]
Design a Car class with attributes make, model, and year. Include a constructor,
accessors, mutators, and a display() method. Then write a short main method to
create a Car object and print its data.

12. [Command Line Arguments]
Write a program that accepts two command line arguments: a first name and an
age. Display a greeting using both. Include error handling for missing or invalid
inputs.

13. [Method Behavior]
Write a method reverseArray(int[] arr) that reverses the contents of an array in-
place. Include appropriate loop logic and a test case in main.

14. [Reference Semantics]
Explain what happens when an array is passed to a method in Java. Include an
example showing that the method can modify the original array.

15. [Wrapper Classes and Autoboxing]
Describe what autoboxing and unboxing mean in Java. Provide a code example
where an Integer object is used in a context expecting an int.

16. [Formatting Output]
Write a Java method that prints a person’s name and GPA using
System.out.printf(), showing the GPA with 2 decimal places.

17. [Debugging Logic]
Given a loop that doesn’t terminate as expected, identify and fix the bug:

int i = 10;

while (i >= 0) {

System.out.println(i);

}




3 | Page

, 18. [Nested If Statements]
Write a Java method that accepts a score (0–100) and prints a grade: A for 90+, B
for 80–89, etc., using nested if/else statements.

19. [Switch Case Fall-Through]
Explain how switch-case fall-through works in Java. Write a switch example where
missing a break causes unexpected output.

20. [Scanner and Input Validation]
Write code using Scanner that asks the user to enter a number between 1 and 10.
Keep prompting until the user enters a valid number.

21. [Array of Objects]
Create an array of 3 Person objects, where Person has name and age fields.
Initialize the array, then write a loop that prints each person’s name and age.

22. [Scope of Variables]
Explain what variable scope means in Java. Give an example showing how a
variable declared in a method differs from one declared inside a loop.

23. [Static vs Instance Members]
Describe the difference between static and instance variables/methods. Provide
an example of a static counter used to count how many objects of a class were
created.

24. [Loop Filtering Logic]
Write a method that prints only the odd numbers from a given array using a for
loop and an if-statement.

25. [Design Flaws in a Class]
The following class performs printing in a getter. Identify the design issue and
rewrite it using better practices:

public class Fruit {

private String variety;

public String getVariety() {

System.out.println(variety);

return variety;

}

}



Answers and Detailed Explanations

4 | Page