MPRE – Professional Responsibility – Multistate Professional
Responsibility Examination – Academic Year 2026 – Study Guide and
Practice Questions
Describe a fiduciary duty. - correct answer ✔✔ putting the client's interests before the lawyers
Describe the duty of loyalty/communication. - correct answer ✔✔ knowing who the client is
and being loyal to them and their interests
Describe the duty of confidentiality. - correct answer ✔✔ clients must feel secure to tell the
lawyer absolutely everything
Describe the duty of candor. - correct answer ✔✔ lawyers are obligated to inform clients of the
good and the bad
Describe Model Rule 1.1: Competence - correct answer ✔✔ A lawyer shall provide competent
representation to a client.
Under Model Rule 1.1, what does competent representation require? - correct answer ✔✔ the
legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness and preparation reasonably necessary for the
representation.
Describe Model Rule 1.3: Diligence - correct answer ✔✔ a lawyer shall act with reasonable
diligence and promptness in representing a client
Describe Model Rule 2.1: Advisor - correct answer ✔✔ In representing a client, a lawyer shall
exercise independent professional judgment and render candid advice. In rendering advice, a
lawyer may refer not only to law but to other considerations such as moral, economic, social
and political factors, that may be relevant to the client's situation.
,Describe Model Rule 4.1: Truthfulness in Statements to Others - correct answer ✔✔ In the
course of representing a client a lawyer shall knowingly: (a) make a false statement of material
fact or law to a third person; or (b) fail to disclose a material fact to a third person when
disclosure is necessary to avoid assisting a criminal or fraudulent act by a client, unless
disclosure is prohibited by Rule 1.6.
Describe Model Rule 1.9: Duties to Former Clients - correct answer ✔✔ A lawyer who has
formerly represented a client in a matter or whose present or former firm has formerly
represented a client in a matter shall not thereafter: (1) use information relating to the
representation to the disadvantage of the former client except as these Rules would permit or
require with respect to a client, o when the information has become generally known; or (2)
reveal information relating to the representation except as these rules would permit or require
with respect to a client.
Under Comment 8 or Model Rule 1.9: Duties to Former Clients, the fact a lawyer has once
served a client does not __________. - correct answer ✔✔ preclude the lawyer from using
generally known information about that client when later representing another client.
Describe Model Rule 1.18(a): Duties to Prospective Clients - correct answer ✔✔ Even when no
client lawyer relationship ensues, a lawyer who has learned information from a prospective
client shall not use or reveal that information, except as Rule 1.9 would permit with respect to
information of a former client.
Describe Model Rule 1.2(a): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation, Crime/Fraud - correct
answer ✔✔ Subject to paragraphs (c) and (d), a lawyer shall abide by a client's decisions
concerning the objectives of representation and, as required by Rule 1.4, shall consult with the
client as to the means by which they are to be pursued. A lawyer may take such action on behalf
of the client as is impliedly authorized to carry out the representation. A lawyer shall abide by a
client's decision whether to settle a matter. In a criminal case, the lawyer shall abide by the
client's decision, after consultation with the lawyer, as to a plea to be entered, whether to waive
jury trial and whether the client will testify.
, Describe Model Rule 1.2(b - correct answer ✔✔ c): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation,
Crime/Fraud- (b) A lawyer's representation of a client, including representation by appointment,
does not constitute an endorsement of the client's political, economic, social or moral views or
activities.(c) A lawyer may limit the scope of the representation if the limitation is reasonable
under the circumstances and the client gives informed consent.
Describe Model Rule 1.2(d): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation, Crime/Fraud - correct
answer ✔✔ A lawyer shall not counsel a client to engage, or assist a client, in conduct that the
lawyer knows is criminal or fraudulent, but a lawyer may discuss the legal consequences of any
proposed course of conduct with a client and may counsel or assist a client to make a good faith
effort to determine the validity, scope, meaning or application of the law.
Under Model Rule 1.4: Communications, a lawyer shall: - correct answer ✔✔ (1) promptly
inform the client of any decision or circumstance with respect to which the client's informed
consent, as defined in Rule 1.0(e), is required by these Rules; (2) reasonably consult with the
client about the means by which the client's objectives are to be accomplished; (3) keep the
client reasonably informed about the status of the matter; (4) promptly comply with reasonable
requests for information; and (5) consult with the client about any relevant limitation on the
lawyer's conduct when the lawyer knows that the client expects assistance not permitted by the
Rules of Professional Conduct or other law.
Under Model Rule 1.4: Communications, a lawyer shall explain a matter to the extent _______. -
correct answer ✔✔ reasonably necessary to permit the client to make informed decisions
regarding the representation.
Define Model Rule 4.2: Communication with Person Represented by Counsel - correct answer
✔✔ In representing a client, a lawyer shall not communicate about the subject of the
representation with a person the lawyer knows to be represented by another lawyer in the
matter, unless the lawyer has the consent of the other lawyer or is authorized to do so by law or
a court order.
Define Model Rule 4.3: Dealing with Unrepresented Person - correct answer ✔✔ In dealing on
behalf of a client with a person who is not represented by counsel, a lawyer shall not state or
Responsibility Examination – Academic Year 2026 – Study Guide and
Practice Questions
Describe a fiduciary duty. - correct answer ✔✔ putting the client's interests before the lawyers
Describe the duty of loyalty/communication. - correct answer ✔✔ knowing who the client is
and being loyal to them and their interests
Describe the duty of confidentiality. - correct answer ✔✔ clients must feel secure to tell the
lawyer absolutely everything
Describe the duty of candor. - correct answer ✔✔ lawyers are obligated to inform clients of the
good and the bad
Describe Model Rule 1.1: Competence - correct answer ✔✔ A lawyer shall provide competent
representation to a client.
Under Model Rule 1.1, what does competent representation require? - correct answer ✔✔ the
legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness and preparation reasonably necessary for the
representation.
Describe Model Rule 1.3: Diligence - correct answer ✔✔ a lawyer shall act with reasonable
diligence and promptness in representing a client
Describe Model Rule 2.1: Advisor - correct answer ✔✔ In representing a client, a lawyer shall
exercise independent professional judgment and render candid advice. In rendering advice, a
lawyer may refer not only to law but to other considerations such as moral, economic, social
and political factors, that may be relevant to the client's situation.
,Describe Model Rule 4.1: Truthfulness in Statements to Others - correct answer ✔✔ In the
course of representing a client a lawyer shall knowingly: (a) make a false statement of material
fact or law to a third person; or (b) fail to disclose a material fact to a third person when
disclosure is necessary to avoid assisting a criminal or fraudulent act by a client, unless
disclosure is prohibited by Rule 1.6.
Describe Model Rule 1.9: Duties to Former Clients - correct answer ✔✔ A lawyer who has
formerly represented a client in a matter or whose present or former firm has formerly
represented a client in a matter shall not thereafter: (1) use information relating to the
representation to the disadvantage of the former client except as these Rules would permit or
require with respect to a client, o when the information has become generally known; or (2)
reveal information relating to the representation except as these rules would permit or require
with respect to a client.
Under Comment 8 or Model Rule 1.9: Duties to Former Clients, the fact a lawyer has once
served a client does not __________. - correct answer ✔✔ preclude the lawyer from using
generally known information about that client when later representing another client.
Describe Model Rule 1.18(a): Duties to Prospective Clients - correct answer ✔✔ Even when no
client lawyer relationship ensues, a lawyer who has learned information from a prospective
client shall not use or reveal that information, except as Rule 1.9 would permit with respect to
information of a former client.
Describe Model Rule 1.2(a): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation, Crime/Fraud - correct
answer ✔✔ Subject to paragraphs (c) and (d), a lawyer shall abide by a client's decisions
concerning the objectives of representation and, as required by Rule 1.4, shall consult with the
client as to the means by which they are to be pursued. A lawyer may take such action on behalf
of the client as is impliedly authorized to carry out the representation. A lawyer shall abide by a
client's decision whether to settle a matter. In a criminal case, the lawyer shall abide by the
client's decision, after consultation with the lawyer, as to a plea to be entered, whether to waive
jury trial and whether the client will testify.
, Describe Model Rule 1.2(b - correct answer ✔✔ c): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation,
Crime/Fraud- (b) A lawyer's representation of a client, including representation by appointment,
does not constitute an endorsement of the client's political, economic, social or moral views or
activities.(c) A lawyer may limit the scope of the representation if the limitation is reasonable
under the circumstances and the client gives informed consent.
Describe Model Rule 1.2(d): Client Decisions, Scope of Representation, Crime/Fraud - correct
answer ✔✔ A lawyer shall not counsel a client to engage, or assist a client, in conduct that the
lawyer knows is criminal or fraudulent, but a lawyer may discuss the legal consequences of any
proposed course of conduct with a client and may counsel or assist a client to make a good faith
effort to determine the validity, scope, meaning or application of the law.
Under Model Rule 1.4: Communications, a lawyer shall: - correct answer ✔✔ (1) promptly
inform the client of any decision or circumstance with respect to which the client's informed
consent, as defined in Rule 1.0(e), is required by these Rules; (2) reasonably consult with the
client about the means by which the client's objectives are to be accomplished; (3) keep the
client reasonably informed about the status of the matter; (4) promptly comply with reasonable
requests for information; and (5) consult with the client about any relevant limitation on the
lawyer's conduct when the lawyer knows that the client expects assistance not permitted by the
Rules of Professional Conduct or other law.
Under Model Rule 1.4: Communications, a lawyer shall explain a matter to the extent _______. -
correct answer ✔✔ reasonably necessary to permit the client to make informed decisions
regarding the representation.
Define Model Rule 4.2: Communication with Person Represented by Counsel - correct answer
✔✔ In representing a client, a lawyer shall not communicate about the subject of the
representation with a person the lawyer knows to be represented by another lawyer in the
matter, unless the lawyer has the consent of the other lawyer or is authorized to do so by law or
a court order.
Define Model Rule 4.3: Dealing with Unrepresented Person - correct answer ✔✔ In dealing on
behalf of a client with a person who is not represented by counsel, a lawyer shall not state or
