TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION
BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH
CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

, TABLEOF CONTENTS w
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Textbook chapters
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• Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics: Includes basic concepts such as
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absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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• Chapter 2: Legal/Ethical: Covers safe medication administration, legal guidelines, and
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preventing medication errors. w d w d




• Chapter 3: Antimicrobials: Focuses on various antimicrobial therapies, including
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penicillins, cephalosporins, antivirals, and antifungals.
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• Chapter 4: Autonomic Nervous System: Discusses medications related to the
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autonomic nervous system, including agonists and antagonists.
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• Chapter 5: Respiratory System: Covers medications used for respiratory disorders,
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such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids.
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• Chapter 6: Cardiovascular & Renal Systems: Addresses medications for the
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cardiovascular and renal systems, including antiarrhythmics, diuretics, and an
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tihypertensives.
• Chapter 7: Gastrointestinal System: Focuses on medications for the GI system, such as a
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ntiulcer medications, laxatives, and antiemetics.
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• Chapter 8: Central Nervous System: Covers CNS depressants, stimulants,
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antidepressants, and anticonvulsants. w d wd




• Chapter 9: Endocrine System: Explores endocrine medications, including
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corticosteroids, antidiabetics, and thyroid medications.
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• Chapter 10: Analgesics & Musculoskeletal System: Includes nonopioid and opioid
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analgesics, as well as anesthetics.
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,CHAPTER1 — PHARMACOKINETICS& PHARMACODYNAMICS w
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Question 1 wd




A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about drug absorption.Which factor prim
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arily affects the rate of absorption after oral administration?
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A. Volume of distribution wd wd




B. Gastric emptying time wd w d




C. Hepatic enzyme activity wd wd




D. Protein binding wd




Correctanswer:B. Gastric emptying time Rational
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e:

• B is correct. Gastric emptying time determines how quickly an orally admini
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stered drug reaches the small intestine, where most absorption occurs; faster e
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mptying → more rapid absorption. wd wd wd wd




• A (Volume of distribution) affects distribution, not initial absorptionrate.
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• C (Hepatic enzyme activity) influences metabolism (first-
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pass effect) and clearance, not the absorption rate from the GI tract.
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• D (Protein binding) affects free drug available for distribution and action, n
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ot the physical process/rate of absorption across the GI mucosa.
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Question 2 wd




A 68-year-
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old patient with decreased renal function is prescribed a drug that is 90% renally exc
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reted unchanged. Which pharmacokinetic change is most likely and requires nurse ac
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tion?
A. Increased hepatic metabolism leading to subtherapeutic levels
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, B. Decreased half-life requiring more frequent dosing wd w d wd wd wd




C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity wd wd wd wd wd




D. Increased first-pass effect reducing bioavailability
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Correctanswer:C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity Rationale:
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• C is correct. Impaired renal excretion leads to decreased clearance of renally
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wd eliminated drugs and increased accumulation → higher plasma levels and pote
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ntial toxicity. Nurse should notify prescriber and anticipate dose reduction or e
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xtended interval. wd




• A (Increasedhepatic metabolism) is unrelated to renal excretion.
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• B (Decreasedhalf-life) is oppositeof expected; renal impairment typically
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increases half-life. wd




• D (Increasedfirst-
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pass effect) refers to hepatic metabolism and would decrease bioavailabil
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ity; not the primary issue with renal impairment.
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Question 3 wd




Which statement bestdescribes volume of distribution (Vd)?
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A. Vd indicates how rapidly a drug is absorbed fromthe GI tract.
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B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues.
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C. Vd is a direct measure of plasma protein binding.
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D. Vd equals the percentage of drug eliminated by the kidneys.
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Correctanswer:B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues. Ratio
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nale: