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Study Guide Package: The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults And
Children 9th Edition By Julia Rogers DNP RN CNS FNP-BC (Author)
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Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
McCance/Huether: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children,
9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their
descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed
largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins,
such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are
responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis. Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
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Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially
destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are
RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called
nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the
Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An
endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury?
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a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
self-digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles
and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic
reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and removing toxic
substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body.
Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap),
which is the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA
synthesis; (2) the S phase (S
= synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2
phase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between
the completion of DNA synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase,
which includes nuclear and cytoplasmic division.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
7. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell
membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes,
TEST BANK For Mccance & Huether’s Pathophysiology - Text And
Study Guide Package: The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults And
Children 9th Edition By Julia Rogers DNP RN CNS FNP-BC (Author)
Most Latest Version 2026 [A+] 2026 Guaranteed Success
TEST BANK For Mccance & Huether’s Pathophysiology - Text And
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/excellentguides
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
McCance/Huether: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children,
9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their
descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed
largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins,
such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are
responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis. Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/excellentguides
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially
destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are
RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called
nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the
Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An
endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury?
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/excellentguides
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
self-digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles
and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic
reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and removing toxic
substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body.
Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap),
which is the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA
synthesis; (2) the S phase (S
= synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2
phase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between
the completion of DNA synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase,
which includes nuclear and cytoplasmic division.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
7. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell
membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes,
