TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION
BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH
CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

, TABLE OF CONTENTS W
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Textbook chaptersWQ




• Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics : Includes basic concepts such a
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s absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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• Chapter 2: Legal/Ethical: Covers safe medication administration, legal guidelines, an
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d preventing medication errors.
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• Chapter 3: Antimicrobials : Focuses on various antimicrobial therapies, includin
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g penicillins, cephalosporins, antivirals, and antifungals.
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• Chapter 4: Autonomic Nervous System: Discusses medications related to t
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he autonomic nervous system, including agonists and antagonists.
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• Chapter 5: Respiratory System: Covers medications used for respiratory disorder
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s, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids.
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• Chapter 6: Cardiovascular & Renal Systems: Addresses medications for th
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e cardiovascular and renal systems, including antiarrhythmics, diuretics, an
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d antihypertensives.
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• Chapter 7: Gastrointestinal System: Focuses on medications for the GI system, such a
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s antiulcer medications, laxatives, and antiemetics.
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• Chapter 8: Central Nervous System: Covers CNS depressants, stimulants
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, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.
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• Chapter 9: Endocrine System: Explores endocrine medications, includin
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g corticosteroids, antidiabetics, and thyroid medications.
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• Chapter 10: Analgesics & Musculoskeletal System: Includes nonopioid and opioi
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d analgesics, as well as anesthetics.
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,CHAPTER1 — PHARMACOKINETICS & PHARMACODYNAMICS W
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Question 1 WQ




A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about drug absorption. Which factor pri
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marily affects the rate of absorption after oral administration?
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A. Volume of distribution WQ WQ




B. Gastric emptying time WQ W Q




C. Hepatic enzyme activity WQ WQ




D. Protein binding WQ




Correct answer: B. Gastric emptying time Rationa
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le:

• B is correct. Gastric emptying time determines how quickly an orally admi
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nistered drug reaches the small intestine, where most absorption occurs; faste
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r emptying → more rapid absorption.
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• A (Volume of distribution) affects distribution, not initial absorptionrate.
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• C (Hepatic enzyme activity) influences metabolism (first-
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pass effect) and clearance, not the absorption rate from the GI tract.
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• D (Protein binding) affects free drug available for distribution and action,
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not the physical process/rate of absorption across the GI mucosa.
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Question 2 WQ




A 68-year-
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old patient with decreased renal function is prescribed a drug that is 90% renally e
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xcreted unchanged. Which pharmacokinetic change is most likely and requires nurs
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e action?
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A. Increased hepatic metabolism leading to subtherapeutic levels
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, B. Decreased half-life requiring more frequent dosing WQ W Q WQ WQ WQ




C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ




D. Increased first-pass effect reducing bioavailability
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Correct answer: C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity Rational
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e:

• C is correct. Impaired renal excretion leads to decreased clearance of renal
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ly eliminated drugs and increased accumulation → higher plasma levels and p
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otential toxicity. Nurse should notify prescriber and anticipate dose reductio
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n or extended interval.
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• A (Increasedhepatic metabolism) is unrelated to renal excretion.
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• B (Decreasedhalf-life) is oppositeof expected; renal impairment typically
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increases half-life. WQ




• D (Increasedfirst-
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pass effect) refers to hepatic metabolism and would decrease bioavailab
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ility; not the primary issue with renal impairment.
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Question 3 WQ




Which statement bestdescribes volume of distribution (Vd)?
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A. Vd indicates how rapidly a drug is absorbed from the GI tract.
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B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues.
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C. Vd is a direct measure of plasma protein binding.
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D. Vd equals the percentage of drug eliminated by the kidneys.
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Correct answer: B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues. Rat
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ionale: