Biology 11 Notes

Kingdom Protista eukaryotes
>
-

Unicellular; simplest
Classification
>
-
can be heterotrophic , autotrophic ,
or
mixotrophic .
animal-like protists
·
Heterotroph :



·

Autotroph plant-like protists :


external digestion
Fungus-like protists
:
·




Evolution
evolved
the first
protists were eukaryotic cells > 1 5 billion yrs ago
-
.


·




origin of the
>
-


Endosymbiosis : hypothesis
ab the enkaryotic cell .




other cells & became the mitochondria
prokaryotes lived inside
.




↳

first Mitochondria by engulfing aerobic
prokaryotes .



4) enk acg
.

.




>
-



Non-photosynthetic prokaryotes captured photosynthetic
prokaryotes & they
became chloroplasts
Evidence :
size
>
-

appropriate DNA
contain their own
-

Chloro & mito .




of DNA
.




circular molecule
single
enzymes contained in the cell membrane of bacteria are
Many
·




found in mitochondria & chloroplast membranes
.




& chloro contain ribosomes -
> resemble bacteria
Mito
,




.




BF
-




to
out similar
replication
.




-
Mito .
& chloro ,
carry
own




Animal-line Protists ·


I Protozoans
Protozoa : first animals
>
-
can more

nutrients by of small molecules /cells
ingestion
.




>
-


heterotrophic obtain ,


contain digestive
>
-
food vacuole :


enzymes for digestion
BF & sexually by
>
-



reproduce a sexually by
conjugation anatomy parameci,
> make
-
up
zooplanktor plant-like : #
defense
Phymn Trychocysts
:
·




for light
-




eyespot
Zoomastigina :Hagela > osmoregulation
·




amoeboids
Contractive vacuole
-



ods
nicellular protists
-

· ,
a
wall
Englenoids
- >
no cell
ciliates > made
Ciliophora ⑤
-
- our
: unicellular,

Dinoflagellates
>
> > of cellulose
-
-

-




non-motic unicellular , glass-line
contain ins
>
-
Diatoms - > ca


Sporozoa
:
silica
>
-



> sea
- weeds : multi , page
marine algae