PSYC 1010 UVA Mazurek Exam #1 Questions With
Complete Answers
psychology - ANSWER scientific study of behavior and mental processes
objective introspection - ANSWER the process of examining and measuring one's own
thoughts and mental activities
structuralism - ANSWER early perspective in psychology associated with Wilhelm Wundt and
Edward Titchener, in which the focus of study is the structure or basic elements of the mind
functionalism - ANSWER early perspective in psychology associated with William James, in
which the focus of study is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play.
gestalt psychology - ANSWER early perspective in psychology focusing on perception and
sensation, particularly the perception of patterns and whole figures
psychoanalysis - ANSWER an insight therapy based on the theory of Freud, emphasizing the
revealing of unconscious conflicts; Freud's term for both the theory of personality and the
therapy based on it
behaviorism - ANSWER the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only
,psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER modern version of psychoanalysis that is more focused
on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of motivations behind a person's
behavior other than sexual motivations
cognitive perspective - ANSWER modern perspective in psychology that focuses on memory,
intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning
cognitive neuroscience - ANSWER study of the physical changes in the brain and nervous
system during thinking
sociocultural perspective - ANSWER perspective that focuses on the relationship between
social behavior and culture, in which thinking and behavior is seen as the product of learning
and shaping within the context of one's family, social group, and culture
biopsychological perspective - ANSWER perspective that attributes human and animal
behavior to biological events occurring in the body, such as genetic influences, hormones,
and the activity of the nervous system
evolutionary perspective - ANSWER perspective that focuses on the biological bases of
universal mental characteristics that all humans share
psychologist - ANSWER a professional with an academic degree and specialized training in
one or more areas of psychology
, psychiatrist - ANSWER a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of
psychological disorders
psychiatric social worker - ANSWER a social worker with some training in therapy methods
who focuses on the environmental conditions that can have an impact on mental disorders,
such as poverty, overcrowding, stress, and drug abuse
basic research - ANSWER research focused on adding information to the scientific knowledge
base
applied research - ANSWER research focused on finding practical solutions to real-world
problems
scientific approach - ANSWER system of gathering data so that bias and error in
measurement are reduced
hypothesis - ANSWER tentative explanation of a phenomenon based on observations
replicate - ANSWER in research, repeating a study or experiment to see if the same results will
be obtained in an effort to demonstrate reliability of results
observer effect - ANSWER tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal
when they know they are being observed
Complete Answers
psychology - ANSWER scientific study of behavior and mental processes
objective introspection - ANSWER the process of examining and measuring one's own
thoughts and mental activities
structuralism - ANSWER early perspective in psychology associated with Wilhelm Wundt and
Edward Titchener, in which the focus of study is the structure or basic elements of the mind
functionalism - ANSWER early perspective in psychology associated with William James, in
which the focus of study is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play.
gestalt psychology - ANSWER early perspective in psychology focusing on perception and
sensation, particularly the perception of patterns and whole figures
psychoanalysis - ANSWER an insight therapy based on the theory of Freud, emphasizing the
revealing of unconscious conflicts; Freud's term for both the theory of personality and the
therapy based on it
behaviorism - ANSWER the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only
,psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER modern version of psychoanalysis that is more focused
on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of motivations behind a person's
behavior other than sexual motivations
cognitive perspective - ANSWER modern perspective in psychology that focuses on memory,
intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning
cognitive neuroscience - ANSWER study of the physical changes in the brain and nervous
system during thinking
sociocultural perspective - ANSWER perspective that focuses on the relationship between
social behavior and culture, in which thinking and behavior is seen as the product of learning
and shaping within the context of one's family, social group, and culture
biopsychological perspective - ANSWER perspective that attributes human and animal
behavior to biological events occurring in the body, such as genetic influences, hormones,
and the activity of the nervous system
evolutionary perspective - ANSWER perspective that focuses on the biological bases of
universal mental characteristics that all humans share
psychologist - ANSWER a professional with an academic degree and specialized training in
one or more areas of psychology
, psychiatrist - ANSWER a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of
psychological disorders
psychiatric social worker - ANSWER a social worker with some training in therapy methods
who focuses on the environmental conditions that can have an impact on mental disorders,
such as poverty, overcrowding, stress, and drug abuse
basic research - ANSWER research focused on adding information to the scientific knowledge
base
applied research - ANSWER research focused on finding practical solutions to real-world
problems
scientific approach - ANSWER system of gathering data so that bias and error in
measurement are reduced
hypothesis - ANSWER tentative explanation of a phenomenon based on observations
replicate - ANSWER in research, repeating a study or experiment to see if the same results will
be obtained in an effort to demonstrate reliability of results
observer effect - ANSWER tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal
when they know they are being observed
