NURS 3303 - Patho Exam 4 Review Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
An increase in intracranial pressure results in
a. increase in production of CSF fluid
b. Peripheral hypotension
c. cerebral tissue hypoxia
d. hydrocephalus - Answers c. cerebral tissue hypoxia
- Increased ICP causes brain tissue hypoxia
Cushing's Reflex is triggered by the body's attempt to increase blood flow to the brain. This is
manifested by (choose all the apply)
a. systemic vasoconstriction (> Increased BP)
b. Decreased pulse pressure
c. Increased respirations
d. Lower heart rate - Answers a. systemic vasoconstriction (> Increased BP)
d. Lower heart rate
Cushing's Reflex: increased vasoconstriction (increased BP) to move more blood into the brain,
carotid baroreceptors lower pulse rate, respirations decrease. Pulse pressure widens or
increases as ICP increases.
Increased intracranial pressure symptoms include (choose all that apply):
a. Decreased LOC
b. Headache
c. Papilledema
d. Projectile vomiting - Answers ALL of the above
Which statements accurately describe a concussion? (choose all that apply)
a. Injury due to penetration of sharp object
b. Most common type of traumatic brain injury
, c. Includes fractured skull
d. Caused by sudden excessive movement of the brain that can cause loss of consciousness -
Answers b. Most common type of traumatic brain injury
d. Caused by sudden excessive movement of the brain that can cause loss of consciousness
Concussions, a closed head injury are common and occur as a result of sudden excessive
movement of the brain that disrupts normal brain function and can cause loss of
consciousness.
During routine assessment, the patient is noticeably more lethargic and cannot answer
questions. The change in level of consciousness is considered to be
a. Motor reflex response to injury
b. Reflexive response
c. Indicative of change in cerebral function
d. Impacts respiratory and pulse rate - Answers c. Indicative of change in cerebral function
Change in LOC are indicative of a change in brain function. Assessment of LOC is a critical
index of brain function.
A client is admitted with loss of motion on the right side and inability to speak. You suspect a
lesion in the brain where?
a. Left parietal area
b. Right occipital area
c. Left frontal lobe
d. Cerebellum - Answers c. Left frontal lobe
Left frontal lobe includes motor cortex and Brocca's area. Lesion is contralateral to area of
deficit.
The portion of the brain that connects directly with the spinal cord is the:
a. Cerebellum
An increase in intracranial pressure results in
a. increase in production of CSF fluid
b. Peripheral hypotension
c. cerebral tissue hypoxia
d. hydrocephalus - Answers c. cerebral tissue hypoxia
- Increased ICP causes brain tissue hypoxia
Cushing's Reflex is triggered by the body's attempt to increase blood flow to the brain. This is
manifested by (choose all the apply)
a. systemic vasoconstriction (> Increased BP)
b. Decreased pulse pressure
c. Increased respirations
d. Lower heart rate - Answers a. systemic vasoconstriction (> Increased BP)
d. Lower heart rate
Cushing's Reflex: increased vasoconstriction (increased BP) to move more blood into the brain,
carotid baroreceptors lower pulse rate, respirations decrease. Pulse pressure widens or
increases as ICP increases.
Increased intracranial pressure symptoms include (choose all that apply):
a. Decreased LOC
b. Headache
c. Papilledema
d. Projectile vomiting - Answers ALL of the above
Which statements accurately describe a concussion? (choose all that apply)
a. Injury due to penetration of sharp object
b. Most common type of traumatic brain injury
, c. Includes fractured skull
d. Caused by sudden excessive movement of the brain that can cause loss of consciousness -
Answers b. Most common type of traumatic brain injury
d. Caused by sudden excessive movement of the brain that can cause loss of consciousness
Concussions, a closed head injury are common and occur as a result of sudden excessive
movement of the brain that disrupts normal brain function and can cause loss of
consciousness.
During routine assessment, the patient is noticeably more lethargic and cannot answer
questions. The change in level of consciousness is considered to be
a. Motor reflex response to injury
b. Reflexive response
c. Indicative of change in cerebral function
d. Impacts respiratory and pulse rate - Answers c. Indicative of change in cerebral function
Change in LOC are indicative of a change in brain function. Assessment of LOC is a critical
index of brain function.
A client is admitted with loss of motion on the right side and inability to speak. You suspect a
lesion in the brain where?
a. Left parietal area
b. Right occipital area
c. Left frontal lobe
d. Cerebellum - Answers c. Left frontal lobe
Left frontal lobe includes motor cortex and Brocca's area. Lesion is contralateral to area of
deficit.
The portion of the brain that connects directly with the spinal cord is the:
a. Cerebellum
