CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT EXAM
ELABORATED WITH
ACCURATE AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotio n
1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections
among clients? The nurse:
1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap.
2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds.
3) washes hands only after leaving each room.
4) uses cold water for medical asepsis.
2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized
patients?
1) Airborne microbes from other patients
2) Contact with contaminated equipment
3) Hands of healthcare workers
4) Exposure from family members
3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining medical
asepsis?
1) Washing hands
2) Donning gloves
3) Applying sterile drapes
4) Wearing a gown
4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is
considered a:
1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4) carrier.
5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse
institute when caring for this patient?
1) Droplet transmission
,2) Airborne transmission
3) Direct contact
4) Indirect contact
, 6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous
antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed?
1) Endogenous nosocomial
2) Exogenous nosocomial
3) Latent
4) Primary
7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2
days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of
infection is the patient most likely experiencing?
1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4) Convalescence
8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is
necessary to help maintain sterile technique?
1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field
2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
3) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field
4) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure
9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These
findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
1) Phagocytosis
2) Complement cascade
3) Inflammation
4) Immunity
10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving
an antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response?
1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
4) IgM
11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of
immunoglobulin G?
1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active
, 12. pA ppatient pasks pthe pnurse pwhy pthere pis pno pvaccine pavailable pfor pthe pcommon pcold.
pWhich presponse pby pthe pnurse pis pcorrect?
1) The pvirus pmutates ptoo prapidly pto pdevelop pa pvaccine.
2) Vaccines pare pdeveloped ponly pfor pvery pserious p illnesses.
3) Researchers pare pfocusing pefforts pon pan pHIV pvaccine.
4) The pvirus pfor pthe pcommon pcold phas pnot pbeen pidentified.
1 . pA ppatient pwho phas pa ptemperature pof p101F p(38.3C) pmost plikely prequires:
1) acetaminophen p(Tylenol).
2) increased pfluids.
3) bedrest.
4) tepid pbath.
14. pWhy pis pa plotion pwithout ppetroleum ppreferred pover pa ppetroleum-based pproduct pas pa
pskin pprotectant? pIt:
1) Prevents pmicroorganisms pfrom padhering pto pthe pskin.
2) Facilitates pthe pabsorption pof platex pproteins pthrough pthe pskin.
3) Decreases pthe prisk pof platex pallergies.
4) Prevents pthe pskin pfrom pdrying pand pchaffing.
15. pFor pwhich prange pof ptime pmust pa pnurse pwash pher phands pbefore pworking pin pthe
poperating proom?
1) 1 pto p2 pminutes
2) 2 pto p4 pminutes
3) 2 pto p6 pminutes
4) 6 pto p10 pminutes
16. pHow pshould pthe pnurse pdispose pof pthe pbreakfast ptray pof pa ppatient pwho prequires
pairborne pisolation?
1) Place pthe ptray pin pa pspecially pmarked ptrash pcan pinside pthe ppatients proom.
Place pthe ptray pin pa pspecial pisolation pbag pheld pby pa psecond phealthcare pworker pat pthe
2) ppatients pdoor.
Return pthe ptraypwith pa pnote pto pdietarypservices pso pit pcan pbe pcleaned pand preused pfor pthe
3) pnext pmeal.
Carrypthe ptraypto pan pisolation ptrash preceptacle plocated pin pthe pdirty putilityproom pand
4) pdispose pof pit pthere.
1 . pHow pmuch pliquid psoap pshould pthe pnurse puse pfor peffective phand pwashing? pAt pleast:
1) 2 pmL
2) 3 pmL
3) 6 pmL
4) 7 pmL
TREATMENT EXAM
ELABORATED WITH
ACCURATE AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotio n
1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections
among clients? The nurse:
1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap.
2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds.
3) washes hands only after leaving each room.
4) uses cold water for medical asepsis.
2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized
patients?
1) Airborne microbes from other patients
2) Contact with contaminated equipment
3) Hands of healthcare workers
4) Exposure from family members
3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining medical
asepsis?
1) Washing hands
2) Donning gloves
3) Applying sterile drapes
4) Wearing a gown
4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is
considered a:
1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4) carrier.
5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse
institute when caring for this patient?
1) Droplet transmission
,2) Airborne transmission
3) Direct contact
4) Indirect contact
, 6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous
antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed?
1) Endogenous nosocomial
2) Exogenous nosocomial
3) Latent
4) Primary
7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2
days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of
infection is the patient most likely experiencing?
1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4) Convalescence
8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is
necessary to help maintain sterile technique?
1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field
2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
3) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field
4) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure
9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These
findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
1) Phagocytosis
2) Complement cascade
3) Inflammation
4) Immunity
10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving
an antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response?
1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
4) IgM
11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of
immunoglobulin G?
1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active
, 12. pA ppatient pasks pthe pnurse pwhy pthere pis pno pvaccine pavailable pfor pthe pcommon pcold.
pWhich presponse pby pthe pnurse pis pcorrect?
1) The pvirus pmutates ptoo prapidly pto pdevelop pa pvaccine.
2) Vaccines pare pdeveloped ponly pfor pvery pserious p illnesses.
3) Researchers pare pfocusing pefforts pon pan pHIV pvaccine.
4) The pvirus pfor pthe pcommon pcold phas pnot pbeen pidentified.
1 . pA ppatient pwho phas pa ptemperature pof p101F p(38.3C) pmost plikely prequires:
1) acetaminophen p(Tylenol).
2) increased pfluids.
3) bedrest.
4) tepid pbath.
14. pWhy pis pa plotion pwithout ppetroleum ppreferred pover pa ppetroleum-based pproduct pas pa
pskin pprotectant? pIt:
1) Prevents pmicroorganisms pfrom padhering pto pthe pskin.
2) Facilitates pthe pabsorption pof platex pproteins pthrough pthe pskin.
3) Decreases pthe prisk pof platex pallergies.
4) Prevents pthe pskin pfrom pdrying pand pchaffing.
15. pFor pwhich prange pof ptime pmust pa pnurse pwash pher phands pbefore pworking pin pthe
poperating proom?
1) 1 pto p2 pminutes
2) 2 pto p4 pminutes
3) 2 pto p6 pminutes
4) 6 pto p10 pminutes
16. pHow pshould pthe pnurse pdispose pof pthe pbreakfast ptray pof pa ppatient pwho prequires
pairborne pisolation?
1) Place pthe ptray pin pa pspecially pmarked ptrash pcan pinside pthe ppatients proom.
Place pthe ptray pin pa pspecial pisolation pbag pheld pby pa psecond phealthcare pworker pat pthe
2) ppatients pdoor.
Return pthe ptraypwith pa pnote pto pdietarypservices pso pit pcan pbe pcleaned pand preused pfor pthe
3) pnext pmeal.
Carrypthe ptraypto pan pisolation ptrash preceptacle plocated pin pthe pdirty putilityproom pand
4) pdispose pof pit pthere.
1 . pHow pmuch pliquid psoap pshould pthe pnurse puse pfor peffective phand pwashing? pAt pleast:
1) 2 pmL
2) 3 pmL
3) 6 pmL
4) 7 pmL
