HROB 2090 Exam Review Questions With
Correct Answers
Organizations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Social |inventions |for |accomplishing |common |goals |
through |group |effort.
Organizational |Behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |attitudes |and |beliefs |of |individuals |and |
groups |in |organizations.
Human |Resources |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Programs, |practices, |and |systems |to |
acquire, |develop, |motivate, |and |retain |employees |in |organizations.
Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |art |of |getting |things |accomplished |in |organizations |
through |others.
Evidence-Based |Mgmt |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Translating |principles |based |on |the |best |
scientific |evidence |into |organized |practices.
Classical |Viewpoint |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |early |prescription |on |management |that |
advocates |a |high |specialization |of |labour, |intensive |coordination, |and |centralized |decision |
making.
Scientific |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Fredrick |Taylor's |system |to |using |research |to |
determine |the |optimal |degree |of |specialization |and |standardization |of |work |tasks
Bureaucracy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Max |Weber's |ideal |type |of |organization |that |included |a |
strict |chain |of |command, |detailed |rules, |high |specialization, |centralized |power, |and |selection |
and |promotion |based |on |technical |competence.
,Hawthorne |Studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Research |conducted |in |the |1920's |and |1930's |at |
the |Hawthorne |plant |of |Western |Electric |near |Chicago |that |illustrated |how |psychological |and |
social |processes |affect |productivity |and |work |adjustment.
Human |Relations |Movement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |critique |of |classical |management |and |
bureaucracy |that |advocated |management |styles |that |were |more |participative |and |oriented |
toward |employee |needs.
Contingency |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |approach |to |management |that |recognizes |
that |there |is |no |on |best |way |to |manage, |and |that |an |appropriate |management |style |depends |
on |the |demands |of |the |situation.
Workplace |Spirituality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |workplace |that |provides |employees |with |
meaning, |purpose, |a |sense |of |community, |and |a |connection |to |others.
Positive |Organizational |Behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |and |application |of |
positively |oriented |human |resource |strengths |and |psychological |capabilities |that |can |be |
measured, |developed, |and |effectively |managed |for |performance |improvement.
Psychological |Capital |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |individual's |positive |psychological |state |of |
development |that |is |characterized |by |self |efficacy, |optimism, |hope, |and |resilience.
Talent |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |organization's |processes |for |attracting, |
developing, |retaining, |and |utilizing |people |with |the |required |skills |to |meet |current |and |future |
business |needs.
Work |Engagement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |positive |work-related |state |of |mind |that |is |
characterized |by |vigour, |dedication, |and |absorption.
,Corporate |Social |Responsibility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |organization |taking |responsibility |
for |the |impact |of |its |decisions |and |actions |on |its |stakeholders.
Personality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |relatively |stable |set |of |psychological |characteristics |
that |influences |the |wan |an |individual |interacts |with |his |or |her |environment
Dispositional |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Individuals |possess |stable |traits |or |
characteristics |that |influence |their |attitudes |and |behaviours.
Situational |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Characteristics |of |the |organizational |setting |
influence |people's |attitudes |and |behaviour.
Interactionist |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Individuals' |attitudes |and |behaviour |are |a |
function |of |both |dispositions |and |the |situation.
Trait |activation |theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Traits |lead |to |certain |behaviours |only |when |the
|situation |makes |the |need |for |the |trait |salient
Locus |of |Control |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |set |of |beliefs |about |whether |one's |behaviour |is |
controlled |mainly |by |internal |or |external |forces.
Self-monitoring |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |extent |to |which |people |observe |and |regulate |
how |they |appear |and |behave |in |social |settings |and |relationships.
Self-esteem |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |degree |to |which |a |person |has |a |positive |self-
evaluation.
Behavioural |Plasticity |theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-People |with |low |self-esteem |tend |to |be |
more |susceptible |to |external |and |social |influences |than |those |who |have |high |self-esteem.
, Positive |affectivity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Propensity |to |view |the |world, |including |oneself |
and |other |people, |in |a |positive |light.
Negative |affectivity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Propensity |to |view |the |world, |including |oneself |
and |other |people, |in |a |negative |light.
Proactive |behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Taking |initiative |to |improve |current |
circumstances |or |creating |new |ones.
Proactive |personality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |stable |personal |disposition |that |reflects |a |
tendency |to |take |personal |initiative |across |a |range |of |activities |and |situations |to |effect |positive
|change |in |one's |environment.
General |Self-efficacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |general |trait |that |refers |to |an |individual's |
belief |in |his |or |her |ability |to |perform |successfully |in |a |variety |of |challenging |situations.
Core |Self-evaluations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |broad |personality |concept |that |consists |of |
more |specific |traits |that |reflect |the |evaluations |people |hold |about |themselves |and |their |self-
worth.
Learning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |relatively |permanent |change |in |behaviour |potential |that |
occurs |due |to |practice |or |experience.
Operant |learning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Learning |by |which |the |subject |learns |to |operate |on |
the |environment |to |achieve |certain |consequences.
Reinforcement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |process |by |which |stimuli |strengthen |behaviours.
Correct Answers
Organizations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Social |inventions |for |accomplishing |common |goals |
through |group |effort.
Organizational |Behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |attitudes |and |beliefs |of |individuals |and |
groups |in |organizations.
Human |Resources |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Programs, |practices, |and |systems |to |
acquire, |develop, |motivate, |and |retain |employees |in |organizations.
Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |art |of |getting |things |accomplished |in |organizations |
through |others.
Evidence-Based |Mgmt |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Translating |principles |based |on |the |best |
scientific |evidence |into |organized |practices.
Classical |Viewpoint |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |early |prescription |on |management |that |
advocates |a |high |specialization |of |labour, |intensive |coordination, |and |centralized |decision |
making.
Scientific |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Fredrick |Taylor's |system |to |using |research |to |
determine |the |optimal |degree |of |specialization |and |standardization |of |work |tasks
Bureaucracy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Max |Weber's |ideal |type |of |organization |that |included |a |
strict |chain |of |command, |detailed |rules, |high |specialization, |centralized |power, |and |selection |
and |promotion |based |on |technical |competence.
,Hawthorne |Studies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Research |conducted |in |the |1920's |and |1930's |at |
the |Hawthorne |plant |of |Western |Electric |near |Chicago |that |illustrated |how |psychological |and |
social |processes |affect |productivity |and |work |adjustment.
Human |Relations |Movement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |critique |of |classical |management |and |
bureaucracy |that |advocated |management |styles |that |were |more |participative |and |oriented |
toward |employee |needs.
Contingency |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |approach |to |management |that |recognizes |
that |there |is |no |on |best |way |to |manage, |and |that |an |appropriate |management |style |depends |
on |the |demands |of |the |situation.
Workplace |Spirituality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |workplace |that |provides |employees |with |
meaning, |purpose, |a |sense |of |community, |and |a |connection |to |others.
Positive |Organizational |Behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |and |application |of |
positively |oriented |human |resource |strengths |and |psychological |capabilities |that |can |be |
measured, |developed, |and |effectively |managed |for |performance |improvement.
Psychological |Capital |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |individual's |positive |psychological |state |of |
development |that |is |characterized |by |self |efficacy, |optimism, |hope, |and |resilience.
Talent |Management |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |organization's |processes |for |attracting, |
developing, |retaining, |and |utilizing |people |with |the |required |skills |to |meet |current |and |future |
business |needs.
Work |Engagement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |positive |work-related |state |of |mind |that |is |
characterized |by |vigour, |dedication, |and |absorption.
,Corporate |Social |Responsibility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |organization |taking |responsibility |
for |the |impact |of |its |decisions |and |actions |on |its |stakeholders.
Personality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |relatively |stable |set |of |psychological |characteristics |
that |influences |the |wan |an |individual |interacts |with |his |or |her |environment
Dispositional |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Individuals |possess |stable |traits |or |
characteristics |that |influence |their |attitudes |and |behaviours.
Situational |Approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Characteristics |of |the |organizational |setting |
influence |people's |attitudes |and |behaviour.
Interactionist |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Individuals' |attitudes |and |behaviour |are |a |
function |of |both |dispositions |and |the |situation.
Trait |activation |theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Traits |lead |to |certain |behaviours |only |when |the
|situation |makes |the |need |for |the |trait |salient
Locus |of |Control |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |set |of |beliefs |about |whether |one's |behaviour |is |
controlled |mainly |by |internal |or |external |forces.
Self-monitoring |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |extent |to |which |people |observe |and |regulate |
how |they |appear |and |behave |in |social |settings |and |relationships.
Self-esteem |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |degree |to |which |a |person |has |a |positive |self-
evaluation.
Behavioural |Plasticity |theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-People |with |low |self-esteem |tend |to |be |
more |susceptible |to |external |and |social |influences |than |those |who |have |high |self-esteem.
, Positive |affectivity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Propensity |to |view |the |world, |including |oneself |
and |other |people, |in |a |positive |light.
Negative |affectivity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Propensity |to |view |the |world, |including |oneself |
and |other |people, |in |a |negative |light.
Proactive |behaviour |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Taking |initiative |to |improve |current |
circumstances |or |creating |new |ones.
Proactive |personality |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |stable |personal |disposition |that |reflects |a |
tendency |to |take |personal |initiative |across |a |range |of |activities |and |situations |to |effect |positive
|change |in |one's |environment.
General |Self-efficacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |general |trait |that |refers |to |an |individual's |
belief |in |his |or |her |ability |to |perform |successfully |in |a |variety |of |challenging |situations.
Core |Self-evaluations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |broad |personality |concept |that |consists |of |
more |specific |traits |that |reflect |the |evaluations |people |hold |about |themselves |and |their |self-
worth.
Learning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |relatively |permanent |change |in |behaviour |potential |that |
occurs |due |to |practice |or |experience.
Operant |learning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Learning |by |which |the |subject |learns |to |operate |on |
the |environment |to |achieve |certain |consequences.
Reinforcement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |process |by |which |stimuli |strengthen |behaviours.
