Listening - ANSWER -the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and
responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages
* involves hearing, seeing, feeling
Hearing - ANSWER -physiological process that occurs when sound waves are
processed by the central nervous system
Listening process - ANSWER - attention
* focusing
-interpretation
* understanding
-evaluation
* judging for accuracy, usefulness
-responding
* showing appropriately that are you listening
* ex. Nonverbals, paraphrasing
Discriminatory listening - ANSWER -distinguish between different words, sounds,
meanings
Appreciative listening - ANSWER -derive pleasure and enjoyment
* ex. Listening to music
1
,Comprehensive listening - ANSWER -receive and remember new information
* ex. Reminding yourself to set the alarm, lock the door
Evaluative listening - ANSWER -judge accuracy, honesty, completeness
* ex. Evaluating if what your prof says will be on the exam
Empathic listening - ANSWER -seeks to comfort and help
Problem-focused listening - ANSWER -seeks to understand and diagnose relational
problems
People-oriented listening style - ANSWER -people who listen with the purpose of
building relationships
Content-oriented listening style - ANSWER -people who are interested in gleaning
information, and understanding what is being said (ex. Someone who loves watching
documentaries)
Action-oriented listening style - ANSWER -someone who is listening to accomplish a
goal quickly and efficiently (ex."cut to the chase")
Time-oriented listening style - ANSWER -someone who wants something to be done
concisely (ex. Simply desire quick communication)
Content messages - ANSWER -verbal
-what is "actually said"
* ex. "the test is friday"
2
, Relational messages - ANSWER -often nonverbal (but not always)
-says something about how participants feel about each other (i.e. "between the lines"
Functions of relational messages - ANSWER -relational message may give a "neutral"
content message relational message
* ex. "shut the door" (can mean diff things depending on the tone of voice)
* ex. "call me tomorrow"
-relational message may repeat or contradict content message
*ex. "I just love you so much" ("just" and hand over heart means sincerity; but if there is a
sarcastic tone then it isn't sincere)
Dominance-submission (relational message theme) - ANSWER -dominance: take
control
-submission: give control
-dominance and submission messages:
* one-up (takes control)
* one-down (gives control)
* one-across (neutral message)
Emotional arousal (relational message theme) - ANSWER -feeling/showing emotion-
showing no emotion
* ex. "this is fun" vs. Acting indifferent
Composure (relational message theme) - ANSWER -self-control vs. Out-of-control (how
self contained you are, how much you contain your emotion)
*ex. "I hate you" vs. Remaining calm
Similarity (relational message theme) - ANSWER -similar vs. Dissimilar
-often communicated through appearance
3
responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages
* involves hearing, seeing, feeling
Hearing - ANSWER -physiological process that occurs when sound waves are
processed by the central nervous system
Listening process - ANSWER - attention
* focusing
-interpretation
* understanding
-evaluation
* judging for accuracy, usefulness
-responding
* showing appropriately that are you listening
* ex. Nonverbals, paraphrasing
Discriminatory listening - ANSWER -distinguish between different words, sounds,
meanings
Appreciative listening - ANSWER -derive pleasure and enjoyment
* ex. Listening to music
1
,Comprehensive listening - ANSWER -receive and remember new information
* ex. Reminding yourself to set the alarm, lock the door
Evaluative listening - ANSWER -judge accuracy, honesty, completeness
* ex. Evaluating if what your prof says will be on the exam
Empathic listening - ANSWER -seeks to comfort and help
Problem-focused listening - ANSWER -seeks to understand and diagnose relational
problems
People-oriented listening style - ANSWER -people who listen with the purpose of
building relationships
Content-oriented listening style - ANSWER -people who are interested in gleaning
information, and understanding what is being said (ex. Someone who loves watching
documentaries)
Action-oriented listening style - ANSWER -someone who is listening to accomplish a
goal quickly and efficiently (ex."cut to the chase")
Time-oriented listening style - ANSWER -someone who wants something to be done
concisely (ex. Simply desire quick communication)
Content messages - ANSWER -verbal
-what is "actually said"
* ex. "the test is friday"
2
, Relational messages - ANSWER -often nonverbal (but not always)
-says something about how participants feel about each other (i.e. "between the lines"
Functions of relational messages - ANSWER -relational message may give a "neutral"
content message relational message
* ex. "shut the door" (can mean diff things depending on the tone of voice)
* ex. "call me tomorrow"
-relational message may repeat or contradict content message
*ex. "I just love you so much" ("just" and hand over heart means sincerity; but if there is a
sarcastic tone then it isn't sincere)
Dominance-submission (relational message theme) - ANSWER -dominance: take
control
-submission: give control
-dominance and submission messages:
* one-up (takes control)
* one-down (gives control)
* one-across (neutral message)
Emotional arousal (relational message theme) - ANSWER -feeling/showing emotion-
showing no emotion
* ex. "this is fun" vs. Acting indifferent
Composure (relational message theme) - ANSWER -self-control vs. Out-of-control (how
self contained you are, how much you contain your emotion)
*ex. "I hate you" vs. Remaining calm
Similarity (relational message theme) - ANSWER -similar vs. Dissimilar
-often communicated through appearance
3
