ABFM ITE Questions and Correct
Responses
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - CORRECT RESPONSE -Azithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common in
patients with a prior cardiac history.
Anti-DM medications for weight loss - CORRECT RESPONSE -GLP1 receptor agonists e.g.
Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -PSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Asymmetric leg
weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients with
severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with severe renal
impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - CORRECT RESPONSE -Adults 55-80yo
with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - CORRECT RESPONSE -Dabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - CORRECT RESPONSE -Disulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - CORRECT RESPONSE -Paroxetine (associated with
more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration of an
autism-specific screening tool - CORRECT RESPONSE -18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - CORRECT RESPONSE -
,Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -Heart blocks
Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Vaginal pH >4.5
(normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings in the
United States - CORRECT RESPONSE -Antibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Not recommended
In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
CORRECT RESPONSE -
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - CORRECT RESPONSE -Individuals who have a first-
degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening
colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their family,
whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - CORRECT RESPONSE -Genetic inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits for
employees who are nursing mothers - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - CORRECT RESPONSE -All currently
available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can potentially
provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can proceed
without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can also receive any
influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or vomiting,
or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or egg-containing
foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status and also
do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be administered by a provider who
can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
,How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Helps to
assess the risk of falling
Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant atypical
antipsychotics - CORRECT RESPONSE -Citalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this effect. Both
tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also taking SSRIs, can
cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - CORRECT RESPONSE -Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - CORRECT RESPONSE -TCAs > SSRIs (helps
with some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should begin at
what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - CORRECT RESPONSE -4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day) should
begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the infant had
multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is commonly
observed? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Coagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - CORRECT RESPONSE -Metformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - CORRECT RESPONSE
-Elevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes of skin
and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Pseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Erythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -
, Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Echocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - CORRECT RESPONSE -3 months and
indefinitely respectively
In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations can be
done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - CORRECT RESPONSE -BNP and
procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Add niacin
Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -High fibre or take fibre
supplements
Side effects of prolonged PPI use - CORRECT RESPONSE -C diff infection, hypoMg, hip fracture
Which antiemetic blocks dopamine stimulation in the chemoreceptor trigger zone? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Metoclopramide
Little League shoulder is a repetitive use injury causing disruption at the proximal growth plate
of the humerus - CORRECT RESPONSE -Proximal humeral epiphysitis.
Can be seen on plain radiographs as widening, demineralization, or sclerosis at the growth
plate.
Taking beta carotene and Vit E to prevent cancer and heart disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Fluoride supplementation should be started at what age when primary water supply is deficient
in fluoride - CORRECT RESPONSE -6 months
Medications that can reduce serum Vitamin D levels - CORRECT RESPONSE -Rifampicin,
Phenytoin
Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tear - CORRECT RESPONSE -Direct blow to the anterior tibia
whilst knee is in flexion
What should patients be periodically monitored for whilst on Amiodarone? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -TSH
Drug of choice in depressed persons with cardiovascular disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -SSRIs
Antibiotics causing prolonged QT - CORRECT RESPONSE -Macrolides
Benign nocturnal limb pains of childhood (previously known as "growing pains") - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Usually occur in the evening or night time, may sometimes wake patient from sleep,
short-lived (about 30min), not associated with redness/swelling/tenderness/limping.
Responses
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - CORRECT RESPONSE -Azithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common in
patients with a prior cardiac history.
Anti-DM medications for weight loss - CORRECT RESPONSE -GLP1 receptor agonists e.g.
Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -PSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Asymmetric leg
weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients with
severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with severe renal
impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - CORRECT RESPONSE -Adults 55-80yo
with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - CORRECT RESPONSE -Dabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - CORRECT RESPONSE -Disulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - CORRECT RESPONSE -Paroxetine (associated with
more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration of an
autism-specific screening tool - CORRECT RESPONSE -18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - CORRECT RESPONSE -
,Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -Heart blocks
Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Vaginal pH >4.5
(normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings in the
United States - CORRECT RESPONSE -Antibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -Not recommended
In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
CORRECT RESPONSE -
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - CORRECT RESPONSE -Individuals who have a first-
degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening
colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their family,
whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - CORRECT RESPONSE -Genetic inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits for
employees who are nursing mothers - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - CORRECT RESPONSE -All currently
available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can potentially
provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can proceed
without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can also receive any
influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or vomiting,
or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or egg-containing
foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status and also
do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be administered by a provider who
can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
,How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Helps to
assess the risk of falling
Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant atypical
antipsychotics - CORRECT RESPONSE -Citalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this effect. Both
tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also taking SSRIs, can
cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - CORRECT RESPONSE -Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - CORRECT RESPONSE -TCAs > SSRIs (helps
with some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should begin at
what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - CORRECT RESPONSE -4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day) should
begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the infant had
multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is commonly
observed? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Coagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - CORRECT RESPONSE -Metformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - CORRECT RESPONSE
-Elevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes of skin
and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Pseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Erythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -
, Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Echocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - CORRECT RESPONSE -3 months and
indefinitely respectively
In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations can be
done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - CORRECT RESPONSE -BNP and
procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - CORRECT RESPONSE -Add niacin
Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis - CORRECT RESPONSE -High fibre or take fibre
supplements
Side effects of prolonged PPI use - CORRECT RESPONSE -C diff infection, hypoMg, hip fracture
Which antiemetic blocks dopamine stimulation in the chemoreceptor trigger zone? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Metoclopramide
Little League shoulder is a repetitive use injury causing disruption at the proximal growth plate
of the humerus - CORRECT RESPONSE -Proximal humeral epiphysitis.
Can be seen on plain radiographs as widening, demineralization, or sclerosis at the growth
plate.
Taking beta carotene and Vit E to prevent cancer and heart disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -
Fluoride supplementation should be started at what age when primary water supply is deficient
in fluoride - CORRECT RESPONSE -6 months
Medications that can reduce serum Vitamin D levels - CORRECT RESPONSE -Rifampicin,
Phenytoin
Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tear - CORRECT RESPONSE -Direct blow to the anterior tibia
whilst knee is in flexion
What should patients be periodically monitored for whilst on Amiodarone? - CORRECT
RESPONSE -TSH
Drug of choice in depressed persons with cardiovascular disease - CORRECT RESPONSE -SSRIs
Antibiotics causing prolonged QT - CORRECT RESPONSE -Macrolides
Benign nocturnal limb pains of childhood (previously known as "growing pains") - CORRECT
RESPONSE -Usually occur in the evening or night time, may sometimes wake patient from sleep,
short-lived (about 30min), not associated with redness/swelling/tenderness/limping.
