Advanced Clinical Nursing: Comprehensive
Exam Questions & AnswersLocal Anaesthetics
1
how does conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve occur?
all or nothing event called the action potential
2
what is an action potential?
all or nothing event that facilitates conduction of electrical impulse
through nerves
3
what is an action potential caused by?
voltage dependent opening of sodium and potassium channels in the
cell membrane
4
what ion channels are involved in the creation of an action potential?
Na+ and K+
,5
describe the Na+ concentration outside a nerve cell
high
6
describe the K+ concentration outside a nerve cell
low
7
describe the Na+ concentration inside a nerve cell
low
8
describe the K+ concentration inside a nerve cell
high
9
how is the concentration of sodium and potassium within a nerve cell
maintained?
Na+/K+ pump uses ATP to move 2 potassium ions and 3 sodium ions
against their concentration gradients
, 10
how many sodium and potassium ions are exchanged by the Na+/K+
pump?
2K+ ions into the cell and 3Na+ ions out
11
what is the method of cell transport used in the Na+/K+ pump?
active transport
12
why is active transport required in the Na+/K+ pump?
as sodium and potassium are being moved against their concentration
gradient
13
what causes the nerve cell membrane to become depolarised?
rate of Na+ entry to the cell exceeds K+ exit
14
what is occurring when a nerve cell becomes depolarised?
membrane looses negative electrical gradient
Exam Questions & AnswersLocal Anaesthetics
1
how does conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve occur?
all or nothing event called the action potential
2
what is an action potential?
all or nothing event that facilitates conduction of electrical impulse
through nerves
3
what is an action potential caused by?
voltage dependent opening of sodium and potassium channels in the
cell membrane
4
what ion channels are involved in the creation of an action potential?
Na+ and K+
,5
describe the Na+ concentration outside a nerve cell
high
6
describe the K+ concentration outside a nerve cell
low
7
describe the Na+ concentration inside a nerve cell
low
8
describe the K+ concentration inside a nerve cell
high
9
how is the concentration of sodium and potassium within a nerve cell
maintained?
Na+/K+ pump uses ATP to move 2 potassium ions and 3 sodium ions
against their concentration gradients
, 10
how many sodium and potassium ions are exchanged by the Na+/K+
pump?
2K+ ions into the cell and 3Na+ ions out
11
what is the method of cell transport used in the Na+/K+ pump?
active transport
12
why is active transport required in the Na+/K+ pump?
as sodium and potassium are being moved against their concentration
gradient
13
what causes the nerve cell membrane to become depolarised?
rate of Na+ entry to the cell exceeds K+ exit
14
what is occurring when a nerve cell becomes depolarised?
membrane looses negative electrical gradient
