AP BIO UNIT 7 MCQS EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
1. Some scientists claim that amphibians are currently experiencing a period of mass
extinction.
Which of the following should be included in an alternative hypothesis that would best
support this claim? - Correct Answers -The current extinction rate of amphibians
compared with the background rate of extinction as determined by the fossil record
2. A small number of lizards from a mainland population have been deposited on four
isolated islands because of the effects of a rare strong storm.
Which of the following best predicts the outcome of these lizards reproducing for many
generations on the islands? - Correct Answers -The isolation prevents gene flow; thus,
the lizards on different islands experience prezygotic isolation.
3. A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is
dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the
G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In
1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to
emerge.
Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what
percentage of moths in the natural population was white in 1962 ? - Correct Answers -
4%
4. Chytridiomycosis is a potentially lethal fungal infection that adversely affects some
frog populations. The incidence and severity of the fungal infection can vary over time.
Which of the following statements best describes the changes in the frog population that
are depicted in the model above? - Correct Answers -Infected individuals gradually died
out, and genetically resistant individuals became more common. The frog population
recovered because of the increased frequency of resistant individuals.
5. Data regarding the presence (+) or absence (-) of five derived traits in several
different species are shown in the table below.
, Which of the following cladograms provides the simplest and most accurate
representation of the data in the table? - Correct Answers -Y W V Z X
6. The cladogram shown below depicts an accepted model of the evolutionary
relationships among selected species.
The amino acid at position 104 in the beta-hemoglobin protein for each of these four
organisms is listed below.
The validity of the cladogram is best supported by molecular evidence for which of the
following changes in the amino acid composition of the beta-hemoglobin protein during
the evolution of these species? - Correct Answers -Arginine to leucine at position X on
the cladogram
7. A cladogram representing the evolutionary relatedness of selected primates is shown
below.
In a sample of 2,400 people, 1,482 were found to have the dominant (taster) phenotype.
Assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, approximately how
many individuals in the sample are expected to be heterozygous for TAS2R38? -
Correct Answers -1,133
8. Students analyzed several photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms in the laboratory to
determine their phylogenetic relationships. The organisms were Spirogyra (a green
alga), a moss, a spruce tree, and an apple tree. Table 1 compares several
characteristics in the organisms (+ indicates the trait is present, − indicates the trait is
absent).
Which of the following rows of data listed in table 1 best supports the possibility of a
common ancestor for the organisms listed there? - Correct Answers -Cell wall
composed of cellulose
9. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best explains the observed
differences in cold tolerance between brown anoles (A. sagrei) and green anoles (A.
carolinensis) in the United States? - Correct Answers -Green anoles with greater
tolerance for cold had greater reproductive success in areas with colder temperatures.
10. One of the oldest known mammalian fossils belongs to a small furry species,
Hadrocodium wui, that lived 195 million years ago. For the following 100 million years,
only a small number of groups of mammalian fossils are found in the fossil record. By
65 million years ago, the nonavian dinosaurs were extinct. By 55 million years ago,
there were 130 mammal genera, including 4,000 different species that occupied a wide
variety of habitats.
Which of the following best describes the cause of the rapid increase in the number of
mammalian species between 65 and 55 million years ago? - Correct Answers -After the
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
1. Some scientists claim that amphibians are currently experiencing a period of mass
extinction.
Which of the following should be included in an alternative hypothesis that would best
support this claim? - Correct Answers -The current extinction rate of amphibians
compared with the background rate of extinction as determined by the fossil record
2. A small number of lizards from a mainland population have been deposited on four
isolated islands because of the effects of a rare strong storm.
Which of the following best predicts the outcome of these lizards reproducing for many
generations on the islands? - Correct Answers -The isolation prevents gene flow; thus,
the lizards on different islands experience prezygotic isolation.
3. A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is
dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the
G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In
1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to
emerge.
Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what
percentage of moths in the natural population was white in 1962 ? - Correct Answers -
4%
4. Chytridiomycosis is a potentially lethal fungal infection that adversely affects some
frog populations. The incidence and severity of the fungal infection can vary over time.
Which of the following statements best describes the changes in the frog population that
are depicted in the model above? - Correct Answers -Infected individuals gradually died
out, and genetically resistant individuals became more common. The frog population
recovered because of the increased frequency of resistant individuals.
5. Data regarding the presence (+) or absence (-) of five derived traits in several
different species are shown in the table below.
, Which of the following cladograms provides the simplest and most accurate
representation of the data in the table? - Correct Answers -Y W V Z X
6. The cladogram shown below depicts an accepted model of the evolutionary
relationships among selected species.
The amino acid at position 104 in the beta-hemoglobin protein for each of these four
organisms is listed below.
The validity of the cladogram is best supported by molecular evidence for which of the
following changes in the amino acid composition of the beta-hemoglobin protein during
the evolution of these species? - Correct Answers -Arginine to leucine at position X on
the cladogram
7. A cladogram representing the evolutionary relatedness of selected primates is shown
below.
In a sample of 2,400 people, 1,482 were found to have the dominant (taster) phenotype.
Assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, approximately how
many individuals in the sample are expected to be heterozygous for TAS2R38? -
Correct Answers -1,133
8. Students analyzed several photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms in the laboratory to
determine their phylogenetic relationships. The organisms were Spirogyra (a green
alga), a moss, a spruce tree, and an apple tree. Table 1 compares several
characteristics in the organisms (+ indicates the trait is present, − indicates the trait is
absent).
Which of the following rows of data listed in table 1 best supports the possibility of a
common ancestor for the organisms listed there? - Correct Answers -Cell wall
composed of cellulose
9. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best explains the observed
differences in cold tolerance between brown anoles (A. sagrei) and green anoles (A.
carolinensis) in the United States? - Correct Answers -Green anoles with greater
tolerance for cold had greater reproductive success in areas with colder temperatures.
10. One of the oldest known mammalian fossils belongs to a small furry species,
Hadrocodium wui, that lived 195 million years ago. For the following 100 million years,
only a small number of groups of mammalian fossils are found in the fossil record. By
65 million years ago, the nonavian dinosaurs were extinct. By 55 million years ago,
there were 130 mammal genera, including 4,000 different species that occupied a wide
variety of habitats.
Which of the following best describes the cause of the rapid increase in the number of
mammalian species between 65 and 55 million years ago? - Correct Answers -After the
