AGNP BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS Pediatrics Assessment (127 Questions),100% CORRECT

A child sustained a "full-thickness" burn injury. This type injury involves tissue destruction down to the: epidermis. dermis. subcutaneous tissue internal organs. Question: A child was involved in a vehicular accident and sustained burns on the lower extremities. Examination reveals a dry, waxy, whitish appearance of both lower legs and some visualization of the tibialis anterior. This type of burn would be classified as a: superficial thickness burn. superficial partial thickness burn. deep partial thickness burn. full thickness burn. Question: The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an infant is: History of poor intestinal absorption Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools Meconium ileus Salty taste on the skin Question: An infant presents with a rash in the diaper area. Which description likely indicates candidal diaper rash? Red, moist, maculopapular patch with poorly defined borders in diaper area Bright red, moist patches with sharply demarcated borders, some loose scales noted in the diaper area Moist, thin-roofed vesicles with a thin, erythematous base noted in the diaper area Erythematous and symmetric rash noted in the diaper area Question: Examination of a child who experienced a burn from a curling iron on the forearm appears red without blistering but is painful to touch. This type of burn would be classified as a: superficial thickness burn. superficial partial thickness burn. deep partial thickness burn. full thickness burn. Question: A small child sustained burns to the posterior trunk and posterior surface of both arms. According to the "Rule of Nines" for small children, what percentage of the total body surface area was involved? 9%. 18%. 27%. 32.5%. Question: If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical manifestation would be evident? Prematurity Hyperthermia Hyperactivity Enlarged anterior fontanel Question: A child has a maculopapular, blotchy rash and on examination of his mouth, red eruptions with white centers on the buccal mucosa are visualized. These eruptions are called: rubella spots. aphthous ulcers. Pastia's spots. Koplik spots. Question: When suspecting pediculosis capitis, the chief complaint is: itching. alopecia. vesicles. Question: A reddish blue, irregularly shaped, solid and spongy mass of blood vessels that may be present at birth and enlarge during the first 10 to 15 months is characteristic of a: cavernous hemangioma. telangiectasia. port-wine stain. Question: The infant with the lowest risk of developing elevated levels of bilirubin is the one who: is feeding poorly or whose feedings are delayed for several hours. has developed a cephalhematoma. is the second birth to an Rh negative mother. breast feeds within the first hour of life. Question: A seven- year -old is suspected of having conduct disorder. Which one of the following topics should the nurse practitioner include in the assessment history? Stuttering Animal abuse Worrying excessively about mother Refusing to perform chores Question: With Duchenne muscular dystrophy: boys inherit the condition from their father. the onset of symptoms occurs in late childhood and adolescence. symptoms include tremors, hypertonicity, and seizures. characteristics include a waddling gait, lordosis and presence of Gower's sign. Question: Which of the following would help a 9-year-old develop a sense of industry? Providing large plastic blocks for him to build things Helping him make a collection of several objects Encouraging running for short distances Explaining the workings of his heart Question: When assessing a 3-year-old African American child, the most likely cause of black, dusky mucous membranes is related to: jaundice. pallor. erythema. cyanosis. Question: The first sign of puberty in a male is: increased vertical height. a change in voice. testicular enlargement. facial hair. Question: After attempting to elicit the Moro reflex in a newborn, the nurse practitioner identifies absence of movement of the left arm. The next assessment would be to: perform the Ortolani maneuver. elicit the Babinski reflex. examine the clavicle. check the brachial pulses. Question: A 6-month-old presents today for a well child visit. He is sitting in his mother's lap. Assessment should begin with: eliciting reflexes. palpating the liver and spleen sizes. auscultating the heart and lungs. examining the head and eyes. Question: In which of the following situations would a one-year-old child be at risk for lead poisoning? Ceiling tiles have just been replaced in the child's home. Refinishing of all painted woodwork has occurred recently in the child's home. The family moved into a twenty-year- old brick house. The family moved from a trailer home to a new apartment complex. Question: During the newborn’s physical assessment of the mouth, the soft and hard palates are palpated to detect: a tight frenulum. an opening in the palates. thrush. the presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula. Question: An eight-year-old complains of itching in the right ear and an increase in pain when the pinna is pulled or the tragus is palpated. Examination reveals slight redness in the ear canal with a clear odorless fluid. This could be suggestive of: otitis media. otitis externa. mastoiditis. a tympanic membrane rupture. Question: An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with inspiration and expiration. Which statement is true? The child has ingested too much caffeine. A cardiology referral is prudent. This is a normal exam. There is a need for an echocardiogram. Question: The nurse practitioner differentiates physiologic jaundice from pathologic jaundice by assessment of the: degree of jaundice of the skin. timing of the onset of the jaundice. maternal history of drugs/medications. level of bilirubin in the blood. Question: A six-year-old child presents with sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and a temperature of 102 °F. Findings reveal lymphadenopathy and pharyngeal erythema. This is probably: sinusitis. exudative tonsillitis. pharyngitis. the flu. Question: When a child presents with a history of a head injury sustained within the past four hours, a subdural hematoma should be expected because: the X-ray reveals bleeding between the dura and the skull. the child is answering questions appropriately. the X-ray reveals bleeding between the dura and the cerebrum. retinal hemorrhages are absent. Question: Symptoms of acrocyanosis in the newborn include: bluish color of the tongue. bluish color of the mucous membranes. bluish color of the feet. bluish color of the abdomen. Question: A 9 year old girl had a history of tuberculosis when she was 6 years old. She presents with recent weight loss and anorexia. Along with her presenting symptoms, which one of the following assessment findings would be most indicative of Addison's disease? Thin, fragile skin and multiple bruises Hyperpigmentation and low blood pressure Blurred vision, headaches and enuresis Constipation Question: A child received a burn to the chest from a cup of hot coffee. On examination, the injured area appears moist and red to ivory white in color, blisters are noted, and painful to touch. This burn would be classified as a: superficial thickness burn. superficial partial thickness burn. deep partial thickness burn. full thickness burn. Question: When assessing a normal 5-year-old, the last site to assess would be the: heart. lungs. throat. abdomen. Question: Which developmental area is predominantly affected by lead poisoning? Nutrition Communication Cognition Mobility Question: A teenage complains of itching and burning of his eye. Examination reveals an erythematous eyelid margin with crusting and a clear mucus discharge. These findings are consistent with: conjunctivitis. a chalazion. a corneal ulcer. blepharitis. Question: Which one of the following would be an abnormal finding in a 6-month-old? Presence of a positive Babinski reflex Extrusion reflex occurs when feeding Able to voluntarily grasp objects Rolls from abdomen to back at will Question: Symptoms indicative of Shaken Baby Syndrome are related to: poor nutrition and lack of parental bonding. vaso-occlusive crisis and cerebral infarction. uncontrollable cerebral edema and hypoxia. microcephaly and premature closures of the cranial sutures. Question: When assessing a 3-month-old for developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH), which one of the following symptoms would be suspicious of dysplasia? Limitation of adduction of the affected extremity, shortening of the femur and negative Ortolani's sign Limitation of abduction of the affected extremity, shortening of the femur and positive Ortolani's sign Limitation of adduction of the affected extremity, Trendelenburg's sign and symmetry of gluteal folds Limitation of abduction of the affected extremity, asymmetry of gluteal folds, and lengthening of the femur on the affected side Question: Symptoms of a child suspected of having a diagnosis of mixed failure to thrive (FTT) are usually seen in children: with congenital heart defects (CHD). whose mothers are experiencing postpartal depression. with cerebral palsy who are receiving nutritional supplements through feeding tubes. who have cleft palates or lips and the caretaker is insecure in his/her feeding abilities. Question: At what age would a baby first be expected to locate an object hidden from view? At 4 months of age At 9 months of age At 13 months of age At 20 months of age Question: A 4-year-old child presents with bilateral watery discharge from the eyes. Examination reveals subconjunctival hemorrhage, and eyelid ecchymosis. These findings are consistent with: bacterial conjunctivitis. Herpes simplex viral conjunctivitis. allergic conjunctivitis. adenoviral conjunctivitis. Question: Children with Legg-Calve Perthes disease should: maintain a diet high in protein, vitamins and minerals. sleep on a firm mattress to prevent contractures. avoid weight bearing on the affected extremity. be allowed to play basketball. Question: The hemodynamic changes resulting from structural defects in children can lead to heart failure. The most common reason for these changes is related to: volume and pressure overload resulting in increased cardiac output. volume and pressure overload resulting in decreased cardiac output. increased heart rate increasing cardiac output. decreased blood volume. Question: Which of the following statements made by a parent would alert the nurse practitioner to suspect autism spectrum disorder? He is negative, disobedient and defiant. He acts very impulsively and speaks out of turn. He seems to be speaking less and less. He can't sit still for a short story. Question: Presence of a heart murmur in a child would be considered organic if the child: is 18-months-old and was recently diagnosed with anemia. was a 3-year-old, afebrile and diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection. was a 10-month-old who presented with a temperature of 103 °F. was a 2-year-old with a congenital heart defect. Question: Current indications for tympanostomy tube placement include all of the following except which one? Persistent serous otitis media (SOM) that has not responded to a 3 to 6-week course of medical treatment Recurrent acute otitis media (AOM) that does not respond to, or recurs after, antimicrobial prophylaxis Complications of acute otitis media (AOM) Complications of eustachian tube dysfunction Question: On examination of a six-week-old infant, developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) is suspected. If DHH is present, it might be evidenced by: symmetrical gluteal folds. limited abduction of the affected leg. limited adduction of the affected leg. lordosis. Question: Why would a newborn with patent ductus arteriosus receive a prostaglandin inhibitor (indomethacin)? To maintain Ductus Arteriosus patency To reduce fluid overload on the pulmonary circulation To improve oxygenation of systemic circulation To improve contractility of the left ventricle Question: Which of the following group of symptoms would be suggestive of an infant experiencing a congenital heart defect associated with a decreased pulmonary blood flow pattern? Tissue perfusion greater than 3 seconds, bluish colored skin, and poor feeding Abnormal heart sounds, capillary refill less than 2 seconds, and oxygen saturation less than 95% Capillary refill less than 2 seconds, tissue perfusion less than 3 seconds, and oxygen saturation greater than 95% Poor feeding, audible heart murmur, and oxygen saturation greater than 95% Question: Which of the following findings in a preschooler would indicate the need for further evaluation? Intelligible speech by 24 months of age Variation in quality of speech pattern and tone Responds to facial expressions and gestures rather than to verbal explanations Looks at people when they speak Question: The most common cause of bacterial pharyngeal infections in children is: Corynebacterium. Chlamydia. mononucleosis. group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. Question: When assessing a preschooler's mouth, the number of deciduous teeth seen should be: Up to 10. 11 to 15. 16-20. up to 32. Question: Symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis in an infant include: eyelid edema and purulent discharge from the eyes. eyelid ecchymosis and watery discharge from the eyes. vesicular rash or ulceration of eyelids with a watery discharge. contact dermatitis of the eyelids with a subconjunctival, multilobulated yellow mass. Question: A 9-month-old who has been a healthy, thriving infant presents with a poor appetite, two episodes of vomiting, three bloody stools with mucus and knees drawn to the abdomen with screaming. These are clinical manifestations of: celiac disease. intussusception. pyloric stenosis. intestinal parasites. Question: Which one of the following statements indicates a developmental delay? A 9-month-old infant responds consistently to the sound of his name A 6-week-old infant smiles in response to the mother's face A 6-month-old infant's eyes appear crossed A 2 1/2-month-old infant is not reaching for or grasping objects Question: The four classic structural defects of Tetralogy of Fallot include: tricuspid atresia, atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, and left ventricular hypertrophy. a ventricular septal defect, an overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy. dextroposition of the aorta, ventricular septal defect, aortic stenosis, and patent ductus stenosis. an atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia, and the aorta arising from the right ventricle. Question: Which of the following milestones is developmentally appropriate for a 2-month-old infant when pulled to a sitting position? The infant shows persistent head lag when the trunk is lifted. The infant is completely able to support the head when the trunk is lifted. The infant is able to hold the head in a straight line. The infant is briefly able to hold the head erect. Question: An indication that there is a malfunction of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt in an older child would be the presence of a: headache upon awakening. temperature greater than 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. noticeable increase in activity. bulging fontanels. Question: Which one of the following patient positions would be least beneficial to examine the genitals of a young female child? Have the child sit on her parent's lap with the parent holding the child's knees apart Have the child lie supine in the frog-leg position Have the child sit crossed legged on the examination table Position the child in the knee-chest position Question: A granulomatous eyelid cyst or nodule that is painless and erythematous is termed: a hordeolum. a chalazion. keratitis. blepharitis. Question: An example of a cause of conductive hearing loss in children would be: prolonged use of tobramycin. the presence of a peanut in the ear for three weeks. congenital rubella syndrome. maternal history of Herpes infection. Question: A three-week-old infant presents with a generalized lacy, reticulated blue discoloration of the skin. This is suggestive of: mongolian spots. harlequin color changes. acrocyanosis. cutis marmorata. Question: Which activity would be most appropriate to promote the growth and development of a 3-year-old boy with hemophilia who is one week post hemarthrosis episode of his left knee? Allow the child to play with building blocks. Allow the child to ride a tricycle. Allow the child to play with a toy telephone. Allow the child to ride in a motorized car. Question: A pediatric patient presents with erythema marginatum, chorea, and a heart murmur. These symptoms are consistent with: Kawasaki Disease. rheumatic heart disease. infectious endocarditis. sickle cell disease. Question: A five year old will engage in what type of play? Parallel play Solitary play Team play Cooperative play Question: In renal adaptation of the newborn, which one of the following statements is correct? The kidneys have an inability to concentrate urine and adapt to fluid and electrolyte stress. In the nephrons of the kidneys long tubules enhance the effectiveness of tubular reabsorption. The kidneys are fully capable of concentrating urine and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. The kidneys have the ability to increase the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) effectively. Question: A child presents with erythematous papules and vesicles, that are weeping, oozing, and crusty. These lesions are located over the forehead, wrists, elbows, and the backs of the knees. With which of the following conditions are these symptoms associated? An allergic reaction to something Atopic dermatitis Contact dermatitis Psoriasis Question: A child presents with a complaint of a left earache that worsens with head movement. Findings on examination include temperature of 102 °F, cellulitis behind the left ear. These findings are consistent with: otitis externa. otitis media. mastoiditis. otosclerosis. Question: The mouth of a ten-month-old infant has white patches on the mucosa that cannot be removed. These patches are consistent with: stomatitis. thrush. Koplik spots. measles. Question: To assess for strabismus in a child, use the: Snellen eye chart. cover-uncover test. ophthalmoscope. test for pupillary reaction. Question: All of the following symptoms in a 10-month-old would be indicative of acute otitis media (OM)except: nausea, vomiting, and possibly diarrhea increased mobility of the tympanic membrane persistent crying and irritability reluctance to suck a bottle Question: Which one of the following procedures would confirm a the definitive medical diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease? A barium enema A barium swallow A rectal biopsy An X-ray of the upper GI tract Question: Undescended testicle(s) in a young male is termed: testicular torsion. epispadias. hydrocele. cryptorchidism. Question: Children presenting with congenital heart defects that result in right to left shunting would most likely exhibit which of the following symptoms? Cyanosis, decreased cardiac output, and desaturated systemic blood flow Increased cardiac output, cyanosis, and poor tissue perfusion Ventricular volume overload, cyanosis, and increased cardiac output Increased pulmonary blood flow, cyanosis, and good tissue perfusion Question: Which one of the following symptoms is seen in infants with pyloric stenosis? Gross distension of the abdomen Distended superficial veins Ascites Visible peristalsis Question: Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus usually present with which one of the following symptoms? Obesity High cholesterol levels Polyuria Hypoglycemia Question: Respiratory effort in the neonate is initiated at birth as a result of: an increase in the PO2 and a decrease in PCO2. the continued functioning of the foramen ovale. chemical, thermal, and mechanical factors. drying off the infant. Question: Anticipatory guidance for the family of a pre-adolescent with a cognitive impairment should include information about: institutional placement. sexual development. environmental stimulation. self-care activities. Question: Assessing the neurological status of a child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt should include: use of the Glasgow coma scale. Kernig's sign. brudzinski's sign. Monroe-Kellie doctrine. Question: When examining the scrotum in a young male child, test the cremasteric reflex by: scratching the medial aspect of the thigh. having the child lie down and palpate the femoral pulse. gently pulling the penis downward. palpating the area above the symphysis pubis. Question: When administering ear drops to a 6-year-old, the pinna should be pulled: downward. downward and back. upward. upward and back. Question: An infant with a suspected hearing loss: communicates through gestures. sits close to the television with the volume on high. does not babble. has unintelligible speech. Question: An 8-month-old with a significant head lag would suggest the need for: exercises that strengthen the neck muscles. a follow-up visit in 2 months. a neurological evaluation. an orthopedic referral. Question: A normal finding in the musculoskeletal assessment of a 3-year-old child would be the presence of: a C-shaped spine. genu varum. genu-valgum. a club foot. Question: Assessment findings in a newborn at birth include: irregular respirations without crying, heart rate of 105 beats/minute, grimaces with reflex stimulation, kicking of both feet, and moving of both arms. The body and face are pink and hands and feet are cyanotic. What is the APGAR score? 5 7 9 10 Question: A six-year-old complains that something is in her left eye. There is a red raised area of the left lid. There is redness and tenderness of the eye and tearing. These findings are consistent with: blepharitis. conjunctivitis. a corneal ulcer. a hordeolum. Question: A 3 year-old presents with a history of fever and cough over the past 24 hours. Findings on exam reveal: temperature of 102°F, apical heart rate of 157 beats/minute, and respiratory rate of 40 breaths/minute. Tachypnea in this child is most likely related to paradoxical respirations. the child's febrile state. the child's age. an airway obstruction. Question: A six-year-old child presents with a few small vesicles that are honey-colored and weeping around the left nare. These lesions are consistent with: impetigo. varicella. Herpes simplex. shingles. Question: Which one of the following groups of symptoms would be more consistent in a child with type 2 diabetes mellitus? Blood glucose levels on two separate occasions between 75 mg/dL and 110 mg/dL, weight loss, and frequent urination Complaints of being hungry all the time, hyperactivity, and frequent urination Blood glucose levels on two separate occasions greater than 126 mg/dl, enuresis, and complaints of being tired Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria Question: A twelve-month-old has a history of heart failure related to his congenital heart defect. He is receiving aldactone (Spironolactone), enalapril (Vasotec), furosemide (Lasix), and acetaminophen (Tylenol). The infant's potassium level is 3.1 meq/l. Which medication is most likely decreasing his potassium level? Aldactone (Spironolactone) Furosemide (Lasix) Enalapril (Vasotec) Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Question: A twelve-month-old was recently diagnosed with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The mother asks the nurse practitioner: "How could my child have acquired AIDS?" The best response from the nurse practitioner should be that: "Children under two years of age usually acquire AIDS: by sharing car seats with an HIV infected toddler." because the child may have been sexually abused by someone who was HIV positive." perinatally through an HIV infected mother." through casual contact with an HIV infected individual in a day care center." Question: A child presents with fever of 102.5 °F for the past five days. Kawasaki disease is suspected if which of the following groups of symptoms is present? Strawberry tongue, pounding pulse, elevated blood pressure, and chronic hemolytic anemia Cervical lymphadenopathy, bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis, periungual desquamation, and polymorphous rash Retinopathy, petechiae, strawberry tongue, and jaundice Recent Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus pharyngitis, erythema marginatum, non-purulent conjunctivitis, and joint pain Question: A six-year-old has a history of diabetes mellitus type I and is now experiencing cellulitis of the right lower leg. The child presents with deep, rapid, and unlabored respirations, fruity odor, and dry skin. These are symptoms of: Hypoglycemia Sepsis Stevens Johnson Syndrome Ketoacidosis Question: An infant weighed 8 pounds at birth. According to the principles of normal growth and development, how much should he weigh at 12 months of age? 16 pounds 24 pounds 29 pounds 32 pounds Question: Physical exam of a well two-week-old infant reveals a little dimple with a small amount of hair just above the sacral area. This could be: an unusual finding but within normal limits. hirsutism. Arnold -Chiari malformation. spina bifida occulta. Question: A 5-year-old child presents with complaints of fever and headache. Examination reveals a heart rate of 157 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 40 breaths/minute, B/P 108/54, and a temperature of 102.6 °F. The increased heart rate is most likely related to: an innocent heart murmur. the child's age. a sinus arrhythmia. the child's febrile state. Question: Which one of the following positions is the most accurate regarding infant car seat placement? The car seat should: be rear-facing in the back seat until the infant is 12 months and 20 pounds. be forward-facing in the back seat until the infant is 12 months and 20 pounds. be rear-facing in the front seat until the infant is 12 months and 20 pounds. be forward-facing in the front seat until the infant is 12 months and 20 pounds. Question: When performing a cardiovascular assessment on a healthy 2-year-old child: expect to hear a swooshing sound during diastole. place the stethoscope over the fifth intercostal space to the left of the mid-clavicular line. auscultate the heart sounds in all four cardiac areas. expect to hear an S4 sound. Question: The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia are asking for information about future pregnancies. The nurse practitioner should respond by telling them that with any future pregnancy they will have a: 1 in 4 chance of producing a child with sickle cell trait. 1 in 4 chance of producing a child with sickle cell anemia. 1 in 2 chance of producing a child with neither sickle cell disease nor trait. 1 in 2 chance of producing a child with the sickle cell anemia. Question: All of the following are examples of causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children except: the presence of cerumen impaction. prolonged use of tobramycin. maternal history of Herpes infection. congenital rubella syndrome. Question: Which one of the following symptoms is associated with biliary atresia in an infant? Bilious vomitus Acholic stools Hematuria Weight gain Question: Breastfeeding is contraindicated for an infant diagnosed with which one of the following conditions? Congenital hypothyroidism Phenylketonuria (PKU) Galactosemia Tay Sachs Disease Question: During the first 6 months of life, an infant will: grow 1 cm in length per month. gain 1.5 pounds per month. regain weight lost after birth within 2 months. have a 1-inch increase in head circumference per month. Question: Which one of the following is an appropriate type of play for a 6-month-old infant? Pat-a-cake and peek-a-boo Ball rolling and hide and seek game Pots and pans with wooden spoons Push-pull toys Question: What is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in a child? Clubbing, frequent respiratory infections, and rectal prolapse Pigeon breast, protruding tongue, and exophthalmos Meconium ileus, abdominal distention, and hyperplasia of the lungs Hypoglycemia, hyperthermia, and tachycardia Question: The nurse practitioner should base a response to a parent's question about the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on which of the following statements? Leukemia is a fatal disease even though chemotherapy provides increasingly longer periods of remission. Research to find a cure for childhood cancers is very active. A majority of children go into remission and remain symptom free when treatment is completed. It usually takes several months of chemotherapy to achieve a remission. Question: When a two-week-old infant presents with irritability, poor appetite, and rapid head growth with distended scalp veins, one should consider: hydrocephalus. meningitis. cerebral palsy. Reye's syndrome. Question: When performing a respiratory assessment on a 4-year-old child, further evaluation is warranted in the presence of: the use of the abdominal muscles. eupneic respirations. supraclavicular retractions. vesicular sounds in the chest periphery. Question: A six-year-old male complains of ankle pain and difficulty walking, but denies any recent injuries. Findings reveal ankle tenderness, decreased mobility and range of motion. The patients temperature of 102 degrees °F. These findings are consistent with: a fractured ankle. early onset of Paget's Disease. osteomyelitis. Question: If a newborn develops a cephalohematoma, the newborn is at an increased risk for: infection. jaundice. caput succedaneum. erythema toxicum. Question: A priority intervention in caring for a child diagnosed with atopic dermatitis should be to: maintain adequate nutrition. keep the child content. keep skin lesions dry. relieve pruritus. Question: Which of the following neurological assessment findings indicate the need for further evaluation? Lifting one foot and then the other when the infant is held upright with the feet touching a solid surface Fanning and hyperextension of the toes when the sole is stroked upward from the heel Grasping a finger placed in the neonate's palm Weak and ineffective sucking movements Question: An ambulatory child with spastic cerebral palsy needs a diet: high in potassium. low in fiber. low in sodium. high in calories. . Question: Blue sclera, weak muscles, and increased joint flexibility during a newborn assessment may be suggestive of: Marfan's syndrome. muscular dystrophy. osteogenesis imperfecta. retinopathy of the newborn. Question: An infant with fetal alcohol syndrome would: appear calm, happy and cooing in the hospital crib. be irritable, hyperactive and exhibit a high-pitched cry. perspire, vomit and have diarrhea. appear shaky, hypoactive, and in respiratory distress. Question: At what age is it considered normal for a child to pick up objects using the palm of the hand only? At 2 months of age At 6 months of age At 12 months of age At 18 months of age Question: A disparity between the brachial and femoral pulses in a 4-month-old could indicate: an atrial septal defect (ASD). Tetralogy of Fallot. coarctation of the aorta (COA). tricuspid atresia (TA). Question: Which one of the following infants should be seen immediately by the nurse practitioner? A two- week- old infant with nasal congestion and a respiratory rate of 64 breaths/minute A one- week-old infant with a diaper rash and a respiratory rate of 44 breaths/minute A one –month- old infant with an axillary temperature of 99.0 degrees Fahrenheit A three- week- old breastfed infant who has had two loose stools today Question: The assessment finding that would necessitate a need for additional follow-up in a preschooler would be if the child: is able to dress independently. rides a tricycle. has an imaginary friend. has a hundred word vocabulary. Question: The cranial sutures are closed on the head of a 9 month old infant. This indicates: hydrocephalus. craniosynostosis. a normal finding. opisthotonos. Question: When auscultating the apex of the heart in an 8-year-old, the bell of the stethoscope should be placed at the: third intercostal space lateral to the midclavicular line. fifth intercostal space to the left of the midclavicular line. fourth intercostal space lateral of the midclavicular line. fifth intercostal space to the right of the midclavicular line. Question: Assessment findings in an infant with increased intracranial pressure would include: increased hunger. drowsiness. papilledema. blurred vision. Question: Which one of the following statements made by a mother indicates that her 5-month-old infant is ready for solid foods? I find that she really has to be encouraged to eat. She has just started to sit up without support. When I give my baby solid foods, she has difficulty getting it to the back of her throat to swallow. She is in the 50th percentile on the growth chart. Question: When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old child, which one of the following sites is the most appropriate for this child? Apical pulse at the 5th intercostal space right midclavicular line Apical pulse between the 3rd and 4th intercostal space in the left midclavicular line Apical pulse to the right of the midclavicular line in the 3rd intercostal space Apical pulse in the 5th intercostal space left midclavicular line Question: An infant presents with an inappropriately increasing head circumference and hydrocephalus confirmed by CT scan. In addition to these findings, which one of the following would also be consistent with hydrocephalus? A soft, low-pitched cry Ability to be comforted easily Tense, bulging fontanels Appropriately increasing weight Question: Which of the following substances is found in the urine of a child suspected of having post streptococcal glomerulonephritis? Blood and protein Bacteria and ketones Glucose and white blood cells Casts and mucous threads Question: A 13-year-old girl presents with complaints of insomnia and hyperactivity along with gradual weight loss despite a good appetite. She has warm, flushed, and moist skin and unusually fine hair. These manifestations are indicative of which one of the following conditions? Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Cushing's Syndrome Addison's Disease Question: A child with sickle cell anemia presents with a history of sudden onset of rapid breathing with left upper quadrant (LUQ) tenderness upon palpation. The child is most likely experiencing a (an): aplastic crisis. sequestration crisis. vaso-occlusive crisis. hemarthrosis crisis. Question: When screening for scoliosis, assessment should include: measuring and comparing the length of the child's legs. obtaining x-rays the spine of the child. observing the back while the child is bending forward. asking the child to touch the thigh to the abdomen. Question: A toddler with a suspected hearing loss would: exhibit little or no babbling or vocalization sounds. likely communicate through gestures. display poor school performance. need to watch television with the volume on high. Question: Children who pick their noses are at a higher risk for development of: sinusitis. epistaxis. allergic rhinitis. purulent rhinorrhea.