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sensory neurons - ANSWERS-gathers information and carries it to the CNS. The
senses gather the information that the sensory nervous system transmits
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWERS-Consists of the extensive network of
spinal nerves carrying sensory or afferent information towards the spinal cord and brain
and motor or efferent information away from the brain and spinal cord.
afferent fibers - ANSWERS-transmit impulses from organs to CNS
efferent fibers - ANSWERS-transmit impulses to organs from CNS
somatic nervous system - ANSWERS-voluntary control of skeletal muscles
ex: chewing food
autonomic (visceral) nervous system - ANSWERS-involuntarily controls the visceral
muscles of organ systems like the digestive and cardiovascular systems. Controls the
contraction and relaxation of visceral reflexes.
ex: digestion, heartbeat
,sensory neurons - ANSWERS-gathers information and carries it to the CNS. The
senses gather the information that the sensory nervous system transmits
motor nerves - ANSWERS-carry impulses away from the CNS to the effectors
ventricles (brain) - ANSWERS-canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid
cerebrospinal fluid - ANSWERS-Fluid in the space between the meninges that acts as a
shock absorber that protects the central nervous system.
cerebellum - ANSWERS-part of brain found at the very bottom (near neck) of the skull
and coordinates body movements, posture, and balance
brainstem - ANSWERS-found between the thalamus and the spinal cord. Lowest part of
the brain. Supports unconscious functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood
pressure.
cerebrum - ANSWERS-Largest part of the brain; responsible for interpreting touch,
speech, reasoning, and emotions
cerebral cortex - ANSWERS-grey matter that surrounds the entire cerebrum
gyri - ANSWERS-ridges
sulci - ANSWERS-shallow grooves
fissures - ANSWERS-deep grooves in the brain
frontal lobe - ANSWERS-processes high level cognitive skills, reasoning, concentration,
motor skills, language.
parietal lobe - ANSWERS-integration site for visual perception and sensory information
such as touch, pain, and pressure
temporal lobe - ANSWERS-Part of brain that controls hearing
occipital lobe - ANSWERS-interprets visual information
limbic system - ANSWERS-controls emotions and memory
Hypothalamus - ANSWERS-plays role in regulating the autonomic nervous system.
Primarily concerned with homeostasis and regulates activities such as hunger, anger
and pain
amygdala - ANSWERS-this produces feelings such as anger, violence, fear, anxiety
,thalumus - ANSWERS-sensory inputs come throught. Smell
hippocampus - ANSWERS-helps convert short term memory to long term memory
Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of the cytoplasm -
ANSWERS-neuron cell body is
axon - ANSWERS-the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers,
through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - ANSWERS-insulates the axon of some neurons and helps speed up
neural impulses
epithelial tissue - ANSWERS-A body tissue that covers the body surfaces, lines body
cavities, and serves as a protective barrier
connective tissue - ANSWERS-Connects other tissues to each other and serves to bind
and support body parts
Muscle tissue - ANSWERS-Moves the body and its contents by contraction
Nervous tissue - ANSWERS-Receives stimuli from the internal or external environment
and communicates through electrical impulses with the rest of the body
Sagittal plane (aka median) - ANSWERS-Lateral (left) or medial (right) division
frontal plane (aka coronal plane) - ANSWERS-Posterior (back) anterior (front) division
Transverse plane (aka cross-sectional) - ANSWERS-Superior (upper body) inferior
(lower body) division
superior/inferior - ANSWERS-towards the head; higher than/ towards the feet; lower
than
anterior/posterior - ANSWERS-toward the front and back of the body
distal/proximal - ANSWERS-away from the point of reference (usually main part of
body)/near the point of reference
ex. fingers are distal to wrist bc wrist is closer to main body
cephalic - ANSWERS-head
cervial - ANSWERS-neck
Antebrachial - ANSWERS-forearm
, Pollex - ANSWERS-thumb
crural - ANSWERS-shin
tarsal - ANSWERS-ankle
hallux - ANSWERS-big toe
coxa - ANSWERS-hip
Otic - ANSWERS-ear
mental - ANSWERS-chin
Occipital - ANSWERS-base of skull
Acromial - ANSWERS-shoulder
olecranal - ANSWERS-back of elbow
sural - ANSWERS-calf
cardiovascular system - ANSWERS-closed system responsible for the movement of
blood and lymph around the body, which permits nutrient distribution, waste removal,
communication, and protection. Consists of the heart, blood vessels, blood, and
lymphatic system
lymphatic system - ANSWERS-open system where lymph that bathes the interstitial
spaces b/t cells and circulates through lymph vessels
atria (heart) - ANSWERS-superior chambers; receive blood from outside heart
ventricles (heart) - ANSWERS-inferior chamber; pump blood
pulmonary system - ANSWERS-right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood from
the heart towards the lungs
systemic system - ANSWERS-left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the
lungs pumps it toward the rest of the body
arteries - ANSWERS-Vessels that carry blood away from the heart. These vessels are
muscular to withstand the force of a heartbeat and so feel pressure on their walls.
Larger arteries branch into smaller arterioles, which connect to a bed of capillaries.