TEST BANK for Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski

,
,CHAPTER1:MicrobialLife:OriginandDiscovery
j j j j j j




MULTIPLE CHOICEj




1. Virusesare: j




a. infectiousagentsthatinfectmulti-cellularorganisms j j j j j




b. noncellularparticlesthattakeover the metabolismofacell togeneratem ore j j j j j RX j j j j j j j




virus particles
j RX


c. pathogensthatreplicateincomplexgrowthmedia j j j j j j




d. cellularparticles thatbelongtothearchaeadomain j j j j j j j




e. microbesthatconsistoflipidmembraneenclosedgenomes j j j j j j j




ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A |I.B j j j




MSC: Remembering j




2. Analysisof DNAsequences reveals: j j j j




a. the ancientconvergenceoftwocelltypes,i.e.,prokaryotes and eu
j j j j j j j j j j




karyotes
j




b. prokaryotesand eukaryotesevolved fromacommon ancestral cell j j j j j j j j




c. that bacteriasharecommon ancestor witharchaea, butnotwitheu karya
j j j j j j j j j j j




d. prokaryotesare cellswithanucleus j j j j j




e. the genomeof Haemophilus influenzae hasabout 2billionbasepair s
j j j j j j j j j j j




ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A |I.B j j j




MSC: Remembering j




3. Whichofthesegroups areconsideredtobemicrobesbut NOTconsidered tobecells?
j j j j j j j j j RX j j j j




a. viruses d. protists j j




b. bacteria e. filamentousfungi j




c. archaea
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i j




MSC: Remembering j




4. A microbeiscommonlydefinedas:
RX j j j j




a. avirusthat requires amicroscopetobeseen
j j j j j j j j




b. abacteriumthatrequiresamicroscopeto be seen
j j j j j j j j




c. a single- j




cellular prokaryotethat requiresamicroscopetobeseen j j j j j j j j




d. amulticellulareukaryotethat requiresamicroscopetobe seen
j j j j j j j j j




e. alivingorganismthatrequiresamicroscopetobeseen
j j j j j j j j j




ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i |I.A.ii j j j




MSC: Remembering j




5. Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsregardingmicrobial cellsisNOT true?
j j j j j j j j j j j




a. Microbialcells acquire food, gainenergytobuildthemselves, andresp ond to j j j j j j j j j j j j




environmentalchange. j

, b. Most single- j




celled organismsrequire amicroscopetorenderthemvisible,butsome
j j j j j j j j j j




bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
j j j j j j j j j j j




c. Microbesfunctionasindividualentities. j j j j




d. Manymicrobesformcomplex multicellularassemblages.
j j j RX j




e. Virusesare notconsideredasmicrobialcells. j j j j j j




ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i |I.A.ii j j j




MSC: Remembering j




6. Whichofthefollowingstatements is FALSE?
j j j j j j




a. Agenome isthetotal geneticinformationcontained inanorganism’s chromosoma l DNA.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j




b. Ifa microbe’s genome includesgenesfor nitrogenase,that microbeprobablycan
j j j j j j j j j j j




fix nitrogen.
j RX



c. BycomparingDNA sequencesofdifferent organisms,we canfigureout howclosel y
j j RX j j j j j j j j j j




relatedtheyare. j j




d. FredSanger developedthefirstapplicable DNAsequencingmethod.
j j j j j j j j




e. FredSangercompleted thesequencesof Haemophilusinfluenzae.
j j j j j j j




ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B j




MSC: Remembering j




7. Thefirstcellular genomestobe sequencedwerethoseof:
j j j j j j j j j




a. humans d. prions j j




b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B.i j




MSC: Remembering j




8. TheenvironmentofearlyEarthmayhavecontainedallofthefollowingEXCEPT:
j j j j j j j j j j j j




a. ferrousiron d. oxygen j j j




b. methane e. hydrogengas j




c. ammonia
ANS: D DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: j j j II.D
MSC: Remembering
j j




9. The development of the theoryof the ―RNA world‖ resulted fromthe discoveryof:
j j j j j j j RX j j j j j




a. archaea d. ribozymes j j




b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: j j j II.D
MSC: Remembering
j j




10. Whichmicrobesmayresemble thoseoftheearliestlife forms?
j j j j j j j j j




a. archaea d. cyanobacteria j j




b. photosyntheticalgae e. protists j




c. viruses
ANS: A DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: j j j II.D
MSC: Remembering
j j




11. Earlymetabolismmayhavebeencatalyzedby:
j j j j j j




a. DNA d. amino acids j j j