BIMM 114 Midterm 1 Study Aid
questions and answers rated
What is a virus made of? - correct answer ✔✔ Nucleic acid genome
Protein Capsid
Sometimes a lipid envelope
How big can viruses get? - correct answer ✔✔ 20-500nm
What is an obligate intracellular parasite? - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that requires a host
cell to thrive
What is a Virion? - correct answer ✔✔ A complete, infectious, virus particle
What kind of genome can a virus be made of? - correct answer ✔✔ DNA or RNA
What are the special rules for RNA virus replication? - correct answer ✔✔ Many carry their own
RNA dep. RNA Polymerase
Some have (+)RNA for a genome
Some have (-)RNA for a genome
What is the first thing negative sense RNA must do when it enters a cell? - correct answer ✔✔ It
must synthesize the complementary positive sense RNA strand to initiate translation
Where does the name virus come from? - correct answer ✔✔ Latin for poison
,Who developed the smallpox vaccine? - correct answer ✔✔ Edward Jenner, 1798
Who developed the rabies vaccine? - correct answer ✔✔ Louis Pasteur, 1885
Who discovered tobacco mosaic virus? - correct answer ✔✔ Ivanovski and Beijernick
What is a filterable virus? - correct answer ✔✔ A finding that a virus was able to pass through a
filter, unlike bacterium which was unable to pass through
Who discovered that viruses can form crystals? - correct answer ✔✔ Wendell Stanley
Are Viruses alive? - correct answer ✔✔ There is a general consensus that viruses are inanimate
when their genome is packaged, but share many attributes of life when they enter the cell
What is a property of life? - correct answer ✔✔ Ability to
mutate
evolve
reproduce
Who were the founders of the phage group? - correct answer ✔✔ Delbruck, Ellis, and Luria
What did Hershey and Chase discover? - correct answer ✔✔ The genetic material of a virus is
transferred into the bacterium
What are the radioactive labels Hershey and Chase used? - correct answer ✔✔ P-32 and S-35
, How did we discover reverse transcriptase? - correct answer ✔✔ A study of RNA tumor viruses
led to the enzyme's discovery
What are the benefits of studying a living organism? - correct answer ✔✔ An infected organism
allowed researchers to study the effects of viral infections
What are the drawbacks of studying a living organism? - correct answer ✔✔ Practicing on living
animals is costly, lengthy, and unethical
What does a Plaque Assay show you? - correct answer ✔✔ Determines Virus concentration in
terms of infectious dose
pfu - correct answer ✔✔ plaque forming units
one measure of virus quantity
What does a plaque assay look like? - correct answer ✔✔ Spots where enzymes killed bacteria
appear as clear plaque rings against a cloudy background
How did researchers stop viruses from diffusing on the agar plate? - correct answer ✔✔ layer
some soft agar on top
It will harden and prevent the viruses from diffusing
Hemagglutination - correct answer ✔✔ When blood and virus interact and cause an
agglutinated structure to form
What kind of receptor does an animal virus bind to? - correct answer ✔✔ Sialic acid
Carb receptors
questions and answers rated
What is a virus made of? - correct answer ✔✔ Nucleic acid genome
Protein Capsid
Sometimes a lipid envelope
How big can viruses get? - correct answer ✔✔ 20-500nm
What is an obligate intracellular parasite? - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that requires a host
cell to thrive
What is a Virion? - correct answer ✔✔ A complete, infectious, virus particle
What kind of genome can a virus be made of? - correct answer ✔✔ DNA or RNA
What are the special rules for RNA virus replication? - correct answer ✔✔ Many carry their own
RNA dep. RNA Polymerase
Some have (+)RNA for a genome
Some have (-)RNA for a genome
What is the first thing negative sense RNA must do when it enters a cell? - correct answer ✔✔ It
must synthesize the complementary positive sense RNA strand to initiate translation
Where does the name virus come from? - correct answer ✔✔ Latin for poison
,Who developed the smallpox vaccine? - correct answer ✔✔ Edward Jenner, 1798
Who developed the rabies vaccine? - correct answer ✔✔ Louis Pasteur, 1885
Who discovered tobacco mosaic virus? - correct answer ✔✔ Ivanovski and Beijernick
What is a filterable virus? - correct answer ✔✔ A finding that a virus was able to pass through a
filter, unlike bacterium which was unable to pass through
Who discovered that viruses can form crystals? - correct answer ✔✔ Wendell Stanley
Are Viruses alive? - correct answer ✔✔ There is a general consensus that viruses are inanimate
when their genome is packaged, but share many attributes of life when they enter the cell
What is a property of life? - correct answer ✔✔ Ability to
mutate
evolve
reproduce
Who were the founders of the phage group? - correct answer ✔✔ Delbruck, Ellis, and Luria
What did Hershey and Chase discover? - correct answer ✔✔ The genetic material of a virus is
transferred into the bacterium
What are the radioactive labels Hershey and Chase used? - correct answer ✔✔ P-32 and S-35
, How did we discover reverse transcriptase? - correct answer ✔✔ A study of RNA tumor viruses
led to the enzyme's discovery
What are the benefits of studying a living organism? - correct answer ✔✔ An infected organism
allowed researchers to study the effects of viral infections
What are the drawbacks of studying a living organism? - correct answer ✔✔ Practicing on living
animals is costly, lengthy, and unethical
What does a Plaque Assay show you? - correct answer ✔✔ Determines Virus concentration in
terms of infectious dose
pfu - correct answer ✔✔ plaque forming units
one measure of virus quantity
What does a plaque assay look like? - correct answer ✔✔ Spots where enzymes killed bacteria
appear as clear plaque rings against a cloudy background
How did researchers stop viruses from diffusing on the agar plate? - correct answer ✔✔ layer
some soft agar on top
It will harden and prevent the viruses from diffusing
Hemagglutination - correct answer ✔✔ When blood and virus interact and cause an
agglutinated structure to form
What kind of receptor does an animal virus bind to? - correct answer ✔✔ Sialic acid
Carb receptors
