ii ii ii ii ii
ii Questions With Detailed Verified Answers (100%
ii ii ii ii ii
Correct Answers) /Already Graded A+
ii ii ii ii ii
ii
Laboratory iiTests ii
Blood iiCreatinine ii- iiResults iifrom iiprotein iiand iimuscle iibreakdown; iionly iihappens
iifrom iikidney iidisease iiMales- ii.6-1.2 ii
Females- ii.5-1.1 ii
ii
Laboratory iiTests ii
Blood iiurea iinitrogen ii(BUN) ii- iiResults iifrom iithe iibreakdown iiof iiprotein iiin iithe iiliver; ii
iiDehydration, iiinfection, iichemo, iisteroid iitherapy iiand iireabsorption iiof iiblood iiin iiliver iican
iiaffect; iiElevated iisuggests iikidney iifailure iialso iiliver iiprobs ii
Normal ii10-20 ii
ii
Laboratory iiTests ii
Urinalysis ii- ii24 iihour iiurine iicollection--> iicreatinine, iiurea iinitrogen, iisodium, iichloride,
iicalcium, iicatecholamines, iiand iiproteins ii
ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic
iiProcedures
ii
Radiography ii- iikidneys, iiureters,
iibladder
structures ii--> iirenal iicalculi, iistrictures, ii calcium ii deposits,
iiobstructions
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedures ii
CT iiScan ii- ii3 iidimensional iiimaging--> iikidney iisize, iiobstruction, iicysts, iior iimasses; iican
iiuse iiIV iicontrast iimedia iito iihelp ii
(media iican iicause iiacute iikidney iiinjury) ii
ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic
iiProcedures
ii
MRI ii- iiuseful iifor iistaging iicancer, iisimilar iito
iiCT
aware iiof iimetal iirestrictions iiand iihaving iito iilie
iistill
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedures ii
Ultrasound ii- iisize iiof iikidneys, iiimages iithe iiureters, iibladder, iimasses, iicysts, iicalculi, iiand
iiobstructions ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedures ii
Voiding iicystourethrogram ii(VCUG) ii
, Cystography, iicystourethrography ii- iiurethral iior iibladder iiinjury iiafter iicontrast iimedia iiin
iia iiurinary iicatheter iito iisee iibladder ii(cystography) iiand iithe iiureters
ii(cystourethrography) iiVia iix-ray iiduring iiurination iiwhether iiurine iirefluxes iiinto iiureters;
iimedia iidoesn't iireach iibloodstream iior iikidneys ii
Monitor iifor iiinfection; iiEncourage iifluid
iiintake ii ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic
iiProcedure
Kidney iiBiopsy ii- iisample iiof
iitissue
Sedation; iiNPO; iiReview iiHgb iiand iiHct iivalues ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedure ii
Cystoscope, iicystourethroscopy ii- iidiscover iiabnormalities iiof iibladder iiwall iiand/or
iiocclusions iiof iiureter iior iiurethra ii
Anesthesia; iiCheck iifor iiinfection; iiNPO; iilaxatives/enema; iiLithotomy iiposition
iiIrrigate iicath iiwith ii.9% iisodium iichloride ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedure ii
Retrograde iipyelogram, iicystogram, iiurethrogram ii- iiobstruction iior iistructural iidisorders
iiof iiureters iiand iirenal iipelvis iiof iikidneys iiwith iicontrast iimedia iiduring iiscope ii
Find--> iifistulas, iidiversticula, iitumors ii
Same iiinfo iias iiscopes ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedure ii
Renal iiScan ii- iiAssess iirenal iiblood iiflow iiand iiestimates iiGFR iiafter iiIV iiinjection iiof
iiradioactive iimaterial iifor iikidney iiscans ii
Assess iiBP iiif iigiven iicaptopril iiduring iiprocedure; iiOrtho iihypo; iiEncourage iiliquids;
iimaterial iinot iinephrotoxic ii
ii
Renal iiDiagnostic iiProcedure ii
Excretory iiurography ii- iiObstruction iiand iiparenchymal iimass; iisize iiof iikidneys; iiIV
iicontrast iimedia ii(iodine iibased) ii
Increased iifluids; iiEnema/laxative; iiAllergies ii(iodine, iieggs, iimilk, iiseafood, iichocolate)
iiasthma; iiWithhold iimetformin ii--> iicheck iiBUN iiand iicreatinine iibefore iiresuming ii
ii
Function iiof iiDialysis ii- iirids iibody iiof iiexcess iifluid iiand iielectrolytes; iiachieve iiacid-
base ii
ii
balance; iieliminates iiwaste iiproducts; iirestores iiinternal iihomeostasis iiby
iiosmosis,
ii
diffusion, iiand
iiultrafiltration
ii
Hemodialysis ii- iishunts iiblood iifrom iibody iithrough iidialyzer iiand iiback iiinto iicirculation;
iirequires iivascular iiaccess; iibased iion iimanifestations iinot iion iiGFR ii