,Test Bank for Anatomy and
Physiology 2nd Edition by
OpenStax, All 28 Chapters
Covered
1. What structure encloses and protects the brain and spinal cord?
a. Peritoneum
b. Pericardium
c. Meninges
d. Pleura
The meninges are three protective membranes (dura mater,
arachnoid mater, and pia mater) that surround the brain and spinal
cord.
2. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal medulla?
a. Cortisol
, b. Epinephrine
c. Aldosterone
d. Insulin
Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is responsible for
the “fight-or-flight” response.
3. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
a. Glomerulus
b. Loop of Henle
c. Nephron
d. Renal cortex
The nephron is the microscopic functional unit that filters blood and
forms urine.
4. Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and striated?
a. Skeletal
b. Cardiac
c. Smooth
d. Visceral
Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found only in the heart.
5. Which part of the brain regulates temperature, hunger, and thirst?
a. Medulla oblongata
b. Hypothalamus
c. Cerebellum
d. Cerebral cortex
, The hypothalamus controls homeostatic functions like body
temperature, appetite, and water balance.
6. Which cells are responsible for producing myelin in the central
nervous system?
a. Schwann cells
b. Oligodendrocytes
c. Astrocytes
d. Microglia
Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath in the CNS, speeding up
nerve conduction.
7. The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of:
a. Bone growth
b. Muscle contraction
c. Nerve conduction
d. Blood coagulation
The theory describes how actin and myosin filaments slide past one
another to shorten muscle fibers during contraction.
8. Which valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the
right atrium?
a. Aortic valve
b. Pulmonary valve
c. Tricuspid valve
d. Mitral valve
Physiology 2nd Edition by
OpenStax, All 28 Chapters
Covered
1. What structure encloses and protects the brain and spinal cord?
a. Peritoneum
b. Pericardium
c. Meninges
d. Pleura
The meninges are three protective membranes (dura mater,
arachnoid mater, and pia mater) that surround the brain and spinal
cord.
2. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal medulla?
a. Cortisol
, b. Epinephrine
c. Aldosterone
d. Insulin
Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is responsible for
the “fight-or-flight” response.
3. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
a. Glomerulus
b. Loop of Henle
c. Nephron
d. Renal cortex
The nephron is the microscopic functional unit that filters blood and
forms urine.
4. Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and striated?
a. Skeletal
b. Cardiac
c. Smooth
d. Visceral
Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, found only in the heart.
5. Which part of the brain regulates temperature, hunger, and thirst?
a. Medulla oblongata
b. Hypothalamus
c. Cerebellum
d. Cerebral cortex
, The hypothalamus controls homeostatic functions like body
temperature, appetite, and water balance.
6. Which cells are responsible for producing myelin in the central
nervous system?
a. Schwann cells
b. Oligodendrocytes
c. Astrocytes
d. Microglia
Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath in the CNS, speeding up
nerve conduction.
7. The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of:
a. Bone growth
b. Muscle contraction
c. Nerve conduction
d. Blood coagulation
The theory describes how actin and myosin filaments slide past one
another to shorten muscle fibers during contraction.
8. Which valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the
right atrium?
a. Aortic valve
b. Pulmonary valve
c. Tricuspid valve
d. Mitral valve
