NR 283: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 WITH
ALL CORRECT & VERIFIED ANSWERS
Functions of the skin Correct answer--First line of defense
-Prevents excessive fluid loss
-Controls body temperature
-Active in sensory perception
-Synthesizes vitamin D
Mixed flora Correct answer-Components differ in various areas of the body
Microbes Correct answer-Reside under fingernails, in hair follicles and in glands
Opportunistic infections Correct answer-May occur because of injury or other inflammatory lesion
Pruritus Correct answer-Itching of the skin
Pruritus is associated with: Correct answer--Allergic responses, type I sensitivity
-Chemical irritation caused by insect bites
-Infestations by parasites (scabies)
Cause of pruritus Correct answer-Release of histamine in a hypersensitivity response
Effects of pruritus Correct answer--Redness and itching - inflammation
-Risk of infection due to scratching
Contact Dermatitis Correct answer-Allergic skin rash, caused by a type IV reaction to direct contact
with a chemical
Allergic contact dermatitis Correct answer-Exposure to an antigen, such as metals, cosmetics,
soaps, chemicals, plants
Sensitization occurs on first exposure - type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity Correct answer-
Allergic contact dermatitis
Symptom of allergic contact dermatitis Correct answer-Pruritic rash develops at site a few hours
after exposure
Irritant contact dermatitis Correct answer-Inflammatory because of direct exposure irritant, does
not involve immune response
Treatment of irritant contact dermatitis Correct answer--Removal of irritant
-Reduction of inflammation with topical glucocorticoids
Urticaria Correct answer-Hives
Causes of urticaria Correct answer-Ingestion of substances, release histamine
-Result of type I hypersensitivity
Effects of urticaria Correct answer--Eruption of hard, raised erythematous lesion
-Often scattered all over the body
ALL CORRECT & VERIFIED ANSWERS
Functions of the skin Correct answer--First line of defense
-Prevents excessive fluid loss
-Controls body temperature
-Active in sensory perception
-Synthesizes vitamin D
Mixed flora Correct answer-Components differ in various areas of the body
Microbes Correct answer-Reside under fingernails, in hair follicles and in glands
Opportunistic infections Correct answer-May occur because of injury or other inflammatory lesion
Pruritus Correct answer-Itching of the skin
Pruritus is associated with: Correct answer--Allergic responses, type I sensitivity
-Chemical irritation caused by insect bites
-Infestations by parasites (scabies)
Cause of pruritus Correct answer-Release of histamine in a hypersensitivity response
Effects of pruritus Correct answer--Redness and itching - inflammation
-Risk of infection due to scratching
Contact Dermatitis Correct answer-Allergic skin rash, caused by a type IV reaction to direct contact
with a chemical
Allergic contact dermatitis Correct answer-Exposure to an antigen, such as metals, cosmetics,
soaps, chemicals, plants
Sensitization occurs on first exposure - type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity Correct answer-
Allergic contact dermatitis
Symptom of allergic contact dermatitis Correct answer-Pruritic rash develops at site a few hours
after exposure
Irritant contact dermatitis Correct answer-Inflammatory because of direct exposure irritant, does
not involve immune response
Treatment of irritant contact dermatitis Correct answer--Removal of irritant
-Reduction of inflammation with topical glucocorticoids
Urticaria Correct answer-Hives
Causes of urticaria Correct answer-Ingestion of substances, release histamine
-Result of type I hypersensitivity
Effects of urticaria Correct answer--Eruption of hard, raised erythematous lesion
-Often scattered all over the body
